ITO, WARD - 2(2), ASANSOL , ASANSOL vs. NABA KUMAR MANDAL, BURDWAN

Definitions.—(1) In these rules, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context— (i) “Commissioner” means the Excise Commissioner; (ii) “requisition” means the requisition submitted by the authorized representative of licensed wholesale vendor of country spirit in Form II appended to these rules; (iii) “retail vendor” means the person holding license in the prescribed form for retail vending of country spirit, granted by the Collector; 189; (iv) “State Government” means the Government of West Bengal; (v) “the Act” means the Bengal Excise Act, 1909 (Ben. Act V of 1909); (vi) “transport pass” means the transport pass issued in Form III appended to these rules; (vii) “warehouse” means the warehouse for supply of country spirit to retail vendors, established at convenient places by the Commissioner at the expense of the State Government, or at the expense of a person to whom the exclusive privilege of supplying or selling country spirit by wholesale has been granted under section 22 of the Act, or of a licensed wholesale vendor of country spirit; (viii) “wholesale licensee” means the wholesale vendor of country spirit to whom license has been granted in West Bengal Excise Form No. 26. (2) Words and expressions used in these rules and not defined, but defined in the Act, shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them in the Act.

Issue only on payment of duty.—No country spirit in labelled and capsuled bottles shall be issued without payment of duty from a country spirit bottling plant. No country spirit in bulk shall be issued without payment of duty from a country spirit warehouse.

Personal Ledger Account to be maintained by the wholesale licensee.—The wholesale licensee shall maintain a Personal Ledger Account in accordance with the direction issued by the Commissioner from time to time for the purpose of maintaining an account—current of the duties payable by the wholesale licensee for the issues of country spirit to the retail vendors or transport on payment of duty from the concerned country spirit bottling plant or warehouse.

Minimum balance in Personal Ledger Account.—The Collector shall issue directions for maintaining the minimum amount “of balance in the aforesaid Personal Ledger Accounts in order to ensure that duty for daily issues of country spirit from the country spirit bottling plant or warehouse may be debited from the said account, leaving sufficient balance as may be determined by him.

Procedure of issue of country spirit.—(1) The retail vendor or his authorized representative shall submit to the representative of the wholesale licensee, through Excise Officer-in-Charge of the warehouse, a demand for issue of country spirit in Form I appended to these rules in duplicate. The duplicate copy shall be kept in the custody of the Excise Officer-in-Charge for his official record. (2) No retail vendor of country spirit shall deposit duty direct into the local treasury for issue of country spirit to be taken by him from the warehouse concerned. Duty, cost price, bottling charge, if there be any, at the prescribed rate and other imposition, as may be prescribed by law, shall be paid by the retail vendor to the credit of the wholesale licensee concerned. (3) The authorized representative of the wholesale licensee shall realize the necessary amount of duty, cost price and bottling charge, if there be any, at the prescribed rate and such other imposition, as may be prescribed by law, from the retail vendor to whom country spirit is to be Naba Kumar Mandal, AY 2008-09 issued from the concerned warehouse. The authorized representative as above shall then submit requisition in duplicate in Form II appended to these rules to the Excise Officer-in- Charge of the warehouse separately for each of the retail vendors to whom country spirit is to be issued on the day.

We find that the reliance placed on the decision of Co-ordinate Bench of Bangalore Tribunal in the case of Sri Renukeswara Rice Mills vs ITO reported in 93 ITD 263 (Bang Trib.) is well founded , wherein, it was held that the cash payment in the bank account of the payee is sufficient to get exemption in terms of Rule 6DD in as much it is ensured that the payee and payee alone receives the payment and the origin and conclusion of the transaction is traceable thereby fulfilling the criterion for ensuring the object of introduction of section 40A(3) of the Act.

We find that the following facts are undisputed and indisputable:- (a) The transactions made by the assessee is genuine. (b) The identity of the receiver (wholesale licensee) is established beyond doubt. ( c) The payment is made in the bank account of the seller (wholesale licensee). We hold that since the genuinity of the payments made to the M/s Asansol Bottling & Packaging Co. Pvt. Ltd (wholesale licensee) is not doubted by the revenue, the provisions of section 40A(3) could not be made applicable to the facts of the instant case. It is observed that the assessee had taken enough precautions from its side to ensure that the payee also don’t escape from the ambit of taxation on these receipts by directly depositing the cash in the bank account of the payee. Moreover, the regulations of the West Bengal Government pursuant to notification from its Excise Department dated 29.8.2005 also mandates the payment to be made by way of direct deposit into the bank account of the wholesale licensee. This fact is also not disputed by the revenue.

In this regard, it is pertinent to get into the following decisions on the impugned subject:- Attar Singh Gurmukh Singh vs ITO reported in (1991) 191 ITR 667 (SC) " 3.3.4. Section 40A(3) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, which provides that expenditure in excess of Rs. 2,500 (Rs. 10,000 after the 1987 amendment) would be allowed to be deducted only if made by a crossed cheque or crossed bank draft (except in specified cases) is not arbitrary and does not amount to a restriction on the fundamental right to carry on business. If read together with Rule 6DD of the Income-tax Rules, 1962, it will be clear that the provisions are not intended to restrict business activities. There is no restriction on the assessee in his trading activities. Section 40A(3) only empowers the Assessing Officer to disallow the deduction claimed as expenditure in respect of which payment is not made by crossed-cheque or crossed-bank draft. The payment by crossed-cheque or crossed bank-draft is insisted upon to enable the assessing authority to ascertain whether the payment was genuine or whether it was out of income from undisclosed sources. The terms of section 40A(3) are not absolute. Consideration of business expediency and other relevant factors are not excluded. Genuine and bona fide transactions are not taken out of the sweep of the section. It is open to the assessee to furnish to the satisfaction of the Assessing officer the circumstances under which the payment in the manner prescribed in section 40A(3) was not practicable or would have caused genuine difficulty to the payee. It is also open to the assessee to identify the person who has received the cash payment. Rule 6DD provides that an assessee can be exempted from the requirement of payment by a crossed-cheque or crossed-bank draft in the circumstances specified under the rule. It will be clear from the provisions of section 40A(3) and rule 6DD that they are intended to regulate business transactions and to prevent the use of unaccounted money or reduce the chances to use black money for business transactions."

We are not inclined to ignore the intention of the provisions of section 40A(3) of the Act by giving a plain reading of the same as argued by the ld DR. We find that the disallowance of the entire cash purchases results in abnormal trading profit for the assessee which it could never earn. We find a purposive construction should be resorted to while applying the provisions of the Act. Hence it would be more relevant to get into the intention of the legislature. In our opinion, the primary object of enacting section 40A(3) was two-fold, firstly, putting a check on trading transactions with a mind to evade the liability to tax on income earned out of such transaction and, secondly, to inculcate the banking habits amongst the business community. Apparently, this provision was directly related to curb the evasion of tax and inculcating the banking habits. Therefore, the consequence, which were to befall on account of non-observation of section 40A(3) must have nexus to the failure of such object. Therefore, the genuineness of the transactions it being free from vice of any device of evasion of tax is relevant consideration. In the instant case, the cash has been deposited directly in the bank account of the supplier i.e M/s Asansol Bottling & Packaging Co. Pvt Ltd by the assessee.

We find that the Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of CTO vs Swastik Roadways reported in (2004) 3 SCC 640 had held that the consequences of non-compliance of Naba Kumar Mandal, AY 2008-09 Madhyapradesh Sales Tax Act , which were intended to check the evasion and avoidance of sales tax were significantly harsh. The court while upholding the constitutional validity negated the existence of a mens rea as a condition necessary for levy of penalty for non- compliance with such technical provisions required held that “in the consequence to follow there must be nexus between the consequence that befall for non-compliance with such provisions intended for preventing the tax evasion with the object of provision before the consequence can be inflicted upon the defaulter.” The Supreme Court has opined that the existence of nexus between the tax evasion by the owner of the goods and the failure of C & F agent to furnish information required by the Commissioner is implicit in section 57(2) and the assessing authority concerned has to necessarily record a finding to this effect before levying penalty u/s 57(2).

We also find that the impugned issue is also covered by the decision of the co- ordinate bench of this tribunal in the case of Ashok Mondal vs ITO in for Asst Year 2009-10 dated 6.2.2014, wherein it was held that :- “7. We have considered the rival submissions. At the outset a perusal of the decision in the case of Smt.Pushpalata Mondal shows that the Tribunal had decided the case by following the decision of Hon'ble Kerala High Court in the case of K.Abdu & Co. referred to supra wherein the issue was in relation to Rule 6DD(a) of IT Rules. The issue in the asessec's case is in respect of the payments made under the rules framed by the Government and such payment was required to be made in legal tender. A perusal of the Government Notification issued by the Govt. of West Bengal clearly shows that the dealers are agents of the Government and the payments made are to the Government. It also makes it categorically required that the payment is to be made before lifting of the country spirit. Consequently we are of the view that the issue is squarely covered by the decision of the Coordinate Bench of this Tribunal in the case of M/s.Amrai Pachwai & C.S.Shop referred to supra wherein it has been held as follows :- "6. We have considered the rival submissions. At the outset a perusal of the assessment order clearly shows that the AO has recognized the assessee's business in trading of country spirit and country liquor. Copy of Form of Licence issued by Durgapur Municipal Corporation and copy of Form III issued by Department of Excise, Govt. of W.B. were also found at pages 177 and 179 of the assessee's paper book. In any case the validity of licence of the assessee to trade in country spirit and country liquor is not the issue before us. The issue is whether the payments made by the assessee for the purchase of country spirit from the territorial licensee bottling plant, IFB Agro Industries Ltd., City Centre, Durgapur falls within the exemption Naba Kumar Mandal, AY 2008-09 provided under rule 6DD(b) of the I.T.Rules, 1962. Admittedly, the AO has recognized that the provision of Rule 6DD(b) of the I.T Rules, 1962 is applicable in case of payments made to government directly. This is found in page 2 of the assessment order. A perusal of the Kolkata Gazette Tuesday 20th Sept 2005 shows that the Government of West Bengal, Department of Excise has issued a notification, wherein the warehouse has been identified to mean the warehouse for supply of country spirit to the retail vendors, established at convenient places by the Commissioner at the expense of the State Government, or at the expense of a person to whom the exclusive privilege of supplying or selling country spirit by wholesale has been granted u/s 22 of the Act of a licensed wholesale vendor of country spirit. Further, it has been specifically identified that the authorised representative of the wholesale licensee shall realize the necessary amount of duty, cost price and bottling charge, if there be any, at the prescribed rate and such other imposition, as may be prescribed by law, from the retail vendor to whom the country spirit is to be issued from the concerned warehouse. It is also specifically mentioned in section (2) of the said notification that no retail vendor of country spirit shall deposit duty direct into the local treasury for issue of country spirit to be taken by him from the warehouse concerned which clearly shows that the warehouse is for the supply of the country liquor, specifically, the warehouse is under the direct control and custody of the State Govt. The State Government has closed its doors in so far as the local treasury is concerned and the payment for the purchase of country spirit or country liquor has to be made to the warehouse, run by the government. This shows that any payment made to the warehouse, which is under the direct control of the state government, is a payment made directly to the government. Once, this is accepted then the provisions of Rule 6DD(b) of the I.T Rules, 1962 which clearly spells out that the payment made to the government in legal tender under the rules framed by the Government, is exempted from the rigours of section 40A(3) of the Act. Here, it is noticed that the payments made by the assessee for purchase of country spirit and country liquor is to the government as per the notification issued by the government and is in legal tender specified by the notification. In the circumstances, we are of the view that the payment made by the assessee for the purchase of country liquor and country spirit from the territorial licensee bottling plant, IFB Agro Industries Ltd., City Centre, Durgapur is protected by the exemption in terms of Rule 6DD(b) of the 1.T.Rules 1962. In the circumstances, the addition as made by the AO and as confirmed by the Id. CIT(A) by invoking the provisions of section 40A(3) of the I. T.Act 1961 stands deleted.

In the result the addition as confirmed by the Id. CIT(A) stands deleted.

We find that M/s Asansol Bottling & Packaging Co. Pvt Ltd is a bottling plant cum warehouse under Rule 2(vii) of The West Bengal Excise Rules 2005 with privilege granted u/s 22 of The Bengal Excise Act, 1909. At this juncture, it would be relevant to go into the definition of warehouse as provided under the State Excise Rules 2005 as below:- “Warehouse” , under Rule 2(vii) of the W.B.Excise Rules 2005 , means the warehouse for supply of country spirit to retail vendors, established at convenient places by the Commissioner at the expense of the State Government, or at the expense of a person to whom the exclusive privilege of supplying or selling country spirit by wholesale has been granted under section 22 of the Act, or of a licensed wholesale vendor of country spirit.

It would be pertinent to look into Section 22 of The Bengal Excise Act, 1909 at this juncture as below:- Section 22 – Grant of exclusive privilege of manufacture and sale of country liquor or intoxicating drugs (1) The State Government may grant to any person, on such conditions and for such period as it may think fit, the exclusive privilege – (a) of manufacturing, or supplying by wholesale, or (b) of manufacturing, and supplying by wholesale, or (c) of selling, by wholesale or retail, or (d) of manufacturing or supplying by wholesale and selling retail, or (e) of manufacturing and supplying by wholesale and selling retail, any country liquor or intoxicating drug within any specified local area:

It is not in dispute that M/s Asansol Bottling & Packaging Co. Pvt Ltd have been granted licence to act as a wholesaler for supply of country liquor to the retail vendor as per the regulations of the Excise Department , Government of West Bengal. At the cost of repetition, Naba Kumar Mandal, AY 2008-09 we would like to state that the said regulation mandated the payments to be made directly into the bank account of the said wholesale licensee by the retail vendor (i.e assessee herein) for strict and effective regulation of the country liquor and for prevention of spurious stocks and black marketing transactions from the same. Hence it could be safely concluded that the said wholesale licensee had acted at the instance of the State Government. Once this is so, then the said wholesale licensee could be construed as an agent of the State Government. For the sake of convenience, the relevant rule is reproduced hereunder:- Rule 6DD(k) – where the payment is made by any person to his agent who is required to make payment in cash for goods or services on behalf of such person. The payment made by the assessee retail vendor to the Principal, Government of West Bengal through its wholesale agent. The relationship between the assessee (authorized retailer) and Government of West Bengal (the supplier) acting under West Bengal Excise Rules through its Authorised Wholesaler Licensee (Agent), both de facto and dejure , is one of ‘Principal’ and ‘Agent’. We hold that the assessee retail vendor had made payment to the said agent (wholesale licensee) would fall under the exception provided in Rule 6DD(k) of the Rules.

The ld AR had advanced another argument that the payment is made by the assessee to State Bank of India and accordingly the same would fall under the exception provided in Rule 6DD(a) of the Rules. We find that the assessee had made payments only to the customer of State Bank of India and not to State Bank of India. Hence the assessee’s case does not fall under the exception provided in Rule 6DD(a) of the Rules.

We hold from the aforesaid findings that the assessee’s case falls under the exceptions provided in Rule 6DD(b) and Rule 6DD(k) of the Rules. In view of the aforesaid facts and circumstances and respectfully following the judicial precedents relied upon hereinabove, we have no hesitation in deleting the disallowance made u/s 40A(3) of the Act in all the years under appeal. Accordingly, the grounds raised by the assessee for all the years under appeal are allowed.”

In the result, appeal of revenue is dismissed.