DCIT, NON-CORPORATE CIRCLE - 2 (1),, CHENNAI vs. M/S. SHRIRAM INVESTMENTS,, CHENNAI

PER G.MANJUNATHA, AM: This appeal filed by the revenue is directed against the

order passed by the learned Commissioner of Income Tax

(Appeals)-2, Chennai dated 30.05.2019 and pertains to

assessment year 2015-16.

“1. The order of the CIT(A) is contrary to law, facts and circumstances of the case. 2. In the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the CIT(A) erred in deleting the disallowance made u/s.36(1)(iii) of the I.T. Act, without appreciating the fact that the assessee had diverted interest bearing funds, without charge of any interest,

2 ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019 and such diversion of funds shall be squarely covered by section 36(l)(iii) of the Act. 3. The CIT(A) failed to appreciate that the test of commercial expediency as laid down in the case of M/s S A Builders (288 ITR 1) by the Hon’ble Supreme Court has not been satisfied by the assessee in the present case. 4. The CIT(A) has completely overlooked that the assessee diverts interest bearing funds to its sister concerns and claims interest. But however the sister concerns conveniently chose the time and period of repayment. Interest has to be paid back by the assessee. 5. The CIT(A) has overlooked that the assessee claims interest as deduction in full and reports minimal interest income. The result being a completely stage managed and engineered to bring total income at a NIL figure. 6. The CIT(A) has overlooked that the assessee has utiiized a avoidance over the years through colourable transactions payment of due taxes.”

firm which is engaged in the business of finance and

investments filed its return of income for assessment year 2015-

16 on 29.09.2015 declaring loss of Rs.16,64,50,745/-. The

assessment has been completed u/s.143(3) r.w.s. 147 of the

Income Tax Act, 1961, on 28.12.2018 and determining total

income at Rs. 6,62,63,586/- by making additions towards

disallowance of interest expenses u/s.36(1)(iii) of the Act, at

Rs.23,26,10,491/- and disallowance u/s.14A r.w. Rule 8D of

3 ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019

Income Tax Rules, 1962, at Rs.1,03,840/-. The relevant

findings of the Assessing Officer are as under:-

“The assessee is engaged in the business of providing financial support to the concerns of Shriram group and an amount of Rs. 4,68,40,84,187/- is due from them. The assessee has been selective in receiving interest and the interest received from parties comprising the Companies, firms and others is Rs.8,33,21,234/- . On the liability side the assessee owes a sum of Rs. 738,55,17,224/- to group companies, Firms and others which are also concerns of Shriram group. The interest debit is Rs. 31,59,31,725/- and the Payment of interest is limited to the funds obtained from Shriram Transport Finance Co. Ltd. is Rs. 29,75,00,000/- and Cell India Financial Services P ltd is Rs. 5,47,945/- and interest paid on deposits of Rs. 1,78,03,780/-. It is clear from the above narration that the transaction of receipt of interest up payment of interest is confined to the group concerns. Under the circumstance, there is neither exigency nor business prudence on part to the assessee to receive a lesser interest end pay a higher interest thereby burdening itself with the surplus portion. It is pertinent to mention that the Executives of Shriram group and members of Shriram Ownership Trust have taken substantial interest free advances from the firm. Further, the Partners’ Current Account exhibits a huge debit balance of Rs.48,35,83,810/-. If interest were provided on these interest free diversions, the firm need not to have suffered the differential loss. Even under the Provision of Section 40A2(b), the expenditure involving related party transactions requires to be restricted to the market value. In the case under consideration, obviously the market value is determined by the assessee itself,

ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019

being the interest received from the group concerns to which the interest hearing funds have been diverted. Therefore, the allowability of interest u/s. 36(1)(iii) is restricted to the extent of interest received from tae group concerns, thereby enforcing the concept of matching principle between the income and the expenditure. By doing so, an amount of Rs. 23,26,10,491/- gets added to the taxable income LI/s. 36(1)(iii) of the IT. Act, 1961. Calculation of amount of disallowance u/s.14A as per rule 8D of the IT Act:

The working of such disallowance are worked out as under: The value of investment as on 31.03.2015 shown by the assessee is Rs.1,76,12,27,043/-. On considering the share application money of Rs. 48,11,500/- as a part of the investment. The total value of investment came out to be Rs. 1,76,60,38,542/- (Rs. 1,76,12,27,043/- (+) Rs.. 48,11,500/-) Amount of interest paid (as per assessee ) Rs.31,59,31,725

Value of investment for AY 2015-16 Rs.1,76,60,38,543/-

Value of investment for AY 2014-15 Rs. 81,68,98,756/-

Total value of investment Rs.2,58,29,37,199/-

Average Value of investment from Rs.1,29,14,68,599/- which exempt income is earned Value of assets for A.Y 2015-16 Rs.7,54,74,06,210/-

Value of assets for A.Y 2014-15 Rs.9,00,91,52,190/-

Total assets Rs.16,55,65,58,400/-

Average of Total assets Rs.8,27,82,79,200/-

5 ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019 1.Expenditure not directly attributable(A*B/C) Rs.4,92,87,526/- 2.1/2% of average investment Rs.64,57,342/- Total amt to be disallowed u/s.14A (1+2) Rs.5,57,44,868 Total amount to be disallowed u/s.14A : Rs.5,57,44,868/- Already disallowed u/s.14A as per rule 8D (as per assessee) Rs.5,56,41,028 Amt to be disallowed Rs. 1,03,840/-“

preferred an appeal before the learned CIT(A). Before the

learned CIT(A), it was contended that the issue is covered in

favour of the assessee by the decision of ITAT., Chennai in

assessee’s own case for earlier assessment year. Therefore,

the learned CIT(A) by following decision of the ITAT., Chennai

and also decision of the Hon’ble Jurisdictional High Court of

Madras, in assessee’s own case for assessment year 2013-14

deleted additions made by the Assessing Officer towards

disallowance of interest u/s.36(1)(iii) of the Act, however,

sustained additions made by the Assessing Officer towards

disallowance of expenses u/s.14A r.w.Rule 8D of I.T.Rules,

1962. Aggrieved by the learned CIT(A) order, the Revenue is in

appeal before us.

6 ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019 5. At the time of hearing, learned counsel for the assessee

submitted that the issue involved in the appeal filed by the

Revenue is squarely covered in favour of the assessee by the

decision of ITAT., Chennai in assessee’s own case for

assessment year 2014-15, which was further upheld by the

Hon’ble Jurisdictional High Court of Madras in Tax Case Appeal

No.363 of 2020 dated 15.10.2020, where the Hon’ble High

Court has affirmed findings of the Tribunal in holding that no

disallowance can be made u/s.36(1)(iii) of the Income Tax Act,

1961, for debit balance in partner’s capital account as well as

loans & advances to group companies.

issue involved in appeal filed by the Revenue is squarely

covered in favour of the assessee by the decision of Hon’ble

Jurisdictional High Court of Madras for assessment year 2014-

15.

available on record and gone through orders of the authorities

below along with decision of the Hon’ble Jurisdictional High

7 ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019 Court of Madras in assessee’s own case for assessment year

2014-15. We find that an identical issue has been considered

by the Tribunal for immediately preceding assessment year

2014-15, where the Tribunal by following its decision in

assessee’s own case for assessment year 2013-14 deleted

additions made by the Assessing Officer towards disallowance

of interest expenses u/s.36(1)(iii) of the Act. We further noted

that the Hon’ble Jurisdictional High Court of Madras in Tax

Case Appeal No. 363 of 2020 vide order dated 15.10.2020 has

affirmed findings of the Tribunal in deleting additions made by

the Assessing Officer towards disallowance of interest

expenses u/s.36(1)(iii) of the Act, and while doing so, it has

followed its earlier decision in assessee’s own case for

assessment year 2013-14 in T.C.A No.166 of 2019 dated

21.02.2019. The relevant observations of the Hon’ble High

Court are as under:-

“4. The above substantial questions of law have been filed against the revenue in assesseee's own case in T.C.A. No.166 of 2019 for the assessment year 2013-2014 and by Judgment dated 21.02.2019, this Court dismissed the said appeal. The operative portion of the judgment reads as follows:

ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019

"3. Mr.T.Ravikumar, learned Senior Standing Counsel for the Revenue, urged before us that the Assessing Authority as well as the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) had rightly disallowed the claim of interest by the Assessee under Section 36 (1) of the Act, but the Tribunal has erred in deleting the said addition, as the Assessee had also borrowed sums from its Group Concerns and on the basis of 'Matching Principles', since lesser interest paid to the Group Concerns, it was contrary to the Agreement Clause (10) of one of the Deeds of Partnership, from whom such finance was taken, which provided for interest rate up to 12% per annum and, accordingly, the difference of interest paid and received by the Assessee should be added back under Section 36 (1) (iii) of the Act.

ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019

incorrect and not sustainable, as the Assessee company, being an Investment Company, had applied cash basis of accounting and the actual amount of interest paid and received was recorded by it. He reiterated the findings of the learned Tribunal in Para 7 in this regard and the same are quoted below for ready reference :

“7. We have considered the rival contentions and perused the orders of the authorities below. Assessee had debited in its profit and loss account, only the actual interest paid and credited only the actual interest 4 received, since it was following the cash system of accounting. In our opinion in a cash basis of accounting system, there is no question of applying any matching principle. Interest is credited as income at point of receipt and debited as expenses at the point of payment. According to the disparity in the period for which interest is received and paid, there could be difference. That apart, copy of the partners current account placed at paper book page 10, shows that debit balances in partners current account arose more on account of losses suffered in the earlier years, than due to any drawings by the partners. It might be true that it had received interest only from four individuals to which it had advanced amounts during the relevant previous year. This does not mean that assessee had not received interest from other parties in other years. During the previous assessment year 2009-2010, it had received interest of Rs.13,34,06,510/- from persons to whom it had advanced loans. Hence in our opinion, it is obvious that disparity between interest received and interest payment arose not on account of any selective charging of interest, but on account of cash basis system followed by the assessee. There is nothing in the statute which stopped the assessee from following the cash system of accounting. In assessee's own case for assessment year 2009-

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2010 on Revenue appeal (ITA No.1690/Mds/2013, dated 27.11.2013), this Tribunal had held as under :-

'6. The Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) held that the assessee is an investment company made investments in group concerns as part of its business of the assessee i.e. advancing loans to group concerns. The Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) also gave a finding that monies are borrowed from group concerns only and these monies are utilized by the investee concerns for their trade purposes. Since the investments in shares of group concerns amounting to Rs.4,38,00.000/- are within the course of trading activities and out of commercial expediency and the decision of the Hon'ble Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of S.A.Builders (288 ITR 1) is applicable to the assessee. The Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) also held that Rs.76,58,00,000/- invested in sister concerns as share application money is not capable of yielding any income nor any right to a benefit is vested in, therefore provisions of Section 14A are not attracted in view of the decision of the Co-ordinate Bench of this Tribunal in the cases of MSA Security Services and NMS Consultancy P. Ltd (supra). The Department could not rebut any of the findings of the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals). Therefore, we sustain the order of the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) in deleting the disallowance made under Section 14A of the Act. The grounds raised by the Revenue are rejected''. Thus assessee has been considered as an investment company and making investments was part of its business. Hon'ble Jurisdictional High Court also in the case of CIT vs. Shriram Investments (Firm), (2015) 54 taxmann.com 15 also held that deduction u/s.36(1) (iii) of the Act had to be allowed in respect of interest paid, if capital was borrowed for the purpose of business or profession. As already mentioned by us, there is

ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019

no finding by any of the lower authorities that disparity between interest receipts and payments arose on account of charging of lower rate of interest on loans advanced when compared to interest paid on loans received. In the circumstances, we are of the opinion that ld. Assessing Officer was not justified in making a disallowance for the difference between interest received and interest paid by the assessee. Disallowance of Rs.1,65,81,384/- stands deleted.”

“7. We may firstly consider the first three questions as to whether the interest of borrowed capital which was utilised in the business of shares both by way of investment and stock-in- trade is allowable deduction. In so far as first three questions are concerned, in our opinion, a co-ordinate Bench of this court in CIT v. Lokhandwala Construction Inds.Ltd. (2003) 260 ITR 579 (Bom.), had addressed itself to this issue. Reliance was placed on India Cements Ltd. v. CIT (1966) 60 ITR 52 (SC) which was under Section 10 (2) (iii) of the Income-Tax Act,1922 which corresponds to Section 36 (1) (iii) of the present Act. This Court answered the issue in the following manner (page 581) : 'That, while adjudicating the claim for deduction under section

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36 (1) (iii) of the Act, the nature of the expense-whether the expense was on capital account or revenue accountwas irrelevant as the section itself says that interest paid by the assessee on the capital borrowed by the assessee was an item of deduction. That the utilization of capital was irrelevant for the purpose of adjudicating the claim for deduction under section 36 (1) (iii) of the Act. (see the judgment of the Bombay High Court in the case of Calico Dyeing & Printing Works v. CIT (1958) 34 ITR 265. In that judgment, it has been laid down that where an assessee claims deduction of interest paid on capital borrowed, all that the assessee had to show was that the capital which was borrowed was used for business purpose in the relevant year of account and it did not matter whether the capital was borrowed in order to acquire a revenue asset or a capital asset.' It may be noted that in India Cements Ltd. v. CIT (1966) 60 ITR 52 (SC), the apex court was specifically pleased to observe that the object of the loan is an irrelevant consideration. In the State of Madras v. G.J.Coelho (1964) 53 ITR 186 (SC), the Supreme Court was dealing with the deduction claimed under section 5 (e) of the Madras Plantations Agricultural Income-tax Act, 1955. While considering the issue, the court was pleased to observe that in principle there is no distinction between interest paid on capital borrowed for the acquisition of a plantation and interest paid on capital borrowed for the purpose of an existing plantation. Both are for the purpose of the plantation. The court further 9 / 16 observed that the payment of interest on the amount borrowed for the purpose of the plantations when the whole transaction of purchase and the working of the plantations was viewed as an integrated whole was so closely related to the plantations that the expenditure could be said to be laid out or expended wholly and exclusively for the purpose of the plantations.

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(iii) and was pleased to observe as under (page 620) : 'The only enquiry that is to be made is whether the payment of interest was in respect of capital borrowed for the purpose of the assessee's business or profession. There is no dispute that the capital was borrowed in the instant case and interest was paid on the borrowed capital. It is to be established that the amount was borrowed for the purpose of business or profession. The amount borrowed may be utilized for the purpose of acquisition of stock-in-trade or for the purpose of acquisition of capital assets. But so long as the money is utilised for business purposes the interest will have to be allowed as deduction. It is well settled that business expenditure is not confirmed to expenses incurred on revenue account. Capital expenditure may not be allowed as a deduction under section 37 because the section specifically bars any deduction of expenditure of capital nature. But section 36 is differently worded. There is no bar in section 36 (1) (iii) to allowance of interest paid in respect of capital borrowed which has been utilised for purchase of a capital asset. The position of law in this regard was explained by the Supreme Court in the cases of India Cements Ltd. v. CIT (1966) 60 ITR 52 (SC) and State of Madras v. G.J.Coelho (1964) 53 ITR 186 (SC)'' (emphasis supplied). "

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business. 9. For the foregoing reasons, we uphold the concurrent findings rendered by the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) and the Tribunal and answer substantial question of law against the Revenue and in favour of the assessee. These appeals are dismissed. No costs.”

“36. We wish to make it clear that it is not our opinion that in every case interest on borrowed loan has to be allowed if the assessee advances it to a sister concern. It all depends on the facts and circumstances of the respective case. For instance, if the Directors of the sister concern utilize the amount advanced to it by the assessee for their personal benefit, obviously it cannot be said that such money was advanced as a measure of commercial expediency. However, money can be said to be advanced to a sister concern for commercial expediency in many other circumstances (which need not be enumerated here). However, where it is obvious that a holding company has a deep interest in its subsidiary, and hence if the holding company advances borrowed money to a subsidiary and the same is used by the subsidiary for some business purposes, the assessee would, in our opinion, ordinarily be entitled to deduction of interest on its borrowed loans.”

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16 ITA No. 2232/Chny/2019 view of the matter for the Assessment Years in question before us. 10. Therefore, this Appeal, filed by the Revenue, is also liable to be dismissed and it is, accordingly, dismissed. No costs."

Thus, following the above decision, the Tax case appeals are dismissed and the substantial questions of law are answered against the revenue. No Costs.”

by the co-ordinate Bench and also by respectfully following

decision of Hon’ble Jurisdictional High Court of Madras in Tax

Case Appeal No.363 of 2020 dated 15.10.2020, we are

inclined to uphold findings of learned CIT(A) and reject ground

taken by the Revenue.

Order pronounced in the open court on 12th January, 2022 Sd/- Sd/- (महावीर �संह) ( जी. मंजुनाथ ) (Mahavir Singh) (G. Manjunatha ) उपा�य�/ Vice-President लेखा सद&य / Accountant Member चे(नई/Chennai, )दनांक/Dated 12th January, 2022 DS

आदेश क� ��त+ल,प अ-े,षत/Copy to: 1. Appellant 2. Respondent 3. आयकर आयु.त (अपील)/CIT(A) 4. आयकर आयु.त/CIT 5. ,वभागीय ��त�न2ध/DR 6. गाड� फाईल/GF.