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Facts
The assessee, a Co-operative Housing Society, claimed deduction under section 80P(2)(d) for interest income earned from a co-operative bank. This deduction was disallowed by the Assessing Officer and upheld by the CIT(A). The assessee appealed this disallowance.
Held
The Tribunal held that interest earned by a co-operative society from its investments with another co-operative society is eligible for deduction under section 80P(2)(d). The Tribunal noted that section 80P(4) excludes co-operative banks from deduction, but this exclusion does not apply when the co-operative society itself is claiming deduction on interest earned from a co-operative bank.
Key Issues
Whether interest income earned by a co-operative society from investments in a co-operative bank is eligible for deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Income Tax Act, despite the provisions of section 80P(4) excluding co-operative banks from certain deductions.
Sections Cited
80P(2)(d), 143(1), 250, 80P(4), 2(19)
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Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, “SMC” BENCH, MUMBAI
(Assessment Year: 2021-22) Shree Raj Crystal Co-op. Asst. Director of Income Housing Society Ltd. Tax, CPC, Bengaluru Royal Complex, Chandawarkar Vs. Road & Eksar Road Junction, Borivali West, Mumbai 400091. PAN/GIR No. AAAS7159K (Appellant) : (Respondent) Assessee by : Shri Bhavesh Gala/Devang Divech Respondent by : Shri Praveen K. Srivastav, SR. DR Date of Hearing : 19.11.2025 Date of Pronouncement : 27.11.2025 O R D E R Per Narender Kumar Choudhry, J M:
This appeal has been preferred by the Assessee against the order dated 14.08.2025, impugned herein, passed by the National Faceless Appeal Center (NFAC)/ Ld. Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) (in short Ld. Commissioner) u/s 250 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (in short ‘the Act’) for the A.Y. 2021-22.
In the instant case, the assessee has claimed the deduction of Rs. 4,85,800/- on account of interest income earned from co-operative bank u/s. 80P(2)(d) of the Act, by filing its return of income on dated 18.10.2021, which was disallowed by the Assessing Officer (AO) vide order dated 19.10.2022 u/s. 143(1) of the Act.
(A.Y. 2021-22) Shree Raj Crystal Co-op. Housing Society Ltd. 3. Thus, the assessee being aggrieved challenged the said addition/disallowance by filing first appeal before the Ld. Commissioner, however, could not get any relief and therefore the assessee being aggrieved has preferred instant appeal.
Heard the parties and perused the material available on record. The assessee has earned interest income to the tune of Rs. 4,85,800/- on FDR maintained with Saraswati Co-operative Bank and claimed the same as deduction u/s. 80P(2)(d) of the Act which was disallowed by the Authorities below by their respective orders. Admittedly identical issue has already been decided in favour of the then Assessees by the various Courts, including by the Hon’ble Co-ordinate bench of the Tribunal in the case of Pathare Prabhu Co-operative Housing Society Ltd. vs. ITO (ITA No.1346 & 1347/M/2023 decided on 27.07.2023) (2023) 153 taxmann.com 714 (Mum. – Trib.), by observing and holding as under: “8. We have considered the submissions of both sides and perused the material available on record. The only dispute raised by the Assessee is against the disallowance of deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Act in respect of interest income received from the Co-operative Banks. The Assessee is a registered Co-operative Housing Society and during the assessment year 2018-19 earned interest income of Rs. 50,39,861 from the investments made in various Co-operative Banks.
Before proceeding further, it is relevant to note the provisions of section 80P of the Act under which the Assessee has claimed the deduction in the present case. As per the provisions of section 80P(1) of the Act, the income referred to in sub-section (2) to section 80P shall be allowed as a deduction to an Assessee being a Co-operative Society. Further, section 80P(2)(d) of the Act, reads as under: “80P. Deduction in respect of income of co-operative societies. (1) ...... (2) The sums referred to in sub-section (1) shall be the following, namely:– (a) ..... (b) ..... (c) ..... (d) in respect of any income by way of interest or dividends derived by the cooperative society from its investments with any other co-operative society, the whole of such income;”
Thus, for the purpose of provisions of section 80P(2)(d) of the Act, two conditions are required to be cumulatively satisfied- (i) income by way of interest or dividend is earned by the Co-operative Society from the investments, and (ii) such investments (A.Y. 2021-22) Shree Raj Crystal Co-op. Housing Society Ltd. should be with any other Co-operative Society. Further, the term „co-operative society‟ is defined under section 2(19) of the Act as under: “(19) "co-operative society" means a co-operative society registered under the Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 (2 of 1912), or under any other law for the time being in force in any State for the registration of co-operative societies; 11. In the present case, there is no dispute that the Assessee is a Co Operative Housing Society. Thus, if any income as referred to in sub-section (2) to section 80P of the Act is included in the gross total income of the Assessee, the same shall be allowed as a deduction. It is pertinent to note that since the Assessee is registered under the Maharashtra Co-operative Societies Act, 1960, it is required to invest or deposit its funds in one of the modes provided in section 70 of the aforesaid Act, which includes investment or deposit of funds in the District Central Co-operative Bank or the State Cooperative Bank. Accordingly, the Assessee kept the deposits in Co-operative Banks registered under the Maharashtra Co-operative Societies Act and earned interest, which was claimed as a deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Act. The AO denied the deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Act on the basis that the Co-operative Bank is covered under the provisions of section 80P(4) of the Act. We find that the Hon’ble Supreme Court in Mavilayi Service Cooperative Bank Ltd. vs CIT, Calicut, [2021] 431 ITR 1 (SC) while analyzing the provisions of section 80P(4) of the Act held that section 80P(4) is a proviso to the main provision contained in section 80P(1) and (2) and excludes only Cooperative Banks, which are Co-operative Societies and also possesses a licence from RBI to do banking business. The Hon’ble Supreme Court further held that the limited object of section 80P(4) is to exclude Co-operative Banks that function at par with other commercial banks i.e. which lend money to members of the public. Thus, we are of the considered view that section 80P(4) of the Act is of relevance only in a case where the Assessee, who is a Co-operative Bank, claims a deduction under section 80P of the Act which is not the facts of the present case. Therefore, we find no merits in the aforesaid reasoning adopted by the AO and upheld by the learned CIT(A) in denying deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Act to the Assessee.
As regards the claim of deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Act, it is also pertinent to note that all Co-operative Banks are Co-operative Societies but vice versa is not true. We find that the coordinate benches of the Tribunal have consistently taken a view in favour of the Assessee and held that even the interest earned from the Co- operative Banks is allowable as a deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Act. In Kaliandas Udyog Bhavan Premises Coop Society Ltd vs ITO, in Mum./2017, vide order dated 25/04/2018, while dealing with the provisions of section 80P(2)(d) vis-à-vis section 80P(4) of the Act, the coordinate bench of the Tribunal observed as under: “7. ……Thus, from a perusal of the aforesaid Sec. 80P(2)(d) it can safely be gathered that income by way of interest income derived by an Assessee cooperative society from its investments held with any other cooperative society, shall be deducted in computing the total income of the Assessee. We may herein observe, that what is relevant for claim of deduction under Sec. 80P(2)(d) is that the interest income should have been derived from the investments made by the Assessee co-operative society with any other cooperative society. We though are in agreement with the observations of the lower authorities that with the insertion of Sub-section (4) of Sec. 80P, vide the Finance Act, 2006, with effect from 01.04.2007, the provisions of Sec. 80P would no more be applicable in relation to any co-operative bank, other than a primary agricultural credit society or a primary co-operative agricultural and rural development bank, but however, are unable to subscribe to their view (A.Y. 2021-22) Shree Raj Crystal Co-op. Housing Society Ltd. that the same shall also jeopardize the claim of deduction of a cooperative society under Sec. 80P(2)(d) in respect of the interest income on their investments parked with a co-operative bank. We have given a thoughtful consideration to the issue before us and are of the considered view that as long as it is proved that the interest income is being derived by a cooperative society from its investments made with any other cooperative society, the claim of deduction under the aforesaid statutory provision, viz. Sec. 80P(2)(d) would be duly available. We may herein observe that the term 'co-operative society' had been defined under Sec. 2(19) of the Act, as under: '(19) "Co-operative society" means a cooperative society registered under the Cooperative Societies Act, 1912 (2 of 1912), or under any other law for the time being in force in any state for the registration of co-operative societies;' We are of the considered view, that though the co-operative bank pursuant to the insertion of Sub-section (4) of Sec. 80P would no more be entitled for claim of deduction under Sec. 80P of the Act, but however, as a co-operative bank continues to be a co-operative society registered under the Cooperative Societies Act, 1912 (2 of 1912), or under any other law for the time being enforced in any state for the registration of co-operative societies, therefore, the interest income derived by a co-operative society from its investments held with a co-operative bank, would be entitled for claim of deduction under Sec.80P(2)(d) of the Act.”
We find that the learned CIT(A) has placed reliance upon the decision of the Hon‟ble Karnataka High Court in Pr.CIT v/s Totagars Co-operative Sales Society, [2017] 395 ITR 611 (Karn.), wherein it was held that interest earned by the Assessee, a Co-operative Society, from surplus deposits kept with a Cooperative Bank, was not eligible for deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Act. We find that in an earlier decision the Hon’ble Karnataka High Court in Pr.CIT v/s Totagars Co-operative Sales Society, [2017] 392 ITR 74 (Karn.) held that according to section 80P(2)(d) of the Act, the amount of interest earned from a Co-operative Society Bank would be deductible from the gross income of the Co-operative Society in order to assess its total income. Thus, there are divergent views of the same Hon’ble High Court on the issue of eligibility of deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Act in respect of interest earned from Co-operative Bank. No decision of the Hon’ble jurisdictional High Court was brought to our notice on this aspect. We have to, with our highest respect to both the views of the Hon'ble High Court, adopt an objective criterion for deciding as to which decision of the Hon'ble High Court should be followed by us. We find guidance from the judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in CIT v. Vegetable Products Ltd., [1972] 88 ITR 192. In the aforesaid decision, the Hon'ble Supreme Court has laid down a principle that "if two reasonable constructions of a taxing provisions are possible, that construction which favours the Assessee must be adopted".
Therefore, in view of the above, we uphold the plea of the Assessee and direct the AO to grant the deduction under section 80P(2)(d) of the Act to the Assessee in respect of interest income earned from investment with Cooperative Banks. Accordingly, we set aside the impugned order passed by the learned CIT(A) for the assessment year 2018-19. As a result, grounds raised
by the Assessee are allowed.”
5. Thus, in view of the aforesaid judgement, the assessee’s claim is liable to be allowed and therefore the deduction claimed by the assessee is allowed subject to verification by the JAO.
In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee is allowed. Order pronounced in the open court on 27.11.2025