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“unexplained cash credit”

Cash Credits & Unexplained ItemsSection 68Section 687,118 judgments

The decision most relied on for unexplained cash credit is Sumati Dayal v. CIT (214 ITR 801), cited in 1,967 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on unexplained cash credit

Sumati Dayal v. CIT
214 ITR 801 · 1995 · Supreme Court
1,967
citing judgments

The Revenue is entitled to look behind the apparent form of a transaction to discover its true nature, applying the test of human probabilities and surrounding circumstances. If transactions defy logic or are unnatural, they can be treated as bogus, even if supported by some documentation, especially in cases of cash credits or unexplained investments.

CIT v. Orissa Corporation Pvt. Ltd.
159 ITR 78 · 1986 · Supreme Court
897
citing judgments

When an assessee provides the identity and address of a creditor or investor for a cash credit or share capital under Section 68, the burden shifts to the Department to establish lack of genuineness or creditworthiness, requiring it to conduct further inquiries; mere non-compliance by third parties to summons cannot be the sole basis for an adverse inference against the assessee.

(Central)-1 v. NRA Iron & Steel (P) Ltd.
103 Taxmann.com 48 · 2019 · Supreme Court
696
citing judgments

When assessing cash credits, share capital, or loans, the assessee bears the onus to prove the identity, creditworthiness, and genuineness of transactions. This burden is not discharged merely by documentary evidence if field inquiries reveal accommodation entries or dealings with paper/shell companies.

Commissioner of Income Tax v. Nova Promoters and Finlease (P) Ltd.
342 ITR 169 · 2012 · High Court
658
citing judgments

To make an addition under Section 68 for unexplained cash credits, the Assessing Officer must conduct proper inquiry into the identity, genuineness, and creditworthiness of the creditor, especially concerning share application money. The assessee's initial discharge of burden by providing necessary details shifts the onus back to the AO for further investigation, including the source of source.

Kale Khan Mohammad Hanif v. CIT
50 ITR 1 · 1963 · Supreme Court
581
citing judgments

The assessee bears the onus of proving the source and nature of any sum of money or receipt found to have been received by them. If the assessee fails to satisfactorily explain the receipt, the Income-tax Officer is entitled to treat it as taxable income.

Lalchand Bhagat Ambica Ram v. CIT
37 ITR 288 · 1959 · Supreme Court
570
citing judgments

Where an assessee maintains regular books of account, and these books are not rejected or found defective by the Assessing Officer, any cash deposits or available cash shown in the cash book, if sufficient to cover the transaction, cannot be treated as unexplained income or an addition under sections 68 or 69A.

CIT v. Daulat Ram Rawatmull
87 ITR 349 · 1973 · Supreme Court
525
citing judgments

The onus to prove that an apparent transaction or explanation is not real lies with the person who claims it to be so. If an assessee provides a plausible explanation for a transaction, the revenue must establish that the apparent transaction is not genuine.

CIT v. P. Mohanakala
291 ITR 278 · 2007 · Supreme Court
525
citing judgments

The Supreme Court emphasized that in the absence of concrete rebuttal by the assessee, circumstantial evidence holds significant weight, applying the doctrine of preponderance of probability, particularly when assessing undisclosed income or unexplained cash credits.

Judgments citing unexplained cash credit

DCIT Central Circle-2(3), Mumbai vs. M/S. Sidh Granites Pvt. Ltd., Kolkata

ITA 996/MUM/2023[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai31 Aug 2023AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Amarjit Singh & Shri Sandeep Singh Karhaildcit, Central Circle-2(3) Vs. M/S Sidh Granites Pvt. Room No. 803, 8 Th Floor, Ltd., 2Nd Floor, Room No. Pratishtha Bhavan, 21, 155B, Rabindra (Annexe), M.K.Road, Sarahi Burra Bazar, Churchgate, Kolkata – 400007 Mumbai - 400020 स्थायी लेखा सं./जीआइआर सं./Pan/Gir No: Aaecs2639G Appellant .. Respondent [ Appellant By : Anil Kumar Das Respondent By : Vimal Punamiya Date Of Hearing 15.06.2023 Date Of Pronouncement 31.08.2023 आदेश / O R D E R Per Amarjit Singh (Am): This Appeal Filed By The Revenue Is Directed Against The Order Passed By The Ld. Cit(A)-48, Mumbai, Dated 06.01.2023 For A.Y. 2018- 19. The Revenue Has Raised The Following Grounds Before Us: “1. Whether, On The Facts & In The Circumstances Of The Case & In Law, The Ld. Cit (A) Has Erred In Deleting The Addition On Account Of Bogus Unsecured Loan Of Rs. 8,82,00,000/- Treated As Unexplained Cash Credit In The Books Of The Assessee U/S 68 Of The Act. 2. The Appellant Craves Leave To Add, Delete, Alter, Modify, Rectify, Substitute Or Otherwise Any Or All Of The Grounds Of Appeal At Or Before The Time Of Hearing Of The Appeal. 3. The Appellant, Therefore, Prays That On The Grounds Stated Above, The Order Of The Ld. Cit (A), Mumbai, May Be Set Aside & That Of The Assessing Officer Restored.”

For Appellant: Anil Kumar DasFor Respondent: Vimal Punamiya
Section 132Section 133(6)Section 133ASection 148Section 68

erred in deleting the addition on account of bogus unsecured loan of Rs. 8,82,00,000/- treated as unexplained cash credit in the books of the assessee u/s 68 of the Act. 2. The appellant craves leave to add, delete, alter, modify, rectify, substitute or otherwise ... circumstances of the issue involved and evidences brought on record by the AO/appellant, the addition of Rs. 8,82,00,000/- as unexplained cash credit u/s 68 of the IT. Act is unjustified and unsustainable. There are ample judicial authorities supporting the above conclusion, some of which are highlighted

J R Rice India Pvt. Ltd., Delhi vs. ACIT, Circle-13(1), New Delhi

In the result, the appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 2852/DEL/2022[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi31 Aug 2023AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Saktijit Dey, Vice- & Shri M. Balaganeshassessment Year: 2017-18 J.R. Rice India Pvt. Ltd., Vs Acit, 5593/94, Lahori Gate, Main Road, Circle-13(1), Naya Bazar, New Delhi. Delhi. Pan: Aaccj1734F (Appellants) (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri Suresh K. Gupta, Ca Revenue By : Shri Anuj Garg, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing : 10.05.2023 Date Of Pronouncement : 31.07.2023 Order Per M. Balaganesh, Am: This Appeal In Ita No.2852/Del/2022 For Ay 2017-18 Arise Out Of The Order Of The National Faceless Appeal Centre (Nfac) (Hereinafter Referred To As The ‘Ld. Cit(A)’) Dated 30.11.2022 In Din & Order No.Itba/Nfac/S/250/2022- 23/1047739597(1) Against The Order Of Assessment Passed U/S 143(3) Of The Income-Tax Act, 1961 (Hereinafter Referred To As ‘The Act’) Dated 27.12.2019 By The Assessing Officer, Circle-13(1), Delhi (Hereinafter Referred To As ‘Ld. Ao’). 2. The Only Effective Issue To Be Decided In This Appeal Is As To Whether The Ld.Cit(A) Was Justified In Confirming The Addition Made In The Sum Of Rs.52,60,000/- U/S 68 Of The Act R.W.S. 115Bbe Of The Act In Respect Of Cash Deposits Made During Demonetization Period, In The Facts & Circumstances Of The Instant Case.

For Appellant: Shri Suresh K. Gupta, CAFor Respondent: Shri Anuj Garg, Sr. DR
Section 143(3)Section 44ASection 68

make an addition of Rs.52,60,000/- in respect of cash deposits made in specified bank notes during the demonetization period as unexplained cash credit u/s 68 of the Act r.w.s. 115BBE of the Act. 4. It is not in dispute that the assessee company is maintaining regular books