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“opportunity of being heard”

Natural JusticeAudi Alteram PartemAudi Alteram Partem22,508 judgments

The decision most relied on for opportunity of being heard is CIT v. Multiplan India Ltd. (38 ITD 320), cited in 2,267 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on opportunity of being heard

CIT v. Multiplan India Ltd.
38 ITD 320 · 1991 · ITAT
2,267
citing judgments

An appeal before the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal can be dismissed for non-prosecution or treated as unadmitted when the appellant fails to appear, cooperate, or show diligence, in accordance with Rule 19(2) of the Income-tax (Appellate Tribunal) Rules. The law aids the vigilant, not those who sleep on their rights.

CIT v. B.N. Bhattacharya & Another
118 ITR 461 · 1997 · Supreme Court
1,656
citing judgments

Appealing a tax assessment requires more than just filing the appeal; it involves actively pursuing it. The assessee must effectively engage with the appellate process.

Rashmikant Kundalia v. Union of India
54 Taxmann.com 200 · 2015 · High Court
702
citing judgments

Section 234E, levying late fees for delayed filing of TDS statements under section 200(3), is constitutionally valid and constitutes a compensatory fee, not a punitive penalty. Before treating any person as an assessee-in-default, an opportunity of being heard must be provided.

Tin Box Company v. CIT
249 ITR 216 · 2001 · Supreme Court
624
citing judgments

When an issue is remitted to the Assessing Officer for fresh adjudication, the AO must conduct a de novo examination and provide the assessee a full opportunity of being heard. The assessee is bound to comply with the notices issued by the AO.

CIT v. Vikas Polymers
341 ITR 537 · 2012 · High Court
318
citing judgments

An assessment order is not erroneous and prejudicial under Section 263 merely because the Assessing Officer did not record an enquiry and its satisfactory answer in the assessment order, provided such an enquiry was conducted. For revision under Section 263, the Commissioner must also provide the assessee an opportunity of being heard and examine their explanation.

Commissioner of Income Tax Madras v. Chenniyappa Mudiliar
1 SCC 591 · 1985 · Reported
225
citing judgments

The appellate tribunal must render a proper decision on both facts and law, disposing of an appeal on its merits rather than dismissing it solely due to the appellant's absence. This obligation is derived from Section 33(4) of the Income Tax Act, 1922, and reflects principles of natural justice.

ITO v. M. Pirai Choodi
334 ITR 262 · 2011 · Supreme Court
211
citing judgments

If an assessee was denied an adequate opportunity of being heard, including the right to cross-examine a witness, the assessment should be set aside and restored for fresh adjudication after affording due opportunity, even if the assessee failed to appear at an appellate stage. The Tribunal, in the interest of justice, should ensure such matters are re-adjudicated.

Indian & Eastern Newspaper Society v. CIT
119 ITR 996 · 1979 · Supreme Court
205
citing judgments

An assessment cannot be reopened under Section 147/148 based on a mere change of opinion by the Assessing Officer on material already considered during the original assessment, clarifying the scope of 'escaped assessment'.

Judgments citing opportunity of being heard

Tara Hospitality Pvt Ltd, Office No A vs. Income Tax Officer 15(3)(1), Mumbai

In the result, the appeal of the assessee bearing ITA No

ITA 7445/MUM/2025[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai30 Jan 2026AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Anikesh Banerjee & Shri Makarand Vasant Mahadeokartara Hospitality Private Vs Income Tax Officer 15(3)(1), Limited Mumbai Office No.A-112 Plot No.53, Room No.456 Aayakar Bhawan, Sector-15Cbd Belapur Navi M.K. Road, Mumbai-400020 Mumbai-400614 Pan:Aaect7774K Appellant Respondent Assessee By : Shri Satyaprakash Singh, Ca Respondent By : Shri Ritesh Misra (Cit Dr) Date Of Hearing : 28/01/2026 Date Of Pronouncement : 30/01/2026 O R D E R Per: Anikesh Banerjee (Jm): The Instant Appeal Of The Assessee Filed Against The Order Of The Nfac, Delhi (For Brevity ‘The Ld. Cit(A), Order Passed Under Section 250 Of The Income Tax Act 1961 (For Brevity ‘The Act’) For Assessment Year 2018-19, Date Of Order 19.09.2025. The Impugned Order Emanated From The Order Of The National Eassessment Centre, Delhi (For Brevity The “Ld. Ao”), Order Passed Under Section 144 R.W.S. 144B Of The Act Date Of Order 23.04.2021. 2 Tara Hospitality Pvt. Ltd. 2. We Heard The Rival Submission & Considered The Documents Available In The Record. The Assessee Company Filed The Return By Admitting Loss Amount Of Rs.6,85,303/-. The Assessment Proceeding Was Initiated. During The Assessment Ld. Ao Found In Column No.31(A) Of The Audit Report For Form No.3Cd That Assessee Has Taken Loan From Three Different Parties Amount Of Rs.1,45,75,891/-. But Finally The Assessment Order Was Passed Ex Parte & The Unsecured Loan Amount Of Rs.1,45,75,891/- Was Added Back As Unexplained Cash Credit U/Sec. 68 Of The Act. Aggrieved Assessee Filed An Appeal Before The Ld. Cit(A). The Ld. Cit(A) Passed An Order Ex Parte & Uphold The Impugned Assessment Order. Being Aggrieved Assessee Filed An Appeal Before Us.

For Appellant: Shri Satyaprakash Singh, CAFor Respondent: Shri Ritesh Misra (CIT DR)
Section 144Section 250Section 68

considered view, it is evident that the appellate & assessment orders were passed ex parte and that the assessee was not afforded a reasonable opportunity of being heard. The denial of such opportunity amounts to a violation of the principles of natural justice. Therefore, we consider it appropriate to restore ... matter to the file of the Ld. AO for adjudication de novo, after granting the assessee a reasonable opportunity of being heard. The assessee shall also be permitted to file any additional evidence relevant to the appeal proceedings. We make no observation on the merits of the 3 Tara Hospitality

Bhushan Vasant Parelkar, Mumbai vs. Ward 41(2)(1), Mumbai

In the result, appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 6322/MUM/2025[2013-14]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai30 Jan 2026AY 2013-14

Bench: Smt Beena Pillai & Shri Girish Agrawalassessment Year: 2013-14 Bhushan Vasant Parelkar Income Tax Officer, A-204 Saikripa, Navghar Ward 41(2)(1), Road, Mulund East S.O, Vs Mumbai Mumbai - 400081 (Pan: Akdpp6556D) Appellant Respondent Present For: Appellant By : Shri Dharan Gandhi, Advocate Respondent By : Shri Bhagirath Ramawat, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing : 21.01.2026 Date Of Pronouncement : 30.01.2026 O R D E R Per Girish Agrawal: This Appeal Filed By The Assessee Is Against The Order Of Ld. Cit(A), National Faceless Appeal Centre (Nfac), Delhi, Vide Order No. Itba/Nfac/S/250/2025-26/1079866363(1), Dated 22.08.2025, Passed Against The Assessment Order By Ito, Ward-41(2)(1),, U/S. 147 Of The Income-Tax Act (Hereinafter Referred To As The “Act”), Dated 31.05.2023 For Assessment Year 2013-14. 2. Grounds Taken By The Assessee Are Reproduced As Under: “The Ld. Cit(A) Erred In Confirming The Action Of Ld. Ao Of Reopening The Assessment U/S 147 Although The Reopening Is Time Barred & Hence Bad In Law. Bhushan Vasant Parelkar Ay 2013-14

For Appellant: Shri Dharan Gandhi, AdvocateFor Respondent: Shri Bhagirath Ramawat, Sr. DR
Section 147Section 148Section 148ASection 149(1)(b)Section 50C

amendments is introduction of section 148A. Pursuant to section 148A, it is mandatory for the Assessing Officer to provide an opportunity of being heard to the assessee by serving a notice of show cause as to why the notice u/s. 148 should not be issued. Further, Assessing Officer is required ... specified authority, with respect to information which suggests that income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment. ii. He shall provide an opportunity of being heard to the assessee with the prior approval of the specified authority. iii. He shall consider the reply of the assessee furnished, if any in response