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“erroneous and prejudicial”

Rectification & RevisionSection 263Section 2633,136 judgments

The decision most relied on for erroneous and prejudicial is Malabar Industrial Co. Ltd. v. CIT (243 ITR 83), cited in 2,943 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on erroneous and prejudicial

Malabar Industrial Co. Ltd. v. CIT
243 ITR 83 · 2000 · Supreme Court
2,943
citing judgments

For revision under Section 263, the Assessing Officer's order must be both erroneous and prejudicial to the interests of the revenue; if either condition is not met, the revisionary jurisdiction cannot be invoked. An order is not erroneous merely because the Assessing Officer did not record the details of enquiries conducted, provided due enquiries were made.

CIT v. Max India Ltd.
295 ITR 282 · 2007 · Supreme Court
1,162
citing judgments

Under Section 263, an assessment order is not erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of the revenue merely because the Principal Commissioner disagrees with the Assessing Officer's (AO) view, particularly if the AO has adopted one of two permissible views in law, unless that view is completely unsustainable. If due inquiries were made, the AO's order does not become erroneous solely because the fact of inquiries was not recorded.

CIT v. Gabriel India Ltd.
203 ITR 108 · 1993 · High Court
990
citing judgments

The Commissioner cannot revise an assessment order under Section 263 merely because they hold a different opinion or believe a deeper inquiry was warranted if the Assessing Officer has applied their mind and conducted some inquiry. Revision under Section 263 is permissible only in cases of a complete lack of inquiry or non-application of mind by the Assessing Officer, not for merely inadequate inquiry.

CIT v. Sunbeam Auto Ltd.
332 ITR 167 · 2011 · High Court
897
citing judgments

The Commissioner cannot revise an assessment under Section 263 merely because the assessment order does not explicitly reflect an inquiry, or because the Commissioner holds a different opinion. An inquiry, even if considered inadequate, or an assessment based on a plausible view by the Assessing Officer after due examination, does not automatically make the order erroneous or prejudicial to the interests of the revenue.

Rampyari Devi Saraogi v. CIT
67 ITR 84 · 1968 · Supreme Court
616
citing judgments

An assessment order is erroneous and prejudicial to the Revenue's interests if the Assessing Officer accepts a sum offered as income by an assessee, even when that sum was not actually earned, thereby allowing revision under Section 263.

Gee Vee Enterprises v. Addl. CIT
99 ITR 375 · 1975 · High Court
543
citing judgments

An assessment order is erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of revenue if the Assessing Officer fails to make proper inquiries before accepting the assessee's statements or claims. The Commissioner can revise such an order under Section 263 without conducting further inquiries himself.

ITO v. D.G. Housing Projects Ltd.
343 ITR 329 · 2012 · High Court
438
citing judgments

For exercising revisional jurisdiction under Section 263, the Commissioner must first find that the Assessing Officer's order is erroneous and unsustainable in law, as this is a condition precedent. An order is not erroneous merely because two views are possible, or if the Commissioner disagrees with the Assessing Officer's permissible view, or to simply remit the matter for further enquiries.

CIT v. Vikas Polymers
341 ITR 537 · 2012 · High Court
318
citing judgments

An assessment order is not erroneous and prejudicial under Section 263 merely because the Assessing Officer did not record an enquiry and its satisfactory answer in the assessment order, provided such an enquiry was conducted. For revision under Section 263, the Commissioner must also provide the assessee an opportunity of being heard and examine their explanation.

Judgments citing erroneous and prejudicial

The Indian Hume Pipe Co Ltd, Mumbai vs. Principal Commissioner of Income Tax -1, Mumbai

In the result, both the appeals of the assessee are allowed

ITA 3262/MUM/2025[2021-22]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai30 Jun 2025AY 2021-22

Bench: Smt. Beena Pillai & Smt. Renu Jauhriआयकर अपील सुं./Ita No. 3261/Mum/2025 (नििाारण वर्ा / Assessment Year :2020-21) & आयकर अपील सुं./Ita No. 3262/Mum/2025 (नििाारण वर्ा / Assessment Year :2021-22) The Indian Hume Pipe Co. V/S. Pcit, Mumbai-1 Ltd. बिाम Room No. 330, 3 Rd Floor, 2Nd Floor, Construction Aayakar Bhavan, M. K. Expenses, Walchand Road, Mumbai, Hirachand Marg, Ballard Maharashtra-400020 Estate, Mumbai, Maharashtra-400001 स्थायी लेखा सं./जीआइआर सं./Pan/Gir No: Aaact4063D Appellant/अपीलार्थी .. Respondent/प्रनिवादी निर्ााररती की ओर से /Assessee By: Shri S. C. Tiwari & Ms. Navya Chilukumari राजस्व की ओर से /Revenue By: Mr. R. A. Dhyani

For Appellant: Shri S. C. Tiwari & Ms. NavyaFor Respondent: Mr. R. A. Dhyani
Section 143(3)Section 263

genuineness of construction expenses claimed by the assessee. Accordingly, the order u/s 263 was passed on 31.03.2025 holding the assessment order to be erroneous and prejudicial to the revenue as the same had been completed without undertaking verification of genuineness of the construction expenses. Vide this order, Ld. PCIT directed

The Indian Hume Pipe Co Ltd, Mumbai vs. Principal Commissioner of Income Tax -1, Mumbai

In the result, both the appeals of the assessee are allowed

ITA 3261/MUM/2025[2020-21]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai30 Jun 2025AY 2020-21

Bench: Smt. Beena Pillai & Smt. Renu Jauhriआयकर अपील सुं./Ita No. 3261/Mum/2025 (नििाारण वर्ा / Assessment Year :2020-21) & आयकर अपील सुं./Ita No. 3262/Mum/2025 (नििाारण वर्ा / Assessment Year :2021-22) The Indian Hume Pipe Co. V/S. Pcit, Mumbai-1 Ltd. बिाम Room No. 330, 3 Rd Floor, 2Nd Floor, Construction Aayakar Bhavan, M. K. Expenses, Walchand Road, Mumbai, Hirachand Marg, Ballard Maharashtra-400020 Estate, Mumbai, Maharashtra-400001 स्थायी लेखा सं./जीआइआर सं./Pan/Gir No: Aaact4063D Appellant/अपीलार्थी .. Respondent/प्रनिवादी निर्ााररती की ओर से /Assessee By: Shri S. C. Tiwari & Ms. Navya Chilukumari राजस्व की ओर से /Revenue By: Mr. R. A. Dhyani

For Appellant: Shri S. C. Tiwari & Ms. NavyaFor Respondent: Mr. R. A. Dhyani
Section 143(3)Section 263

genuineness of construction expenses claimed by the assessee. Accordingly, the order u/s 263 was passed on 31.03.2025 holding the assessment order to be erroneous and prejudicial to the revenue as the same had been completed without undertaking verification of genuineness of the construction expenses. Vide this order, Ld. PCIT directed

Binoy John, Trivandrum vs. Principal Commissioner of Income Tax (Central), Cochin, Cochin/Kochi

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee is dismissed on grounds of delay and latches

ITA 855/COCH/2024[2016-2017]Status: DisposedITAT Cochin27 Jun 2025AY 2016-2017

Bench: Shri Inturi Rama Rao, Am & Shri Prakash Chand Yadav, Jm Assessment Year: 2016-17 Binoy John .......... Appellant Tc 2/391, Puthnveetil, Ulloor, Medical College P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695011 [Pan: Acppj3562K] Vs. Pr. Commissioner Of Income Tax .......... Respondent Central, Cochin Appellant By: Shri R. Krishnan, Ca Respondent By: Shri Sundarasan S., Cit-Dr Date Of Hearing: 21.05.2025 Date Of Pronouncement: 27.06.2025 O R D E R Per: Inturi Rama Rao, Am This Appeal Filed By The Assessee Is Directed Against The Order Of The Principal Commissioner Of Income Tax (Central), Cochin (Pr. Cit) Dated 25.03.2024 For Assessment Year (Ay) 2016-17. 2. Brief Facts Of The Case Are That The Appellant Is A Doctor Deriving Income Under The Head ‘Salary’ & Also A Director In The Company Credence Hospital Pvt. Ltd., Thiruvananthapuram. No Regular Return Of Income For Ay 2016-17 Was Filed By The Appellant. Subsequently, Based On The Information Received From The Acit

For Appellant: Shri R. Krishnan, CAFor Respondent: Shri Sundarasan S., CIT-DR
Section 148Section 2(22)(e)Section 263Section 5

returned income. Subsequently, on review of the assessment order the ld. Pr.CIT, Central, Kochi formed an opinion that the assessment order is erroneous and prejudicial to the interests of Revenue for the failure of the AS to examine the issue of deemed dividend

Ct. Ramanathan (HUF), Pudukkottai vs. PCIT 1, Madurai

Appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 761/CHNY/2025[2020-21]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai25 Jun 2025AY 2020-21

Bench: Hon’Ble Shri Manu Kumar Giri & Hon’Ble Shri S.R. Raghunathaआयकर अपील सं./Ita No.761/Chny/2025 Assessment Years: 2020-21 C.T.Ramanathan(Huf), Income Tax Officer, No.7/45, Ct.Rm.S.House, M.St.S. Street Ward-1, Kulipirai, Pudukottai Dist, Pudukottai. Tamil Nadu-622 402. [Pan: Aaahc0701L] (प्रत्यर्थी/Respondent) (अपीलार्थी/Appellant) अपीलार्थी की ओर से/ Assessee By : Mr.V.Subbarayan, Dcit(Retd.) प्रत्यर्थी की ओर से /Revenue By : Mr.M.K.Biju, Cir Dr By Virtual. सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 03.06.2025 घोषणा की तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement : 25.06.2025 आदेश / O R D E R

For Appellant: Mr.V.Subbarayan, DCIT(Retd.)For Respondent: Mr.M.K.Biju, CIR DR by virtual
Section 143(3)Section 263Section 3

taken one of the plausible views which the Ld. PCTT does not agree with, it cannot be treated as erroneous order prejudicial to the interest of revenue, unless the view taken by the Ld. AO is unsustainable in law. 13. We may refer recent judgment of the Hon’ble Delhi ... Section 263 of the Act delineates certain conditions and circumstances when the order passed by the AO can be said to be erroneous and prejudicial to the Revenue. 20. Clause (a) of Explanation 2 to Section 263 of the Act further stipulates that if an order is passed without making