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“wholly and exclusively for business”

Business ExpensesSection 37Section 37265 judgments

The decision most relied on for wholly and exclusively for business is Hero Cycles Pvt. Ltd. v. CIT (379 ITR 347), cited in 361 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on wholly and exclusively for business

Hero Cycles Pvt. Ltd. v. CIT
379 ITR 347 · 2015 · Supreme Court
361
citing judgments

The Revenue cannot substitute its judgment for that of a businessman regarding the necessity or reasonableness of an expenditure. If an expense is incurred wholly and exclusively for business purposes, it is deductible, and the Revenue cannot question its commercial expediency.

Indian Molasses Co. Pvt. Ltd. v. CIT
37 ITR 66 · 1959 · Supreme Court
206
citing judgments

Expenditure is defined as money paid out or away, which is gone irretrievably. To be deductible under Section 37(1), expenditure must be wholly and exclusively for business, not capital or personal, and not fall under specific provisions of Sections 30 to 36, often justifiable on grounds of commercial expediency.

CIT v. Dhanrajgirji Raja Narasingirji
91 ITR 544 · 1973 · Supreme Court
154
citing judgments

The revenue cannot question the commercial expediency or wisdom of an expenditure incurred by a businessman, as the businessman is the best judge of their own business interests. The department's role is limited to verifying if the expenditure was genuinely incurred and was wholly and exclusively for business purposes.

Sree Meenakshi Mills Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income Tax
31 ITR 28 · 1957 · Supreme Court
137
citing judgments

Expenditure incurred for commercial expediency, even without a direct or immediate benefit but indirectly facilitating business, is deductible as laid out wholly and exclusively for trade. The scope of reference jurisdiction under Section 66 is limited to questions of law, allowing challenges to Tribunal findings of fact only if they are perverse, unreasonable, or lack evidence.

Prakash Cotton Mills Pvt. Ltd. v. CIT
201 ITR 684 · 1993 · Supreme Court
133
citing judgments

Compensatory interest or damages paid for a breach of contract, arising in the normal course of business, are allowable as a deduction under section 37(1) as wholly and exclusively incurred for business purposes. This principle extends to indirect taxes paid in the course of business, which are admissible as business expenditure.

CIT v. Nestle India Ltd.
14 Taxmann 99 · 1983 · High Court
125
citing judgments

Club entrance fees, if incurred wholly and exclusively for business purposes, are allowable as revenue expenditure under Section 37(1). Furthermore, an order holding a deductor liable for TDS defaults under Section 201 must be preceded by an inquiry into the deductee's actual tax payment.

Lachminarayan Madan Lal v. CIT
86 ITR 439 · 1972 · Supreme Court
96
citing judgments

Even with an existing agreement, the deductibility of an amount claimed as an expenditure, such as commission, must be decided based on the specific facts and circumstances of each case, to ascertain if it was laid out wholly and exclusively for business purposes.

Haji Aziz & Abdul Shakoor Bros. v. CIT
41 ITR 350 · 1961 · Supreme Court
69
citing judgments

Penalties paid for a breach of law or contravention of statutory provisions are not allowable deductions as business expenditure because they cannot be considered wholly and exclusively laid out for the purpose of the business. This principle is now enshrined in Explanation 1 to Section 37(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Judgments citing wholly and exclusively for business

Ramanlal Jivrajbhai Patel, Thane vs. The Income Tax Officer, Ward-1, Himatnagar

In the result, the appeal filed by the Assessee is partly allowed

ITA 515/AHD/2024[2016-17]Status: DisposedITAT Ahmedabad11 Jun 2024AY 2016-17

Bench: Shri Siddhartha Nautiyal & Shri Makarand V. Mahadeokar, Accountnat Member Assessment Year : 2016-17 Ramanlal Jivrajbhai Patel The Ito B-2003, Shreeji Heights Vs Ward-1 (Palm Beach Road, Navi Mumbai – Himatnagar Thane, Nerul Node –Iii So) Sector 46A, Plot No.1, 1A, 1B, 1C Thane 400 706 Maharashtra Pan: Abcpp 1551 G .. अपीलाथ"/ (Appellant) "" यथ"/ (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri B.K. Patel, Ca Revenue By : Shri Ketan Gajjar, Sr.Dr सुनवाई क" तार"ख/Date Of Hearing : 06/06/2024 घोषणा क" तार"ख /Date Of Pronouncement: 11/06/2024 आदेश/O R D E R Per Makarand V. Mahadeokarthis Appeal By The Assessee Is Directed Against The Order Dated 20/02/2024 Passed By The Ld.Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals)- Nfac, Delhi [Hereinafter Referred To As 'The Ld. Cit(A)'] In The Matter Of Assessment Order Passed By The Assessing Officer [Hereinafter Referred To As 'The Ao’] Under Section 143(3) Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 (Hereinafter Referred To As 'The Act') For The Assessment Year (Ay) 2016-17. Facts Of The Case: Ramanlal Jivrajbhai Patel Vs. Ito Asst. Year : 2016-17

For Appellant: Shri B.K. Patel, CAFor Respondent: Shri Ketan Gajjar, Sr.DR
Section 143(2)Section 143(3)Section 28Section 37(1)Section 80C

earn business income is allowable expenditure u/s. 37(1) as per Income Tax Act, 1961. Such expenditure was incurred for wholly and exclusively for business purpose only. 2. The Learned CIT(A) has erred in law and on facts as much as confirming the addition of Rs.2,70,507/- made ... incurred for earning business income, which is allowable expenditure u/s. 37(1) as per Income Tax Act, 1961. Such expenditures incurred for wholly and exclusively for business purpose only. 4.1. Therefore, it is prayed that such additions need to be deleted by passing appropriate order. Further, the assessee craves leave

Highpoint Properties Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai vs. Assistant Commissioner of Income-Tax Cir. No.1(1)(2), Mumbai

ITA 4830/MUM/2023[2017-2018]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai29 May 2024AY 2017-2018

Bench: Shri Amit Shukla & Shri Ratnesh Nandan Sahayassessment Year: 2017-18 Highpoint Properties Pvt. Ltd. Assistant Commissioner Of 41-44, Sp Centre, Income -Tax Cir. No. 1(1)(2), Minoo Desai Marg, Room No. 533, Vs. 5Th Floor, Colaba, Mumbai- 400005. Aayakar Bhavan, Maharishi Karve Road, Pan: Aabch6197D Mumbai- 400020. (Appellant) (Respondent) Present For: Assessee By : Shri Rahul Hakani, A.R. Revenue By : Shri P. D. Chougule, Addl. Cit, Sr. D.R. Date Of Hearing : 15 . 05 . 2024 Date Of Pronouncement : 29 . 05 . 2024 O R D E R Per: Ratnesh Nandan Sahay: 1. This Appeal Has Been Filed By The Appellant Against The Order Of The Ld. Cit (Appeals) Passed U/S. 250 Of The Income Tax Act [The „Act‟ In Short] Vide Din & Order No. Itba /Nfac/S/250/2023-24/1057510282(1) Dated 30/10/2023 For The Assessment Year 2017-18. 2 Highpoint Properties Pvt. Ltd.

For Appellant: Shri Rahul Hakani, A.RFor Respondent: Shri P. D. Chougule, Addl. CIT, Sr. D.R
Section 115JSection 143(2)Section 14ASection 250Section 37(1)Section 57

hearing and without appreciating that the business is set-up and had commenced in earlier year and said interest expense is incurred wholly and exclusively for business purposes and hence, the interest expense of Rs 42,71,24,908/- may be directed to be allowed as a deduction ... hearing and without appreciating that the business is set-up and had commenced in earlier year and said expense is incurred wholly and exclusively for business purposes and are necessary for maintaining the corporate structure and hence, the other expense of Rs 1,00,836/- may be allowed