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“unexplained expenditure”

Cash Credits & Unexplained ItemsSection 69CSection 69C3,276 judgments

The decision most relied on for unexplained expenditure is CIT v. Bholanath Poly Fab. Pvt. Ltd. (355 ITR 290), cited in 712 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on unexplained expenditure

CIT v. Bholanath Poly Fab. Pvt. Ltd.
355 ITR 290 · 2013 · High Court
712
citing judgments

If an assessee makes purchases from bogus parties, but the underlying goods are genuinely acquired and sold, only the profit margin embedded in such purchases, and not the entire value of the bogus purchases, should be added to the assessee's income.

Vijay Proteins Ltd. v. Asst. CIT
58 ITD 428 · 1996 · ITAT
430
citing judgments

Where purchases are found to be non-genuine or fictitious, a reasonable disallowance of 25% of such purchases or the peak credit, whichever is higher, can be made. This is applied to address unexplained expenditure under Section 69C when actual goods are likely procured from the grey market.

Nikunj Eximp Enterprises v. CIT
216 Taxmann 171 · 2013 · High Court
325
citing judgments

Purchases may be treated as genuine even if the purchase parties are untraceable or not available for verification, as long as there is no specific evidence from the parties themselves denying the transactions or proving them to be bogus.

CIT v. M.K. Brothers
163 ITR 249 · 1987 · High Court
262
citing judgments

Mere non-production of a party or their denial of a transaction is insufficient to treat a payment as non-genuine if it is duly recorded in books and made through banking channels. Once the assessee furnishes relevant documentation, the burden shifts to the Assessing Officer to prove the transaction is not genuine.

N.K. Proteins Ltd. v. DCIT
84 Taxmann.com 195 · 2017 · Supreme Court
204
citing judgments

When purchases are found to be entirely bogus and based on fictitious invoices from non-existent or unconfirmed suppliers, the entire amount of such purchases is liable to be added back as unexplained expenditure, not merely a percentage thereof.

CIT v. La Medica
250 ITR 575 · 2001 · High Court
150
citing judgments

When purchases are shown to be non-genuine, the entire amount is to be disallowed as unexplained expenditure under section 69C, irrespective of whether the goods were procured from alternative sources.

Vijay Proteins Ltd. v. CIT
58 Taxmann.com 44 · 2015 · High Court
140
citing judgments

When an assessee makes alleged bogus or hawala purchases but subsequently makes genuine sales from those purchases, the addition to income should be restricted only to the estimated profit embedded in such transactions, not the entire purchase value.

N.K. Industries Ltd. v. DCIT
72 Taxmann.com 289 · 2016 · High Court
127
citing judgments

When there is a categorical finding that purchases are bogus and from fictitious suppliers, the Assessing Officer is justified in making a 100% addition of the bogus purchase amount under Section 69C, rather than restricting the disallowance to merely the profit margin. This position has been upheld by the Supreme Court through the dismissal of the assessee's SLP.

Judgments citing unexplained expenditure

Darshan Shaileshkumar Kothari, Bhavnagar vs. The Dy.CIT., Circle-1(1), Ahmedabad

In the result, the appeal of the assessee is allowed for statistical purposes

ITA 151/AHD/2024[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Ahmedabad12 Feb 2025AY 2018-19

Bench: Mrs. Annapurna Gupta & Shri Siddhartha Nautiyal"नधा"रणवष"/Assessment Year: 2018-19 Vs. Darshan Shaileshkumar Kothari, Deputy Commissioner Of 0 Near Jain Upashray, Income-Tax, Limbda, Bhavnagar, Circle 1(1), Gujarat-364240 Bhavnagar [Pan : Eebpk 5909 F] अपीलाथ"/ अपीलाथ"/ (Appellant) अपीलाथ"/ अपीलाथ"/ " य " यथ"/ " य " य थ"/ थ"/ (Respondent) थ"/ Assessee By : Shri Parimal Sinh B. Parmar, Ar Revenue By : Adjournment Application Filed सुनवाई क$ तार"ख/Date Of Hearing : 21.11.2024 सुनवाई क$ तार"ख सुनवाई क$ तार"ख सुनवाई क$ तार"ख घोषणा क$ तार"ख /Date Of Pronouncement: 12.02.2025 घोषणा क$ तार"ख / घोषणा क$ तार"ख / घोषणा क$ तार"ख / आदेश/O R D E R आदेश/ आदेश/ आदेश/ Per Siddhartha Nautiyal:

For Appellant: Shri Parimal Sinh B. Parmar, ARFor Respondent: Adjournment application filed
Section 250Section 270ASection 271ASection 68Section 69C

deemed commission. 5. The Ld. CIT(A) has erred in law and on facts in confirming the disallowance of Rs.20,00,000/- as unexplained expenditure u/s. 69C of the Act. 6. The Ld. CIT(A) has erred in law and on facts in confirming the disallowance of Rs.15 ... unexplained expenditure u/s. 69C of the Act. 7. The Ld. CIT(A) has erred both in law and on the facts of the case in confirming the addition in spite of the fact that the Ld. AO did not appreciate necessary supporting documents produced by the Appellant in support

Rambilash Rajaram Jajoo, Surat vs. Income Tax Officer Ward-2(2)(4), Surat

ITA 552/SRT/2024[2011-12]Status: DisposedITAT Surat10 Feb 2025AY 2011-12

Bench: Shri Pawan Singh & Shri Bijayananda Prusethआयकर अपील सं./Ita No. 552/Srt/2024 (Ay 2011-12) Rambilash Rajaram Jajoo (Physical Court Hearing) 429-432, Golden Point, Falsawadi, Ring Road, Surat City, Surat-395 002 [Pan : Aampj 0040 K] अपीलार्थी/Appellant Vs Income Tax Officer, Ward- 2(2)(4), Aaykar Bhawan, Majura Gate, Opp. New Civil Hospital, Surat-395 001 प्रत्यर्थी / Respondent आयकर अपील सं./Ita No. 882/Srt/2024 (Ay 2011-12) Sunita Jajoo 429-432, Golden Point, Near Bsnl Office, Falsawadi, Ring Road, Surat-395 002 [Pan: Aampj 0040 K] बनाम Vs Income Tax Officer, Ward- 2(2)(4), Aaykar Bhawan, Majura Gate, Opp. New Civil Hospital, Surat-395 001 अपीलार्थी/Appellant प्रत्यर्थी / Respondent निर्धारिती की ओर से /Assessee By Ms. Richa Toshniwal. Ca राजस्व की ओर से /Revenue By Shri Minal Kamble, Sr. Dr सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing 23.01.2025 उद्घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement 10.02.2025 Order Under Section 254(1) Of Income Tax Act Per Pawan Singh: 1. These Two Appeals By Separate Assessee Are Directed Against The Separate Orders Of Addl/Jcit(A)-7, Kolkata/National Faceless Appeal Centre, Delhi [For Short To As "Nfac/Ld.Cit(A)] Dated 21.03.2024 & 21.04.2023 For Same

Section 143(3)Section 147Section 148Section 254(1)Section 68Section 69C

subject, the learned CIT(A) has erred in confirming action of Assessing Office in making addition of Rs.3,406/- as unexplained expenditure u/s 69C of the I.T. Act, 1961. 5. It is therefore prayed that addition made by the Assessing Officer and confirmed by CIT(A) may please be deleted ... written submission. The Ld. AR of the assessee submits that Assessing Officer also made addition of commission income @ 0.5% on LTCG for making against unexplained expenditure, which is also liable to be deleted. 4. On the other hand, Ld. Senior Departmental Representative (Ld. CIT-DR) for the Revenue supported