ARUN POPAT KUSALKAR,PUNE vs. DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME-TAX, CPC, BANGALURU

IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL ‘A’ BENCH, PUNE BEFORE SHRI INTURI RAMA RAO, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER AND SHRI PARTHA SARATHI CHAUDHURY, JUDICIAL MEMBER

Sr.No. ITA No. A.Y. Appellant Respondent 1. 19/UN/2022 2018-19 Deesha Facility The Asstt. D.I.T. Management Pvt. Ltd. CPC, Bangaluru Sr.No. 33, PL C 9 1, Rajmudra Society, Dhankawdi, Pune PAN: AAFCD 5183 P 2. 34/PUN/2022 2019-20 Millenium Engineers & The Dy. CIT Contractors Ltd. Central Circle 1(3) 501-504, 5th floor, Pune. Elite Transbay S.No. 3, Opp. SKPCampus, Balegwadi, Pune-411 045 PAN: AABCM 8432 E 3. 38/PUN/2022 2018-19 Arun Popat Kusalkar The Dy. CIT, CPC, Near Shah Petrol Bangaluru pump, Nanekarkwadi, Chakan, Pune-411 501 PAN: AVKPK 8310Q 4. 39/PUN/2022 2018-19 Inox Air Products Pvt. The Dy. CIT Circle Ld., Office No. 4, 1st 1(1) Pune. floor, Solitair, Nar Aga Khan Palace, Nagar Road, Pune-411014 PAN: AAACI 5569D 5. 40/PUN/2022 2018-19 Amit Dilip Gandhi, The I.T.O. Ward 320-11 Sarthak 2(2) Pune. Bunglow, Dhore Naga, Old Sangvi, Pune. PAN: AIHPG 8593 K 6. 58/PUN/2022 2019-20 Anuja Sanjay The Dy. CIT CPC, Mahajan, Plot No. 8 & Bangaluru 9, Gat No. 890/9, Behind Glaxy Sugar Opp. MIDC, Shiroli, Kolhapur – 416 122 PAN: AIIPM1142P 7. 82/PUN/2022 2018-19 Manjusha Anil Lodha The Dy. CIT CPC, L/H of Late Shi Anil Bangaluru Bansilal Lodha, Mangal Bhawan, Opp. Swami Vivekanand School, Panchavati Karanja, Nasik PAN:The dy. CIT CPC, Bangaluru 8. 83/PUN/2022 2018-19 Anand Construwell The Dy. CIT CPC, Pvt. Ltd. Bangaluru

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Ramchandra Apartment, Makhamalabad Naka, Nasik PAN: AAFCA 7736 H 9. 91/PUN/2022 2018-19 Jamuna Infraproducts The Asstt. CIT Cir. Pvt. Ltd. 1, Nashik Flat No. 13, 14, 15, Sai Plaz complex, Above ICICI Bank, Near Datta Mandir Signal, Nasik Road, Nashik 422 101 PAN: AACCJ 5951 E 10. 92/PUN/2022 2019-20 -do- -do- 11. 102/PUN/2022 2018-19 Deepak Eknath The I.T.O. Wad 1, Fulambrikar, Bajaj Jalna Nagar, Aurangbd Road, Jalna 431 203 PAN: AAAPF 8849G Appellants by : 1. Shri B.K. Mane 2. Shri C.H. Naniwadekar 3. Shri Manoj V. Deshpande 4. Shri Shri C.H. Naniwadekar 5. Mrs. J.R. Chandekar 6. Shri Abhay Avchat 7 & 8 : None 9 & 10 : Shri Sanket Joshi 11. Shri S.N. Puranik Respondents : Shri Ramnath P. Murkunde Date of Hearing : 29-11-2022 Date of Pronouncement : 29-11-2022

ORDER PER PARTHA SARATHI CHAUDHURY, JUDICIAL MEMBER These appeals preferred by different assessees emanates from respective orders of the National Faceless Appeal Centre (NFAC) Delhi/CIT(A), Pune, for the assessment years as mentioned in the captioned appeals, against the confirmation of disallowance u/s 36(1)(va) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (hereinafter referred to as ―the Act‖) made in the Intimations issued u/s 143(1) of the Act or thereafter its confirmation in the respective rectification orders for the A.Ys. 2018-19 and 2019-20. Due to commonness of the issue,

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we are proceeding to dispose this batch of appeals through a consolidated order for the sake of convenience.

―3. We have heard Sh. Pramod Singte, Ms. Deepa Khare, Sh. Sanket Joshi, Sh. Sharad A. Vaze, Sh. Mahavir Jain, Sh. M.K. Kulkarni, Sh. S.N. Puranik and Sh. Burhanuddin Vora (hereinafter commonly referred to as `the ld. AR‘) and Sh. Suhas Kulkarni, the ld. Departmental Representative (DR). It is undisputed that the audit report filed by the assessee indicated the due dates of payment to the relevant funds under the respective Acts relating to employee‘s share and the said amounts were deposited by the assessee beyond such due dates but before the filing of the return u/s 139(1) of the Act. The case of the assessee before the authorities below has been that such payments before the due date as per section 139(1) of the Act amounts to sufficient compliance of the provisions in terms of section 43B of the Act, not calling for any disallowance. Per contra, the Department has set up a case that the disallowance is called for because of the per se late deposit of the employees‘ share beyond the due date under the respective Act and section 43B is of no assistance. 4. Before proceeding further, it would be apposite to take note of the relevant statutory provision in this regard. Section 2(24) provides that `income‘ includes: `(x) any sum received by the assessee from his employees as contributions to any provident fund or superannuation fund or any fund set up under the provisions of the Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948 (34 of 1948), or any other fund for the welfare of such employees‘. Thus, contribution by employees to the relevant funds becomes income of the employer. Instantly, there is no dispute as to the taxability of such income in the hands of the assessee. Once such an amount becomes income of the employer-assessee, then section 36(1)(va) comes into play for providing the deduction. This provision provides that: `(va) any sum received by the assessee from any of his employees to which the provisions of sub-clause (x) of clause (24) of section 2 apply, if such sum is credited by the assessee to the employee's account in the relevant fund or funds on or before the due date.‘. The term `due date’ for the purposes of this clause has been defined in Explanation 1 to this provision to mean: `the date by which the assessee is required as an employer to credit an employee's contribution to the employee's account in the relevant fund under any Act, rule, order or notification issued thereunder or under any standing order, award, contract of service or otherwise.‘ Thus, it is axiomatic that deposit of the employees‘ share of the relevant funds before the due date under the respective Acts is sine qua non for claiming the deduction. Au Contraire, if the contribution of the employees to the relevant funds is not deposited by the employer before the due date under the respective etc., then the deduction u/s.36(1)(va) is lost notwithstanding the fact that the share of the employees had already crystallized as income of the employer u/s.2(24)(x) of the Act. 5. Adverting to the facts of the case, it is seen that the assessee claimed the deduction for the employees‘ share for depositing the same in the relevant funds beyond the due date as given in Explanation 1 to section 36(1)(va) on the strength of section 43B. The latter section opens with a non-obstante clause and provides that a deduction otherwise allowable in respect of: `(b) any sum payable by the assessee as an employer by way of contribution to any provident fund or superannuation fund or gratuity fund or any other fund for the welfare of employees‘ shall be allowed only in that previous year in which such sum is

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actually paid. The first proviso to section 43B states that: `nothing contained in this section shall apply in relation to any sum which is actually paid by the assessee on or before the due date applicable in his case for furnishing the return of income under sub-section (1) of section 139 in respect of the previous year in which the liability to pay such sum was incurred as aforesaid and the evidence of such payment is furnished by the assessee along with such return.‘ The main provision of section 43B, providing for the deduction only on actual payment basis, has been relaxed by the proviso so as to enable the deduction even if the payment is made before the due date of furnishing the return u/s 139(1) of the Act for that year. The claim of the assessee is that the deduction becomes available in the light of section 36(1)(va) read with section 43B on depositing the employees‘ share in the relevant funds before the due date u/s 139(1) of the Act. This position was earlier accepted by some of the Hon‘ble High Courts holding that the deduction is allowed even if the assessee deposits the employees‘ share in the relevant funds before the date of filing of return u/s.139(1) of the Act. This was on the analogy of treating the employee‘s share as having the same character as that of the employer‘s share, becoming deductible u/s 36(1)(iv) read in the hue of section 43B(b). Recently, the Hon‘ble Supreme Court in Checkmate Services P. Ltd. & Ors. VS. CIT & Ors. (2022) 448 ITR 518 (SC) has threadbare considered this issue and drawn a distinction between the parameters for allowing deduction of employer‘s share and employees‘ share in the relevant funds. It has been held that the contribution by the employees to the relevant funds is the employer‘s income u/s.2(24)(x), but the deduction for the same can be allowed only if such amount is deposited in the employee‘s account in the relevant fund before the date stipulated under the respective Acts. The hitherto view taken by some of the Hon‘ble High Courts in allowing deduction even where the amount was deposited in the employee‘s account before the time allowed u/s.139(1), ergo, got overturned. The net effect of this Apex Court judgment is that the deduction u/s.36(1)(va) can be allowed only if the employees‘ share in the relevant funds is deposited by the employer before the due date stipulated in respective Acts and further that the due date u/s.139(1) of the Act is alien for this purpose. 6. There is no quarrel that the enunciation of law by the Hon‘ble Supreme Court is always declaratory having the effect and application ab initio, being, the date of insertion of the provision, unless a judgment is categorically made prospectively applicable. The ld. AR candidly admitted that this judgment will equally apply to the disallowance u/s.36(1)(va) anent to all earlier years as well for the assessments completed u/s.143(3) of the Act. He, however, accentuated the fact that the instant batch of appeals involves the disallowance made u/s.143(1) of the Act. It was argued that no prima facie adjustment can be made in the Intimation issued u/s 143(1) of the Act unless a case is covered within the specific four corners of the provision. It was stressed that the action of the AO in making the extant disallowance does not fall in any of the clauses of section 143(1). 7. We fully agree with the proposition bolstered by the ld. AR that adjustment to the total income or loss can be made only in the terms indicated specifically u/s.143(1) of the Act. Now, we proceed to examine if the case falls under any of the clauses. The rival parties are consensus ad idem that the case can be considered as falling either under clause (ii) or (iv) of section 143(1). For ready reference, we are extracting the relevant provision as under: ‗143. (1) Where a return has been made under section 139, or in response to a notice under sub-section (1) of section 142, such return shall be processed in the following manner, namely:— (a) the total income or loss shall be computed after making the following adjustments, namely:— (ii) an incorrect claim, if such incorrect claim is apparent from any information in the return; (iv) disallowance of expenditure or increase in income indicated in the audit report but not taken into account in computing the total income in the return‘

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envelopes both the direct and indirect reporting. Even if there is some indication of disallowance in the audit report, which is short of direct reporting of the disallowance, the case gets covered within the purview of the provision warranting the disallowance. However, the indication must be clear and not vague. If the indication in the audit report gives a clear picture of the violation of a provision, there can be no escape from disallowance. Turning to the facts of the case, it is clear from the mandate of section 36(1)(va) that the employees‘ share in the relevant funds must be deposited before the due date under the respective Acts. If the audit report mentions the due date of payment and also the actual date of payment with specific reference in column no. 20(b) having heading: `Details of contributions received from employees for various funds as referred to in section 36(1)(va)‘, it is an apparent indication of the disallowance of expenditure u/s 36(1)(va) in the audit report in a case where the actual date of payment is beyond the due date. Though the audit report clearly indicated that there was a delay in the deposit of the employees‘ share in the relevant funds, which was in contravention of the prescription of u/s.36(1)(va), the assessee chose not to offer the disallowance in computing the total income in the return, which rightly called for the disallowance in terms of section 143(1)(a) of the Act. 11. The ld. AR vehemently argued that it was a case of ―increase in income‖ which has been enshrined in clause (iv) of section 143(1)(a) w.e.f. 01-04-2021 and hence cannot be take note of for the year under consideration. In our considered opinion, the contention is ill-founded. We have noted above that clause (iv) of section 143(1)(a) talks of two different limbs, namely, `disallowance of expenditure‘ and `increase in income‘ by means of indication in the audit report. Both the limbs are independent of each other. The indication in the audit report for `Increase of income‘ should be qua some item of income and not increase of income because of the `disallowance of expenditure‘. Every disallowance of expenditure leads to increase of income. If the contention of the ld. AR is taken to a logical conclusion, then the second expression `or increase in income‘ inserted by the Finance Act, 2021 would be rendered a redundant piece of legislation. It is trite interpretation has to be given to the statutory provisions in such a manner that no part of the Act is rendered nugatory. Distinction in the scope of the two aspects can be understood with the help of the present context only. We have noted that point no. 20(b) of the audit report, dealing with section 36(1)(va), has columns, inter alia, (i) `Sum received from employees‘; (ii) `Due date for payment‘; and (iii) `The actual date of payment to the concerned authorities‘. The column (i) having details of the amounts received from employees indicates about the `increase in income‘ as per sub-clause (iv) of section 143(1)(a) if the assessee does not take this sum in computing total income. The columns (ii) and (iii) having details of due date for payment and the actual date of payment indicate about `disallowance of expenditure‘ if the assessee does not make suo motu disallowance in computing total income. Right now, there is no case of `increase in income‘ because the AO did not make adjustment for non-offering of income of the `Sums received from employees‘, but made the adjustment for `disallowance of expenditure‘ with the remarks that :`Amounts debited to the profit and loss account, to the extent disallowance under section 36 due to non-fulfillment of conditions specified in relevant clauses‘. Thus, it is evident that it is a case of `disallowance of expenditure‘ and not `increase of income‘. Further, the entire challenge by the assessee throughout has been to the disallowance of expenditure made by the AO. It set up a case before the authorities below, including the ld. CIT(A), taking shelter of section 43B of the Act by arguing that the disallowance cannot be made because such payment was made before the due date u/s.139(1) of the Act. As such, the contention of adjustment u/s 143(1)(a)(iv) due to `increase in income‘ is jettisoned. 12. Another argument point was put forth on behalf of the assessee that the assessee did not claim any deduction in the Profit and loss account of the amount under consideration and hence no disallowance should have been made. This argument is again bereft of force. The assessee claimed deduction for salary on gross basis, inclusive of the employees‘ share to the relevant funds. To put it simply, if gross salary is of Rs.100, out of which a sum of Rs.10 has been deducted as contribution to relevant fund, then the debit of Rs.100 in the Profit

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and loss account means deduction has been claimed for Rs.10 as well. Ex consequenti, if deduction of Rs.10 is not allowed u/s 36(1)(va) for late deposit of the amount before the due date under the respective Act, it would mean that the claim of Rs.10 included in Rs.100 is not allowed deduction. 13. The ld. AR referred to section 5 of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936, to contend that deduction made from an employee‘s salary for the month of October should suffer disallowance only if it is not paid by 15th December. This argument was premised on the language of section 5, which says that the wages of every person employed upon or in any railway, factory or industrial or other establishment upon or in which less than one thousand persons are employed, shall be paid before expiry of the seventh day, after the last day of the wage- period in respect of which the wages are payable. It was contended that salary for the month of October, 2022 will be paid before the 7th of November, which will result into income of the employer only at the time of payment, making the due date of payment into relevant fund as on or before 15th December and not 15th November. 14. There is no merit in the contention of linking the date of deposit of the employees‘ share in the relevant funds with the date of payment of wages. Section 5 of the Payment of Wages Act simply deals with the ‗Time of payment of wages‘. It does not stipulate any time limit for deposit of the employees share in the relevant funds. For that purpose, the relevant Acts give a window for depositing the contribution within 15 days of the last month's salary. Thus, contribution to the relevant fund towards the salary for the month of October- ending should be deposited before 15th November. 15. In view of the foregoing discussion, we are satisfied that the ld. CIT(A) was justified in sustaining the adjustment u/s 143(1)(a) by means of disallowance made in these cases for late deposit of employees‘ share to the relevant funds beyond the date prescribed under the respective Acts.‖ 3. Respectfully following the aforestated judicial pronouncement, we are satisfied that the NFAC/CIT(A) was justified in sustaining the adjustment u/s 143(1)(a) of the Act by means of disallowance made in these cases for late deposit of employees‘ share to the relevant funds beyond the date prescribed under the respective Acts.

Order pronounced in the open Court on this 29th day of November, 2022

Sd/- sd/-

(INTURI RAMA RAO) (PARTHA SARATHI CHAUDHURY) ACCOUNTANT MEMBER JUDICIAL MEMBER Pune; Dated, the 29th November 2022 Ankam

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Copy of the Order forwarded to : 1. The Appellant. 2. The Respondent. 3. Respective CIT(A), 4. NFAC Delhi 4. D.R. ITAT ‗A‘ Bench 5. Guard File BY ORDER,

Sr. Private Secretary ITAT, Pune.

/// TRUE COPY ///

9 ITA No. 19/PUN/2022, etc. Deesha Facility Management & others 1 Draft dictated on 29-11-2022 Sr.PS/PS 2 Draft placed before author 29-11-2022 Sr.PS/PS 3 Draft proposed and placed JM/AM before the second Member 4 Draft discussed/approved by AM/JM second Member 5 Approved draft comes to the Sr. Sr.PS/PS PS/PS 6 Kept for pronouncement on 29-11-2022 Sr.PS/PS 7 Date of uploading of order 29-11-2022 Sr.PS/PS 8 File sent to Bench Clerk 29-11-2022 Sr.PS/PS 9 Date on which the file goes to the Head Clerk 10 Date on which file goes to the A.R 11 Date of dispatch of order