HSBC SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT (INDIA) PVT. vs. THE DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX CIRCLE 11, PUNE AND ANR

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WP/7699/2018HC BombayHCBM01030930201814 February 2019Author: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE M.S. SANKLECHA,HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI9 pages
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What did the High Court hold?

The High Court allowed the petition and set aside the impugned notice. The Court found that the Assessing Officer's belief that income had escaped assessment was not sustainable. The assessee had filed its annual report, audited accounts, and balance sheet, which reflected the payments in question. The Court held that the assessee's responsibility is to disclose primary facts, and what inferences are to be drawn from these facts is the Assessing Officer's jurisdiction. The Court noted that the Assessing Officer's reasons for reopening were based on material already on record and did not involve any additional or alien material. The Court also found that the issue of IT Domain cost was not examined during the original assessment, thus it was not a case of change of opinion. The Court did not find merit in the contention regarding the date of sanction.

What were the facts?

The petitioner, HSBC Software Development (India) Pvt. Ltd., is challenging a notice dated March 16, 2018, issued by the Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax for reopening the assessment for Assessment Year 2011-12. The original assessment order under Section 143(3) was passed on March 30, 2013. The notice for reopening was issued beyond four years from the end of the relevant assessment year. The Assessing Officer's reasons for reopening were based on the assessee company's payment of IT Domain costs to its parent company, HSBC Holdings Plc, UK, amounting to Rs. 65,67,13,183, on which tax was not deducted at source under Section 195. The AO believed that income had escaped assessment due to the assessee's failure to fully and truly disclose material facts.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the Assessing Officer had valid reasons to believe that income chargeable to tax had escaped assessment, necessitating the reopening of assessment under Section 147 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, beyond a period of four years from the end of the relevant assessment year, considering the assessee's disclosure of primary facts? - Assessee's contention: The assessee argued that it had made a full and true disclosure of primary facts by filing its annual report, audited P&L account, and balance sheet, which reflected the payments in question. Therefore, the reopening was based on a change of opinion and not on any new material. The assessee also contended that the sanction for reopening was granted on March 9, 2018, while the reasons were recorded on March 16, 2018, invalidating the sanction. - Revenue's contention: The revenue contended that the assessee had not made a full and true disclosure as the material facts were embedded in the documents in a manner that required due diligence to discover. The revenue argued that the issue was not decided in the original assessment, hence it was not a case of change of opinion. The revenue also argued that the date of sanction did not invalidate the reasons recorded.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 143(3),Section 147,Section 195,Section 40(a)(i),Section 151,Section 10B(7),Section 80IA,Section 14A,Section 90

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wp-7699-2018

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY APPELLATE SIDE CIVIL JURISDICTION WRIT PETITION NO. 7699 OF 2018 HSBC Software Development (India) Pvt. Ltd., .. Petitioner. v/s. The Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax Circle­11, Pune & Others .. Respondents. Mr. Nitesh Joshi i/b. Mr. A. K. Jasani, for the Petitioner. Mr.   Charanjeet   Chanderpal   with   Ms.   Pragya   Chandra,   for   the Respondents. CORAM:  AKIL KURESHI & M.S.SANKLECHA, JJ. DATE    : 14th FEBRUARY, 2019. P.C:­ Petition taken up for final disposal at this stage. 2 Petitioner has challenged a notice dated 16th March, 2018 of re­opening of an assessment issued by Respondent No.1­Assessing Officer. 3 Brief facts are as under:­ (i) Petitioner is a company, registered under the Companies Act, 1956 and is engaged in the business of providing Software Development Services.   Petitioner   is   a   part   of   HSBC   group   of   Companies Worldwide.

wp-7699-2018 (ii) For the Assessment Year 2011­12, Petitioner had filed return of income, which was taken in scrutiny by the Assessing Officer. He passed an order of assessment under Section 143(3) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (in short "the Act") on 30th March, 2013. (iii) To   re­open   such   assessment,   the   Assessing   Officer   issued   the impugned notice, which can be seen, was done beyond a period of four years from the end of relevant Assessment Year. In order to do so, the Assessing Officer had recorded the following reasons:­ Reasons for re­opening of the Assessment in the case of M/s. HSBC Software Development (Indai) Pvt. Ltd.:­ During the period relevant to A.Y. 2011­12, the assessee company was engaged in the business of Software Development as required for Banking Operation of the HSBC Group.  The assessee company also undertook value added Information Technological services, acted as an in­house software development centre and developed   solutions   and   software   implementation   services   for group companies  of  HSBC spread across the globe. Return  of income for A.Y. 2011­12 was filed electronically by the assessee company   on   25/11/2011   declaring   total   income   of Rs.31,99,35,403/­. Order u/s. 143(3) of the Act was passed on 30/03/2015 determining total income at Rs.146,32,01,943/­. In the   scrutiny   assessment,   additions   of   Rs.113,15,18,134/­   and Rs.1,20,60,460/­ were made to the returned income by making disallowance u/s. 10B(7) r.w.s. 80IA and u/s. 14A r.w. Rule 8D respectively.

2.

On examination of the case records, it is gathered that the assessee company had been paying huge amount to its partner company i.e. HSBC  Holdings Plc,, United Kingdom every year for usage of common platform created for development of IT Domains under   an   IT   Domains   under   an   IT   Domains   Cost   Sharing Agreement (CCA).  Expenses had been claimed for such payments but tax had not been deducted at source thereon u/s. 195 of the Income   Tax   Act,   1961. While   completing   the   assessment wp-7699-2018 proceedings in the case of assessee company for A.Y. 2013­14, it was   concluded   that   tax   should   have   been   deducted   at   source against the payments of IT Domain cost u/s. 195 r.w.s. 90 of the Act and Article 13 of the DTAA as the same was either in the nature   of   Fees   for   Technical   Services   or   Royalty.     After examination of the facts in the case and after duly considering the contentions/   submissions   of   the   assessee   company,   expenses claimed on account of IT Domain cost paid to the parent company was disallowed u/s. 40(a)(i) of the Act by the undersigned after making elaborate discussions in the assessment order passed in the case of assessee company for A.Y. 2013­14. It is further noted that  the above action of the Assessing Officer has duly ratified by the Ld. Commissioner of Appeals while deciding the appeal filed before him by the assessee company on said issue.

3.

It is gathered that during assessment year 2011­12, the assessee company had made payments under the nomenclature at IT   Domain   Cost   to   HSBC   Holdings   Plc.,   UK   to   the   tune   of Rs.65,67,13,183/­  on   which   tax   was   not   deducted   at   source. Therefore, in view of the facts stated above, expenses claimed on account of IT Domain Cost amounting to Rs.65,67,13,183/­ was not   an   allowable   expenses.     The   assessee   company   had   not disallowed on its own while filing return of income for A.Y. 2011­

12.

Also, the same was not disallowed u/s. 40(a)(i) of the Act in the assessment order dated 30/03/2015 passed u/s. 143(3) of the Act for A.Y. 2011­12. I, therefore, have reasons to believe that income to the tune of Rs.65,67,13,183/­ has escaped assessment on account of failure on the part of the assessee company within the meaning of Explanation 1 to Section 147 of the Act as it had not disclosed fully and truly all material facts necessary for the assessment for A.Y. 2011­12 which have been gathered during subsequent assessment proceedings.

4.

In this case, a return of income was filed for A.Y. 2011­12 and regular assessment u/s. 143(3) of the Act was made on 30/03/2015. Since, four years from the end of the relevant year has expired in this case, the requirements to initiate proceedings u/s. 147 of the Act are reason to believe that income for the year under consideration has escaped assessment because of failure on the part of the assessee company to disclose fully and truly all wp-7699-2018 material facts necessary for the assessment for the assessment year under consideration. It is pertinent to mention here that reasons to believe that income has escaped assessment for the year under consideration have been recorded above at paragraph 3. I have carefully   considered   the   assessment   records   containing   the submissions made by the assessee company in response to various notices issued during the assessment proceedings and have noted that the assessee company has not fully and truly disclosed the material facts necessary for the assessment for the year under consideration.   Thus, it is evident from the above facts that the assessee company had not truly and fully disclosed all material facts necessary for the assessment for the year under consideration thereby necessitating reopening u/s. 147 of the Act.

5.

It is true that the assessee company has filed a copy of annual report and audited P & L A/c and balance sheet along with return of income where various information/ material were disclosed.   However, the requisite full and true disclosure of all material facts, necessary for assessment has not   been made as noted above. It is pertinent to mention here that even though the assessee company has  produced books of accounts, annual report and audited P & L A/c and balance sheet or other evidence as mentioned above, the requisite material facts as noted above in the reasons for reopening were embedded in such a manner that material evidence could  not be discovered by the Assessing Officer and could have been discovered with due diligence, accordingly attracting provisions of Explanation 1 of Section 147 of the Act.

6.

It is evident from the above discussions that in this case, the issue under consideration was never examined by the Assessing Officer   during   the   course   of   regular   assessment.   This   fact   is corroborated from the contents of notices issued by the Assessing Officer u/s. 143(2)/142(1) of the Act on various dates during the course of regular assessment proceedings for A.Y. 2011­12. It is important to highlight here that material facts relevant for the assessment on the issue under consideration were not filed during the course of regular assessment proceedings and the same may be embedded in annual report, audited P & L A/c. balance sheet and books of account in such a manner that it would require due diligence by the Assessing Officer to extract these information. For wp-7699-2018 aforestated reasons, it is not a case of change of opinion by the Assessing Officer.

7.

In this case, more than four years have lapsed from the end of assessment year under consideration. Hence, necessary sanction to   issue   notice   u/s.   148   has     been   obtained   from   Principal Commissioner of Income Tax­1, Pune as per the provisions of section 151 of the Act which has been communicated vide his office   letter   No.PN/Pr.   CIT­1/u/s.   148/HSBC/2017­18/3624 dated 09/03/2018.” (iv) Upon being supplied the reasons, the assesses raised objections to the notice of re­opening under letter dated 4th  May, 2018. Such objections were disposed of by the Assessing Officer by an order dated 31st May, 2018. Hence, the Petition. 4 Taking  us   through   the  reasons  recorded  by   the  Assessing Officer and other documents on record, Counsel for the Petitioner raised following contentions:­ (i) that the impugned notice was issued beyond a period of four years from the end of the relevant Assessment Year. There was no failure on the part of the assessee to disclose truly and fully all material facts.   The   notice   of   re­opening   of   assessment   was,   therefore, invalid; (ii) In the present case, there was no income chargeable to tax which had escaped assessment. Counsel pointed out that, the Assessing Officer had computed the assessee's tax liability as per the normal provisions but by virtue of the reliefs granted by the Commissioner (Appeals), such computation was made under Section 115JB of the Act.  Even if, the proposed additions as per reasons recorded, were to be made, the Company would still continue to be governed by wp-7699-2018 the MAT provisions; (iii) Counsel submitted that the expenditure in question, referred to in the reasons recorded, was subjected to transfer pricing scrutiny. Thus,   the   re­opening   of   assessment   was,   based   on   change   of opinion; and (iv) Counsel lastly contended that sanction was granted by the Principal Commissioner on 9th March, 2018 whereas the reasons appeared to have been recorded on 16th  March, 2018. Thus, nullifying the sanction granted by the Principal Commissioner. 5 On the other hand, Counsel for the Revenue opposed the Petition, contending that, the issue raised by the Assessing Officer in the reasons recorded, was never decided by  him in the original assessment proceedings.  This is, therefor, no case of change of opinion. What effect, the additions may have on the assessee's tax liability, cannot be foreseen at this stage. He pointed out that copy of reasons produced and annexed at Exh.N conveys the reasons recorded and it also records in para 7 thereof the factum of sanction obtained from competent authority. This would not mean that the reasons were recorded on 16th  March, 2018 as contended. More importantly, Counsel contended that mere production before the Assessing Officer all books of accounts or other evidence from which material evidenced for due diligence, have been discarded by the Assessing Officer, will not amount to full and true disclosure within the meaning of first proviso to Section 147 of the Act. He, of course, relied on Explanation 1 to Section 147 of Act.

Having heard the learned Counsel for the parties and having wp-7699-2018 perused the facts and documents on record, we may analyze the reasons recorded by the Assessing Officer. Paragraphs 2 and 3 of the reasons recorded  form  foundation   of  the   belief   of  the   Assessing  Officer   that, income chargeable to tax, has escaped assessment.  In these paragraphs, the Assessing Officer pointed out that, assesses during the period relevant to Assessment Year, had made payments to its partner­company HSBC Holdings Plc, United Kingdom for usage of common platform. However, on said expenses, tax was not deducted at source in terms of Section 195 of the Act. Therefore, the expenditure to the tune of Rs.65.67 Crores had to be disallowed as per Section 40(a)(i) of the Act. He further records that, that is how he has treated the expenditure by passing Assessment Order for the Assessment Year 2013­14. In paragraph 5, Assessing Officer recorded as under:­ “It is true that the assessee company has filed a copy of annual report and audited P & L A/c and balance sheet along with return of income where various information/ material were disclosed.” However, he goes on to record that, the assessee had not truly and fully disclosed all material facts necessary for assessment. 7 We   fail   to   see   how   the   Assessing   Officer   can   sustain   his contention of lack of true and full disclosure by assessee. Plain facts of the case are that, the assessee had, even as admitted by the Assessing Officer, filed full details, particulars, and audited accounts along with the return, in which, the payments in question, were duly reflected. The onus of the assessee to make disclosure would end upon such disclosure  of primary facts. It is well settled, through series of judgments, starting from the Apex Court   decision   in  Calcutta   Discount   v/s.   ITO   41   ITR   191,  the wp-7699-2018 responsibility of the assessee is to disclose primary facts. What further enquiring, inference and in law is to be drawn from said facts, is fully within the  realm of the Assessing Officer's jurisdiction. 8 In paragraph 3 of the reasons, in order to support lack of true and full disclosure, the Assessing Officer referred to the fact that, the assessee had not on its own disallowed expenditure in terms of Section 40(a)(i) of the Act.  Thus, Assessing Officer expects the assessee to make the disallowance involuntarily to be able to claim full and true disclosure. 9 To   reiterate   the   entire   reasons   recorded   by   the   Assessing Officer proceeded  on material already on record. It is not the case of the Assessing Officer that after completion of the original scrutiny assessment, he came  upon some additional or alien  material which had an effect on taxability of the expenditure in question. 10 The   Assessing   Officer   in   his   reply   has   admitted   that   the assessee had filed Form 3 CEB, in which, the expenditure in question was duly reflected. In fact, as pointed out by the Counsel for the Petitioner, such expenditure also came up for scrutiny during the enquiry in relation to the transfer pricing. 11 In absence of lack of full and true disclosure on the part of the   assessee,   the   Assessing   Officer   could   not   have   re­opened   the assessment by issuing impugned notice, which was done after four years from the end of the relevant Assessment Year.

wp-7699-2018 12 In view of this conclusion, it is not necessary to examine the Petitioner's second contention of no income chargeable to tax, having escaped assessment, which would require us to take into account various contentions such as ­ whether the order of Commissioner (Appeals) has achieved finality and whether after notionally adding the expenditure referred to in the reasons recorded, the Petitioner­Company would still continue to be governed by the MAT provisions. 13 However, we do not accept the third and forth contentions  of the Counsel for the Petitioner. Firstly, admittedly, the present issue was not examined by the Assessing Officer during original scrutiny assessment and, therefore, he had not formed any opinion at this stage.  Secondly, the communication of reasons contained in paragraph 7 refers to the sanction order of the Principal Commissioner which was granted on 9th  March, 2018. This communication is dated 16th  March, 2018 which does not mean that the reasons were recorded on 16th  March, 2018 . 14 In the result,  Petition  is  allowed. Impugned notice is set aside. (M.S.SANKLECHA,J.) (AKIL KURESHI,J.)

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