ANIL RADHAKRISHNA WANI vs. INCOME-TAX OFFICER, WARD NO.11(2)(1) AND 2 ORS.

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WP/559/2010HC Bombay04 March 2010Author: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE DR. D.Y. CHANDRACHUD, HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE J.P. DEVADHAR8 pages
AI SummaryAllowed

What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the reopening of the assessment was not validly exercised. The Court found that the petitioner had made a full disclosure of all material facts necessary for the assessment for AY 2003-2004. This included disclosing his retirement from Little & Company, the total receivable amount of Rs. 1,36,12,500, and that one installment of Rs. 17,01,562 had been received during the relevant year. The Court noted that the bank summary and capital account were disclosed, which was admitted by the AO in the reasons for reopening. Since there was no failure on the part of the petitioner to disclose material facts, the condition precedent for reopening an assessment beyond four years was not fulfilled. Consequently, the jurisdiction to reopen the assessment was not validly exercised. The Court quashed the notice dated March 31, 2009, and the consequential order of assessment dated December 31, 2009. The second submission on merits was not considered.

What were the facts?

The petitioner, an advocate and solicitor, challenged the reopening of his assessment for AY 2003-2004. A notice under Section 148 was issued on March 31, 2009, which is beyond four years from the end of the assessment year. The petitioner had retired from Little & Company on September 30, 2002, and was entitled to Rs. 1,36,12,500, payable in installments. In AY 2003-2004, he received an installment of Rs. 17,01,562. His return for AY 2003-2004 was processed under Section 143(1) and later an assessment order was passed under Section 143(3) on August 19, 2005. The Assessing Officer (AO) sought to reopen the assessment, citing that the payment was for renunciation of his right to practice and thus taxable under Section 28(va), and that the notice was issued within six years under Section 149(1)(b).

What were the issues?

1. Whether the reopening of assessment for AY 2003-2004, initiated by a notice dated March 31, 2009 (beyond four years from the end of the assessment year), was valid, considering the proviso to Section 147 requires a failure on the part of the assessee to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for assessment? Assessee's arguments: - The reopening is beyond four years, and the condition precedent under Section 147 has not been fulfilled as the petitioner fully and truly disclosed all material facts, including the amounts received and receivable from Little & Company. - The AO's inference that the payment was for renunciation of the right to practice is perverse, as Clause 35 of the Partnership Deed only restricts soliciting clients, not practicing the profession, and the petitioner continued to practice. Revenue's arguments: - The original assessment was completed on August 19, 2005. The amount of Rs. 17,01,562 was not offered for taxation. No inquiry was made regarding its taxability. The assessment was reopened by notice under Section 148 on December 31, 2009, and re-assessment completed on the same date. - Since the petitioner availed the remedy of appeal before the CIT(A), the writ petition ought not to be entertained.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 147,Section 148,Section 143(1),Section 143(3),Section 28(va),Section 149(1)(b)

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
1 IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION WRIT PETITION (L) NO.163 OF 2010 Anil Radhakrishna Wani, Age 50, Occupation : Advocate & Solicitor, Residing at B5/7, Neelam, Sitladevi Temple Road, Mahim, Mumbai 400 016 ..Petitioner. Versus 1. Income­tax Officer, Ward No.11(2)(1), having his Office at Aayakar Bhavan, Mumbai – 400 020 2. Commissioner of Income­tax, Ward No.11(1) having his Office at Aayakar Bhavan, Mumbai 400 020 3. Union of India, through the Secretary, Ministry of Finance, Government of India,’ North Block, New Delhi 110 101 ..Respondents. Mr.Sanjiv M. Shah with Ms.Supriya S. Devergudi i/by Mr.Mehul J. Shah for the  petitioner. Mr.Vimal Gupta for the respondents. CORAM : Dr.D.Y. Chandrachud &      J.P. Devadhar, JJ.    DATE     : 4th March, 2010. CNR No : HCBM020016832010 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 05:11:44 2

ORAL JUDGMENT  (Per Dr.D.Y. Chandrachud, J.) : Rule, by consent made returnable forthwith.  Counsel for respondents waives service.  With the consent of counsel, petition is taken up for final hearing.

1.

The petitioner has challenged in these proceedings under Article 226 of the Constitution the re­opening of an assessment for assessment year 2003­2004. Inasmuch as the notice under Section 148 was issued on 31st  March 2009, it is beyond a period of four years from the end of the relevant assessment year.

2.

The petitioner who is a solicitor and advocate, was a partner of Little &   Company.     He   retired   on   30th  September   2002. Upon   his   retirement,   the petitioner has continued to practice as a lawyer as a partner of a firm by the name ANS Law Associates.       On   his retirement, the petitioner was entitled to the payment of an amount of Rs.1,36,12,500/­ in eight installments in pursuance of clause 38 of the Deed of Partnership.  In the relevant assessment year 2003­2004, the petitioner received from the firm an instalment of Rs.17,01,562/­.   On 18th December   2003,  the   petitioner   filed   his  return  of  income   for   assessment  year 2003­2004. The return was processed under Section 143(1).   Subsequently, the case of the petitioner was selected for scrutiny.  An order of assessment was passed on 19th August 2005 under Section 143(3).  A notice was issued to the petitioner on 31st  March   2009   proposing   to   reopen   the   assessment   for   assessment   year 2003­2004. The reasons which have been recorded in support of the exercise of the juri iction under Section 147 read with Section 148, stated that on his retirement, the petitioner received a certain amount from Little & Company.   The reasons Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 specifically contain a statement that the bank summary of Central Bank of India submitted by the petitioner reflects that an amount of Rs.17,01,562/­ was shown to be received from Little & Company during the assessment year 2003­2004. The reasons also contain a statement to the effect that the capital account of the petitioner   furnished   with   the   return   of   income   shows   a   receivable   of   Rs. 1,36,12,500/­ from Little & Company, on retirement.  The case which is sought to be made out for re­opening the assessment is that under clause 35 of the Deed of Partnership,   a   partner   who   has   retired   voluntarily   shall   not,   as   long   as   the continuing or surviving partners shall carry on the business, solicit the clients of the firm for a period of three years from the date of his retirement.  According to the Assessing   Officer,   the   amount   payable   to   the   petitioner   was   on   account   of   a renunciation of his right to freely practice his profession for a period of three years and that the amount was consequently liable to “capital gains tax under Section 28(va)”.  The reasons finally stated that the assessment was being re­opened under Section 149(1)(b) within a period of six years.

3.

Two submissions have been urged on behalf of the petitioner.  Firstly, it has been submitted that the assessment in the present case was beyond a period of four years and the condition precedent to the exercise of the juri iction to reopen an assessment has not been fulfilled.  The petitioner, it is urged, had fully and truly disclosed all material facts during the course of assessment and this included the amount which was received and receivable from Little & Company on account of his retirement.  The attention of the Court was drawn to the fact that during the course of assessment, to the specific query raised by the Assessing Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Officer,   the   petitioner   furnished   a   detailed   reply   explaining   the   nature   of   the amounts received from Little & Company on his retirement as a partner of the firm. In these circumstances, it was submitted that there was no failure on the part of the petitioner to disclose fully and truly all the material facts necessary for assessment for that assessment year.  Secondly, it was sought to be submitted that clause 35 of the Deed of Partnership merely provides that a retiring partner shall not  solicit the clients of the firm for a period of three years and the inference which is sought to be drawn by the Assessing Officer to the effect that the amount was paid to the petitioner on his retirement in consideration of a renunciation of his right to freely practice his profession is ex­facie perverse.  Counsel submitted that as a matter of fact the petitioner continued to practise as a lawyer upon retirement from Little & Company, as a partner in another firm, to which the attention of the Assessing Officer was drawn.   Clause 35 of the Deed of Partnership did not contain any covenant for renouncing the right to practise the profession of a lawyer.

4.

An   affidavit   in   reply   has   been   filed   in   these   proceedings   by   the Assessing Officer.   The affidavit in reply states that the original assessment was completed on 19th August 2005. Though the petitioner had received an amount of Rs.17,01,562/­ from Little & Co., this amount was not offered for taxation in the return of income that was  filed on 18th December 2003. No inquiry was, according to the Assessing Officer, made regarding the taxability of the amount received by the   petitioner   from   Little   &   Company   during   assessment   year   2003­2004. Consequently, the assessment has been sought to be reopened by the issuance of a notice under Section 148 on 31st December 2009 and the re­assessment has been Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 completed on 31st December 2009. It has been submitted that since the petitioner has availed of the remedy of an appeal before the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals), a petition under Article 226 ought not to be entertained.

5.

The circumstance that a re­assessment has been completed cannot be a ground to exclude the petitioner from seeking a recourse to the writ juri iction under Article 226 of the Constitution.  The basic question before the Court is as to whether the statutory requirement which is a condition precedent to the exercise of the juri iction to reopen an assessment has been fulfilled.  If the Court comes to the conclusion that this requirement  has been fulfilled, the petitioner would have to be relegated to the appellate remedy against the order of re­assessment.  On the other hand, if the statutory condition precedent for the exercise of the juri iction to re­open the assessment has not been fulfilled, the re­opening of the assessment would have to be quashed with a consequential setting aside of all the subsequent proceedings.  We may also note that by an interim order dated 25th January 2010 passed by this Court, the Petitioner was permitted to file an appeal before the Commissioner   of   Income   Tax   (Appeals)   without   prejudice   to   his   rights   and contentions in the petition.  Hence, the filing of an appeal cannot oust the remedy of a petition under Article 226. An appeal had to be filed to obviate the bar of limitation.

6.

The proviso to Section 147 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 stipulates inter alia that, where an assessment under sub­section (3) of Section 143 has been made, for the relevant assessment year, no action shall be taken under Section 147 after the expiry of four years from the end of the relevant assessment year, unless Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 any income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment, for such assessment year by reason of the failure on the part of the assessee to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for his assessment, for that assessment year.  The Revenue has relied upon Section 149(1)(b) under which no notice under Section 148 can be issued for the relevant assessment year after four years, but not more than six years have elapsed from the relevant assessment year, unless the income chargeable to tax which has escaped assessment amounts or is likely to amount to one lakh of rupees or more.  The power to reopen an assessment beyond a period of four years but upto six years under Section 149(1)(b) is subject to the requirement spelt out in the proviso to Section 147. Section 149(1)b does not lift the embargo under the proviso to Section 147 on re­opening an assessment beyond a period of four years unless the conditions precedent are fulfilled.  Section 149(1)b provides that a notice cannot be issued after four years, but not more than after six years have elapsed after the relevant assessment year, unless the income chargeable to tax which has escaped assessment is or is likely to amount to Rupees one lakh or more.   This provision has nothing to do with the condition precedent for re­opening beyond four years, which has to be fulfilled in any event.  Therefore, the basic question that needs to be addressed on facts is, as to whether there was any failure on the part of the petitioner, as the assessee, to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for the assessment.

7.

The record before the Court shows that in the return of income which was filed on 18th  December 2003, the petitioner had by a note appended to the computation of income specifically disclosed that “during the year the assessee has retired with effect from 30th September 2002 as a partner from Little & Company, Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Advocates & Solicitors and with effect from 1st October 2002 has joined as a partner in ANS Law Associates, Advocates and Solicitors”.  The capital account which was annexed to the return reflects receivables from Little & Company, on retirement, of Rs.1,36,12,500/­.  The balance sheet as on 31st March 2003 shows receivables from Little & Company of Rs.1,19,10,937/­.  The difference, being in the amount of Rs. 17,01,562.50 ps. was the amount which was received by the petitioner during the course of the previous year relevant to assessment year 2003­2004. During the course of assessment proceedings, the Assessing Officer had by a noting on the order sheet dated 18th  July 2005 specifically called for a disclosure of details in respect of the amount received from Little & Company.  By a letter dated 30th July 2005   addressed   to   the   Assessing   Officer,   the   petitioner   made   the   following disclosure :

“5. Amount receivable from Little & Co. represents the amount receivable on retirement from the Firm.  The same is receivable in instalments and there is no provision for payment of any interest thereon under the understanding.

8.

On   retirement,   i.e.   on   1st  October   2002   Rs.13612500   was receivable from the firm Little & Co towards the share in the firm as partner.  Such amount was to be paid by the firm in 8 instalments.  In view of the same the balance as on 31st March represents   the   balance   after   accounting   for   the   instalment received.” The bank summary was attached to the letter.  The fact that the bank summary and the capital account were disclosed by the petitioner is also admitted in the reasons which have been recorded by the Assessing Officer while re­opening the assessment.

8.

From the aforesaid narration of facts, it is evident that the petitioner Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 made a full disclosure of all the material facts necessary for the assessment for assessment year 2003­2004. The petitioner duly explained (i) His retirement from Little & Company; (ii) The fact that an amount of Rs.1,36,12,500/­ was receivable from Little & Company on retirement; (iii) That during the course of the assessment year   one   instalment   had   been   received   and   the   balance   as   on   31st  March represented the balance after accounting for the instalment received.  There was no failure on the part of the petitioner to disclose fully and truly all the material facts necessary for the assessment for that assessment year.  In these circumstances, the juri iction to reopen the assessment was not validly exercised since the condition precedent laid down by the statute for reopening of an assessment beyond a period of four years of the expiry of the relevant assessment year has not been fulfilled. The petitioner is, therefore, entitled to the relief that has been claimed in these proceedings.  In the view which we have taken, it is not necessary to consider the second submission on merits.

9.

The petition is made absolute in terms of prayer clause (a) by setting aside the notice dated 31st March 2009 and consequently the order of  assessment dated 31st December 2009. There shall be no order as to costs. (J.P. Devadhar, J.) (Dr.D.Y. Chandrachud, J.) Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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