SAHARA HOSPITALITY LTD. vs. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX-8

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WP/408/2013HC Bombay26 September 2013Author: HON'BLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE, HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE M.S. SANKLECHA9 pages
AI SummaryDismissed

What did the High Court hold?

The Bombay High Court held that the impugned order dated December 27, 2012, transferring the petitioner's income tax proceedings from Mumbai to New Delhi was neither arbitrary nor perverse. The court noted that the petitioner's own written submissions to the Commissioner showed substantial revenue from related parties (Sahara Group companies) ranging from 13.00% to 19.00% of gross revenue between FY 2007-08 and 2011-12, justifying the need for coordinated investigations and assessments. The court found that the Commissioner had exercised his discretionary power under Section 127(2) of the Act reasonably, recording valid reasons for the transfer. The court also dismissed the petitioner's objection regarding inconvenience to staff, stating that a corporate entity cannot insist on being assessed by a particular officer. Furthermore, the court noted that the petitioner had participated in proceedings before the Deputy Commissioner in New Delhi for AY 2010-11, including receiving notices under Sections 142(1) and 143(2) and submitting to the jurisdiction, which served as an additional reason not to entertain the petition. No issue was left undecided.

What were the facts?

Sahara Hospitality Limited (the petitioner) and Ashu C. Sood filed a writ petition challenging an order dated December 27, 2012, passed by the Commissioner of Income Tax-8, Mumbai. This order, under Section 127(2) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, transferred the petitioner's pending income tax proceedings from Mumbai to the Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, New Delhi. The petitioner, part of the Sahara Group, had been assessed in Mumbai since 2003. A previous transfer order from January 5, 2012, was set aside by the Bombay High Court for lack of a personal hearing. Following this, the petitioner attended a hearing on December 17, 2013, objecting to the transfer. Subsequently, the Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, New Delhi, passed an assessment order for Assessment Year 2010-11 on March 19, 2013.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the impugned order dated December 27, 2012, transferring the petitioner's income tax proceedings from Mumbai to New Delhi, was passed in breach of natural justice, specifically by failing to consider the petitioner's submissions objecting to the transfer? (Question of law and fact, turns on Section 127(2) of the Income Tax Act, 1961). 2. Whether the transfer of assessment proceedings to New Delhi was warranted, considering the petitioner's arguments that it had minimal financial transactions with other Sahara Group entities and that the transfer would cause prejudice due to its localized operations in Mumbai? (Question of law and fact, turns on Section 127(2) of the Income Tax Act, 1961). Assessee's Arguments: - The order was passed in breach of natural justice as submissions were not considered. - Belonging to the Sahara Group and having minimal inter-group transactions did not warrant the transfer. - Transfer would cause immense prejudice due to localized operations in Mumbai. Revenue's Arguments: - The transfer order was reasoned, based on the petitioner belonging to the Sahara Group and having substantial financial transactions with group entities, necessitating centralized assessment. - The order was neither arbitrary nor perverse.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 127(2),Section 143(3),Section 142(1),Section 143(2)

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wp-408-2013

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURI ICTION WRIT PETITION NO.408 OF 2013 1 Sahara Hospitality Limited ] a company incorporated under the ] Companies Act, 1956 having its ] registered office at Hotel Sahara Star,] Opp: Domestic Airport, Vile Parle ] (East), Mumbai 400 099. ] 2 Ashu C. Sood, an Indian ] Inhabitant, CFO and Company ] Secretary of Sahara Hospitality ] Limited, having her address at ] Hotel Sahara Star, Opp. Domestic ] Airport, Vile Parle (East), ] Mumbai 400 099. ] .. Petitioners. V/s. 1 Commissioner of Income Tax­8 ] Room No.259, Aayakar Bhavan, ] M. K. Road, Mumbai 400 020. ] 2 Assistant Commissioner of Income ] Tax 8(3), Aayakar Bhavan, ] M. K. Road, Mumbai 400 020. ] 3 Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax ] Central Circle­6, Room No.334, ] E­2, ARA Centre, Jhandewalan ] Extn. New Delhi 110 055. ] 4 Union of India, through the Secretary] Minister of Finance, Government of ] India, New Delhi 110 101. ] .. Respondents. S.R.JOSHI 1 of 9 CNR No : HCBM020036622013 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-408-2013 Mr. Jehangir Mistry Sr. Advocate a/w. Mr. Parag Khandhar i/b. DSK Legal, for the Petitioners. Mr. Arvind Pinto, for the Respondents. CORAM:  MOHIT S. SHAH, C.J.  & M.S.SANKLECHA,J. RESERVED ON         :  19 SEPTEMBER  2013. PRONOUNCED ON   :   26 SEPTEMBER 2013. JUDGMENT (Per M. S.Sanklecha, J.):­ By this Petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, the Petitioner seeks that the order dated 27 December 2012 passed by the Commissioner of Income Tax­8, Mumbai (Respondent No.1) be quashed and set aside. By the impugned order dated 27 December 2012, the respondent No.1 has in exercise of his powers under Section 127(2) of the   Income   Tax   Act,   1961   (in   short   “the   Act”)   has   transferred   the petitioner's   case   i.e.   all   pending   proceedings   under   the   Act   w.e.f.   27 December   2012   to   Deputy   Commissioner   of   Income   Tax,   New   Delhi (Respondent No.3) from Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Mumbai (Respondent No.2.). 2 Briefly, the facts are that petitioner No.1 admittedly belongs to the Sahara Group of Companies.   The petitioner No.1 is engaged in the Hospitality business owning and operating an hotel in the name and style of Sahara Star at Mumbai and also trading in petroleum products in Mumbai.   Since 2003 onwards, the petitioner is being assessed to Income Tax at Mumbai. 3 On   12   September   2011,   the   respondent   No.1   i.e.   the S.R.JOSHI 2 of 9 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-408-2013 Commissioner of Income Tax, Mumbai issued a notice to the petitioner, seeking its no objections to transfer the petitioner's case i.e. pending proceedings under the Act to New Delhi. 4 Thereafter on 5 January 2012, the Commissioner of Income Tax passed an order under Section 127(2) of the Act, transferring the Assessment Proceedings i.e. the petitioner's case from Mumbai to Deputy Commissioner  of  Income Tax, Delhi,   Central  Circle 6,  New  Delhi  i.e. respondent No.3  w.e.f. 6 January 2012. The above order dated 5 January 2012 was challenged by filing Writ Petition No.596 of 2012 in this Court. On 12 September 2012, this Court by  an order  passed in Writ Petition No.596 of 2012, set aside the order of the Commissioner of Income Tax, Mumbai dated 5 January 2012, as the same was passed without granting a  personal hearing to the petitioners. The order dated 12 September 2012 of this Court directed the Commissioner of Income Tax to pass a fresh order after granting a personal hearing to the petitioner No.1. 5 Consequent to the order of this Court, petitioner No.1 on 17 December 2013, attended a personal hearing granted by Commissioner of Income Tax and objected to the proposed transfer/centralization of the petitioner's case i.e. Income Tax Proceedings from Mumbai to New Delhi. At the hearing, the petitioner pointed out that the reason for the proposed transfer   was   to   have   centralized   assessment   of   the   Sahara   Group   of Companies in view of large scale financial transactions and investments inter se between the petitioner and other Companies belonging to   the Sahara Group.  The petitioner No.1 pointed out that there were no large scale financial transactions and investments of the assessee with other entities of the Sahara Group i.e. neither the petitioner No.1 has invested S.R.JOSHI 3 of 9 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-408-2013 large amounts with the Companies in the Sahara Group or vice­a­versa, save and except, some amount being invested by the petitioner No.1 in Mutual Funds managed by an entity belonging to the Sahara Group. Further, it was pointed out that no loans were either taken or given by the petitioner No.1 from/to   various entities belongings to the Sahara Group   of   Companies.   Consequently,   it   was   the   petitioner   No.1's submission that the transfer of the petitioners' Assessment Proceedings from Mumbai to New Delhi under Section 127(2) of the Act, was not warranted. 6 On   27   December  2012,   the  Commissioner   of  Income  Tax passed an order, transferring the petitioner No.1's case from Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Mumbai to Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax,   New   Delhi   w.e.f.   27   December   2012. Consequently,   all   pending assessments   commencing   with   the   Assessment   Year   2010­11   stood transferred to New Delhi w.e.f. 27 December 2012. 7 During the hearing before us, Counsel for  both  the sides inform us that consequent to the impugned order dated 27 December 2012, the Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, New Delhi has on 19 March 2013 passed an assessment order under Section 143(3) of the Act for Assessment Year 2010­11. A copy of the order dated 19 March 2013 of the Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, New Delhi was tendered across the bar. 8 In the context of the above facts, Mr. Jehangir Mistry, learned Senior Counsel in support of the petition, submits as under:­ (a) The impugned order dated 27 December 2012 is in breach of S.R.JOSHI 4 of 9 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-408-2013 natural justice  as the order was passed  without  dealing  with and considering submissions made by the petitioner No.1, objecting to   the   proposed   transfer   of   income   tax   proceedings   of   the petitioners  from Mumbai to New Delhi; (b) The mere fact that the petitioner No.1 belongs to the Sahara Group of Companies would not by itself warrant the transfer of its Income Tax Proceedings to New Delhi. Besides, no loans were taken and/or given to/by the petitioners to any of the entities in the Sahara Group of Companies.  Nor has the petitioner any investments in the entities   belonging   to   Sahara   Group,   save     and   except   some amount being invested in the Sahara Mutual Fund managed by an entity in the  Sahara Group of Companies;  and (c) The transfer of the Assessment Proceedings to New Delhi would cause immense prejudice to the petitioner.  This is for the reason that their operations are localized in Mumbai, their personnel/ Officers are also residing and working in Mumbai. In view of the above, it is submitted that the transfer as proposed is not warranted and the impugned order ought to be set aside. 9 As   against   the   above,   Mr,   Arvind   Pinto,   learned   Counsel appearing for the respondents supports the impugned order and submit as under:­ (a) The transfer of proceedings to Delhi is an order with reasons inasmuch as the basis for the transfer is that the petitioner No.1 belongs to the Sahara Group of Companies and it has substantial S.R.JOSHI 5 of 9 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-408-2013 financial transactions with various entities in the group. Therefore, the need to have assessment centralized; and (b) The   impugned   order   is   neither   arbitrary   or   perverse.   The impugned order itself indicates substantial financial transactions of the petitioner with the various group entities belonging to Sahara Group as the reason for transfer. In view of the above, it is submitted that the petition be dismissed. 10 We   have   considered   the   submissions.   We   find   that   the petitioners in their written submissions filed with the Commissioner of Income Tax while opposing the proposed transfer from Mumbai to New Delhi have specifically mentioned the fact that the revenue received from entities in the Sahara Group of Companies was as follows:­ F. Y. Gross Revenue (Amount

in Rupees) Related

Party Revenue from related parties/  Sahara   Group Companies (Amount in Rupees) Percentage of   gross revenue 2007­08 Rs.87,58,05,032 Rs.11,59,44,895 13.00% 2008­09 Rs.1,10,32,36,826 Rs.18,51,93,839 17.00% 2009­10 Rs.1,18,97,74,556 Rs.16,67,16,085 14.00% 2010­11 Rs.1,43,27,99,489 Rs.19,08,68,786 13.00% 2011­12 Rs.1,52,71,69,292 Rs.29,14,15,612 19.00%

From the above, it would be noticed that the revenue earned from related party transactions for the financial years 2007­08 to 2011­12 were substantial.  It must be appreciated that while exercising its power of S.R.JOSHI 6 of 9 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-408-2013 transferring   proceedings   under   Section   127(2)   of   the   Act,   the Commissioner of Income Tax has exercised the discretionary power vested in him to   transfer the case from one Assessment Officer to another. Section 127 of the  Act  itself  does not circumscribe/limit the power of a Commissioner of Income Tax to transfer Assessment Proceedings from one Assessing   Officer   to   another   but   has   left   it   to   the   judgment   of   the Commissioner of Income Tax to exercise his discretion in a reasonable manner.   To ensure that the Commissioner of Income Tax exercises his discretion in a just and reasonable manner he has to record reasons for doing so. If the reasons are arbitrary, the Court will set aside the order of transfer.  In this case, we find that the Commissioner of Income Tax hasso recorded reasons while exercising his powers and these reasons are the substantial transactions of petitioner No.1 with related parties i.e. entities belongs to Sahara Group of Companies. Therefore, so   long as reasons indicated in the order are neither arbitrary and/or unreasonable, this Court would  not be justified in setting aside the impugned order passed by the Commissioner of Income Tax under Section 127(2) of the Act. Therefore,  we find  the  reason/purpose for co­ordinated  investigations and   assessments   viz:   the   substantial   financial   transactions   of   the petitioner  No.1  with the  various  entities  within  the  Sahara  Group  of Companies is not perverse or arbitrary. 11 The petitioner No.1 is a Corporate entity.  Thus objection with regard to inconvenience to the staff and Officers of petitioner No.1, in case of transfer of Assessment Proceedings to New Delhi  is not such as to hold the impugned order to be bad.  In any event, it is a settled position in law that an assessee cannot as a matter of right insist on being assessed by a particular Officer. S.R.JOSHI 7 of 9 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-408-2013 Independently of the above, we find that for the Assessment Year 2010­11, the petitioner No.1 had participated in proceedings before the Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, New Delhi leading to order dated 19 March 2013. On perusal of the order dated 19 March 2013, we find that the petitioner No.1 received a notice on 18 January 2013 under Section 142 (1)of the Act from the Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, New Delhi. Further, a notice under Section 143(2) of the Act was issued to the petitioner No.1 on 30 January 2013 by the Deputy Commissioner of Income   Tax,   New   Delhi.   The   petitioner   admittedly   participated   in proceedings before the Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, New Delhi leading to the order dated 19 March 2013. The petitioner No.1 has, therefore, submitted to the juri iction of the Assessing Officer at New Delhi.  The petitioners have not pointed out any protest by them at New Delhi.  This is an additional reason why we see no reason to entertain this petition. 13 This petition was filed in Court on 20 February 2013. There is   not   a   whisper   in   the   petition   about   proceedings   having   been commenced at New Delhi and notice under Section 143(2) of the Act having been received on 30 January 2013 and the petitioner No.1 is participating   in   the   same.   In   all   fairness   the   petitioners   should   have mentioned these facts in the petition.  We trust the petitioners would be more careful in the future. 14 In view of the fact that we find that the impugned order dated 27 December 2012 transferring the petitioner No.1's proceedings from Mumbai to New Delhi is neither arbitrary and/or perverse and/or S.R.JOSHI 8 of 9 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-408-2013 unreasonable   no   interference   is   warranted   by   this   Court   in   its   writ juri iction. 15 Therefore, we see no reason to entertain the present petition. Accordingly,  the  Petition is dismissed with no order as to costs.

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