SHRI V.R.AMBANI vs. THE DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF I-TAX,
What did the High Court hold?
The High Court held that the Annual Letting Value (ALV) of a property, especially when subject to rent control legislation, should be determined with reference to the standard rent. If the fair rent is less than the standard rent, then the fair rent shall be taken as the ALV, not the standard rent. The Court referred to a Full Bench decision of the Delhi High Court, followed by a Division Bench of its own court in CIT vs. Tip Top Typography, which laid down guidelines for determining ALV. These guidelines state that ALV is the sum at which the property may be reasonably let out, actual rent received is reliable unless inflated/deflated by extraneous considerations, and ALV cannot exceed the standard rent. If standard rent is not fixed, the assessing officer must determine it. The Court also noted that the question of how to determine reasonable/fair rent, considering circumstances that might inflate/deflate it, is fact-dependent and no particular test can be laid down. The impugned order of the ITAT was set aside, and the matter was remanded for reconsideration in accordance with the established norms. The Court also referred to its earlier decision in Smt. Kokilaben D. Ambani vs. CIT.
What were the facts?
The assessee, Vimal R. Ambani, purchased a property with two others, claiming a 1/3rd share. For assessment year 1986-87, the assessee declared income of Rs. 979, computed on the basis of the Municipal Corporation of Ahmedabad's rateable value. The Assessing Officer, however, determined the annual value based on standard rent, calculating a return of 12% on investment, and computed the income at Rs. 57,760. The Commissioner (Appeals) and the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) upheld the Assessing Officer's view. The assessee appealed to the High Court against the ITAT's order. Additionally, a reference was made concerning assessment years 1982-83 and 1983-84, involving similar issues and orders passed under section 263.
What were the issues?
1. Whether, in computing property income under section 23 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the Annual Letting Value (ALV) of a 1/3rd share in a self-occupied property should be the sum equivalent to the standard rent under the Rent Control Act or the municipal rateable value. (Assessee's contention: ALV should be based on standard rent. Revenue's contention: ALV should be based on municipal rateable value, as upheld by the ITAT). 2. Whether the Tribunal was right in law in confirming that the orders of the CIT under section 263 of the IT Act, holding that the original assessment computing property income on the basis of municipal rateable value was erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of the revenue, were correct. (This issue arises from the reference concerning earlier assessment years). Assessee relied on decisions in M.V. Sonavala vs. CIT and Sheila Kaushish vs. CIT. Revenue relied on Motichand Hirachand vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation. The High Court also considered its own decision in Smt. Smitaben N. Ambani vs. CIT (Wealth-Tax) and a Full Bench decision of the Delhi High Court followed in CIT vs. Tip Top Typography.
Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?
AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURI ICTION INCOME TAX APPEAL NO. 625 OF 2000 Vimal R. Ambani } Appellant versus The Deputy Commissioner of } Income Tax } Respondent WITH INCOME TAX REFERENCE NO. 269 OF 1999 Vimal R. Ambani } Applicant versus The Commissioner of Income Tax } Respondent Mr. J. D. MistriSenior Advocate with Mr. P. C. Tripathi i/b. Mr. Raj Darak for the Applicant. Mr. Vimal GuptaSenior Advocate with Mr.Sham V. Walve for the Respondent. CORAM : S. C. DHARMADHIKARI & A. K. MENON, JJ. DATED : MARCH 20, 2015 ORAL JUDGMENT: (Per A. K. Menon, J.) By this common order, we dispose of the above Income Tax Reference and the Income Tax Appeal. 2) The Assessee, along with two others had purchased premises for a consideration of Rs.17,75,000/. The Assessee claims to have 1/3rd share in the property. On 29th September, 1986, the Assessee filed return of income at Rs.979/ in respect of assessment year 1986 CNR No : HCBM020016212000
The Appellant/Assessee also submitted a letter, in which, the computation of income was explained and the same was computed on the basis of rateable value as arrived at by Municipal Corporation of Ahmedabad. It was contended that this rateable value should be adopted for purposes of computing the property income. The Assessing Officer, in his order dated 22nd August, 1988 under section 143(3) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, followed the view taken in the earlier years in respect of the same Assessee to the effect that the annual value should be determined on the basis of the standard rent and not on the basis of the rateable value as determined by the Municipal Corporation. He further took the view that in determining the standard rent, the return on the investment should be calculated at 12% and computed the income from house property at Rs.57,760/ instead of Rs.979/ as per the return filed by the Appellant/Assessee. 3) Being aggrieved by the order, the Appellant preferred an Appeal to the Commissioner (Appeals), who dismissed the Appeal upholding the assessment made. In further Appeal before the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, his Appeal came to be dismissed by an order dated 20th October, 1999. It is this order that is the subject matter of challenge in the above Income Tax Appeal. The following question of law has been proposed: “Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the ITAT was right in holding that in computing the property income under section 23 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the Annual Letting Value of 1/3rd share in the selfoccupied property at Vimal House, Ahmedabad has to be the sum equivalent to the standard rent under the Rent Control Act and not the municipal rateable value.” 4) In the meantime, the Tribunal, on the application of the Assessee/Appellant referred the following questions of law, arising out the order of the Tribunal dated 23rd December, 1991 in respect of assessment years 198283 and 198384, for opinion and answer of this Court: “1. Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in holding that Annual Letting Value of the selfoccupied property at Ahmedabad has to be the sum equivalent to the Standard Rent under the Bombay Rent Control Act and not the Municipal Rateable value in computing the property income u/s. 23 of the I. T. Act, 1961?
Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case the Tribunal was right in law in confirming that the orders of the C.I.T. u/s. 263 of the I. T. Act holding that the original assessment computing property income on the basis of the Municipal Rateable value was erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of revenue?” 5) The Tribunal had proceeded on the basis of decisions in respect of the same Assessee in the previous years. 6) Before us, Mr. Mistrilearned Senior Counsel appearing for the Assessee/Appellant has taken us through the decision of this Court Tribunal relied upon a Judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the more recent decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Sheila Kaushish vs. Commissioner of Income Tax reported in (1981) 131 ITR 435 that the annual value of the property is required to be determined with reference to standard rent and not the actual rent received. While deciding the said Appeal in M. V. Sonavala's case (supra), the Division Smt.Smitaben N. Ambani vs. Commissioner of WealthTax reported in (2010) 323 ITR 104 (Bom.), one of the questions raised was, “Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in holding that while applying the provisions of rule 1BB for valuing the selfoccupied property, municipal rateable value has to be adopted instead of standard rent?” This Court held, in respect of the said question, that while applying the provisions of rule 1BB for valuing the selfoccupied property, municipal rateable value with addition of facts of the case at hand, which read as under: “(i) ALV would be the sum at which the property may be reasonably let out by a willing lessor to a willing lessee uninfluenced by any extraneous circumstances. (ii) An inflated or deflated rent based on extraneous consideration may take it out of the bounds of reasonableness. (iii) Actual rent received, in normal circumstances, would be a reliable evidence unless the rent is inflated/deflated by reason of extraneous consideration. (iv) Such ALV, however, cannot exceed the standard rent as per the Rent Control Legislation applicable to the property. (v) if standard rent has not been fixed by the Rent Controller, then it is the duty of the assessing officer to determine the standard rent as per the provisions of rent control enactment. (vi) The standard rent is the upper limit, if the fair rent is less than the standard rent, then it is the fair rent which shall be taken as ALV and not the standard rent.
We would like to remark that still the question remains as to how to determine the reasonable / fair rent. It has been indicated by the Supreme Court that extraneous circumstances may inflate / deflate the “fair rent”. The question would, therefore, be as to what would be circumstances which can be taken into consideration by the Assessing Officer while determining the fair rent. It is not necessary for us to give any opinion in this behalf, as we are not called upon to do so in these appeals. However, we may observe that no particular test can be laid down and it would depend on facts of each case. We would do nothing more than to extract the following passage from the Supreme Court judgment in the case of Motichand Hirachand Vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation, AIR 1968 SC 441, 442 : "It is wellrecognized principle in rating that both gross value and net annual value are estimated by reference to the rent at which the property might reasonably be expected to let from year to year. Various methods of valuation are applied in order to arrive at such hypothetical rent, for instance, by reference to the actual rent paid for the property or for others comparable to it or where there are no rents by reference to the assessments of comparable properties or to the profits carried from the property or to the cost of construction."” 11) (A.K.MENON, J.) (S.C.DHARMADHIKARI, J.) Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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