VASCON ENGINEERS LTD vs. INCOME TAX SETTLEMENT COMMISSION ADDITIONAL BENCH, AND 3 ORS
What did the High Court hold?
The High Court held that the Settlement Commission erred in dismissing the petitioner's application for settlement without proper inquiry. The Court noted that the Commissioner's report, which formed the basis of the dismissal, was contradicted by a subsequent letter from the Assessing Officer acknowledging a prima facie error in the charging of interest under Section 234B for AY 2012-13, indicating that a refund was indeed due. The Court found that the Commission's decision to dismiss the application at the Section 245D(2C) stage, based on a report with questionable grounds (e.g., not annexing the intimation, late service of intimation, and the refund being set off against an equal interest demand), was a flaw in the decision-making process. The Court set aside the impugned order and restored the application to the Commission at the Section 245D(2) stage for fresh disposal after hearing the parties. The Court explicitly stated it would not decide on the issue of whether set-off of refund against tax is permissible, as it was not the basis of the impugned order or the Commissioner's objections.
What were the facts?
The petitioner, Vascon Engineers Limited, challenged an order by the Income Tax Settlement Commission (Commission) dated May 12, 2015, which dismissed its application for settlement of pending assessments for Assessment Years (AY) 2007-08 to 2014-15. The dismissal was based on the ground that the petitioner failed to pay taxes on additional declared income. The petitioner had disclosed additional income of Rs. 13.64 Crores and claimed to have paid Rs. 77 Lakhs in cash and adjusted Rs. 2.37 Crores from refunds due. The Commissioner objected, stating that no refund was due for AY 2012-13 and refunds for AY 2010-11 and 2011-12 were adjusted against demands. The petitioner later discovered an intimation for AY 2012-13 showing a refund of Rs. 8.85 Crores, which was set off against an identical interest demand under Section 234B. The petitioner filed a rectification application for this intimation.
What were the issues?
1. Whether the Settlement Commission, after admitting an application for settlement under Section 245D(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the Act), can declare it invalid due to non-payment of tax on additional income, especially when it had recorded satisfaction earlier? 2. Whether the Settlement Commission erred in dismissing the petitioner's settlement application based solely on the Commissioner's report, which relied on an intimation under Section 143(1) that was later found to contain an apparent mistake regarding refund entitlement and interest charge, without conducting its own inquiry? Assessee's Arguments: - The petitioner argued that once an application is admitted under Section 245D(1), the Commission cannot declare it invalid for non-payment of tax. They relied on the Commission's initial satisfaction order. - The petitioner contended that the Commission's dismissal was based on the Commissioner's report, which was flawed as it did not annex the relevant intimation and the intimation itself was served late and contained an error. They argued that the Commission should have inquired into these suspicious circumstances. Revenue's Arguments: - The revenue, through the Commissioner's report, contended that the petitioner had not satisfied the requirement of paying taxes on additional income because no refund was due for AY 2012-13 and refunds for earlier years were adjusted against demands. This failure, according to the revenue, made the application invalid. - The revenue also argued that allowing a set-off of refund against additional tax payable would contravene Section 245C(1) of the Act, as payment must be made into the treasury.
Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?
Section 245D,Section 245C,Section 143(1),Section 234B,Section 154,Section 245k
AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below
wpl-1800-2015.odt
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURI ICTION WRIT PETITION (L) NO.1800 OF 2015 Vascon Engineers Limited ] 15/16, Hazari Baug, LBS Marg, ] Vikhroli (West), Mumbai 400 083. ] .. Petitioner V/s. 1 Income Tax Settlement Commission ] Additional bench, Mahalaxmi ] Chambers, S. K. Rathod Marg, ] Mahalaxmi, Mumbai 400 034. ] 2 Commissioner of Income Tax ] (central), 3rd Floor, C Wing, ] PMT Building, Shankar Sheth Road, ] Swargate, Pune 411 037. ] 3 Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax ] Income Tax, Central Circle 2(1), ] 4th Floor, C Wing, PMT Building, ] Shankar Sheth Road, Swargate, ] Pune 411 037. ] 4 Union of India ] Aayakar Bhavan, 2nd Floor, ] M. K. Road, Churchgate, ] Mumbai 400 020. ] .. Respondents. Mr. J. D. Mistry, Sr. Advocate with Mr. Mandar Vaidya, for the Petitioner. Mr. Tejveer Singh, for the Respondents. CORAM: M.S.SANKLECHA, & N.M.JAMDAR, JJ. DATE : 9th JULY, 2015. JUDGMENT (Per: SANKLECHA, J) : Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith. Respondent waives service. S.R.JOSHI 1 of 13 CNR No : HCBM020166722015 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt
By consent the Petition taken up for final disposal.
This Petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India challenges the order dated 12th May, 2015 passed under Section 245D (2C) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the Act) by the Settlement Commission (the 'Commission') dismissing the petitioner’s application for settlement of its pending proceedings for Assessment Years 200708 to 2001415. This on the ground that application for settlement as filed is not valid for failure to pay taxes on the additional declared income as contended by the Commissioner of Income Tax(Central) (Commissioner). This resulted in the pending proceeding of the Petitioner for Assessment Years 200708 to 2001415 being restored to the Assessing officer. 4 On 23rd March, 2015, the Petitioner filed an application before the Commission under Section 245C(1) of the Act, seeking to settle its pending assessments for the Assessment Years 200708 to 2014
In its application, the Petitioner disclosed an additional income, aggregating to Rs.13.64Crores for the Assessment Years 200708 to 2014 15 which was not disclosed before the Assessing Officer. The additional income tax payable along with interest thereon on the additional declared income was Rs.2.77Crores. The Petitioner in its application for settlement had explained that it had fulfilled the requirement of paying the tax on the declared additional income by having paid an amount of Rs.77lakhs into the treasury and adjusting an amount of Rs.2.37Crores out of the refund due to the petitioner.
On 31st March, 2015, the Commission passed an order under Section 245D(1) of the Act. In its order dated 31 March 2015 the S.R.JOSHI 2 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt Commission held that the application for settlement is in respect of pending assessments satisfying all technical requirements, including the disclosure of additional income being above the threshold requirements for settlement, payment of additional taxes on the additional income and interest thereon. Thus admitting the Petitioner's application for Settlement.
Thereafter, the Commissioner, namely the Respondent No.2, under Section 245D(2B) of the Act filed its report dated 5th.May 2015 before the Commission. In its report, the Commissioner objected to the Settlement on merits as also on the ground that the requirement of paying the taxes on the additional income disclosed had not been satisfied. This is because no refund was due for the Assessment year 20122013 and refunds for Assessment years 201011 and 201112 had been adjusted against pending demands. Hence, it was submitted that the application be dismissed as the Petitioner had failed to comply with the condition precedent for maintainability of the application before the Commission.
It was only later i.e. on 7th May, 2015, the Petitioner was served with an intimation dated 2nd January, 2014 under Section 143(1) of the Act, for the Assessment Year 201213 by the Assessing Officer. The Intimation, inter alia, reflected that the Petitioner was entitled to a refund of Rs.8.85Crores for Assessment Year 201213. However, the same was set off against interest payable by the Petitioner of the identical amount of Rs.8.85crores under Section 234B of the Act, resulting in 'Nil' refund to the Petitioner for Assessment year 201213. 8. The Petitioner by letter dated 9th May, 2015, filed a rectification application under Section 154 of the Act seeking to rectify the Intimation S.R.JOSHI 3 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt dated 2 January 2015. In its application for rectification, the Petitioner pointed out the mistake apparent from the record of charging Rs.8.85Crores under Section 234B of the Act as interest and seeking to adjust the refund due to the Petitioner to meet the demand of interest. In the meantime on 11May 2015, the Petitioner filed its reply to the report of the Commissioner. In its reply, the Petitioner pointed out that for the Assessment Year 201213, it was entitled to a refund and the Intimation under Section 143(1) of the Act contained error apparent from the record inasmuch as, after holding that the Petitioner is entitled to a refund of Rs.8.85Crores, sets off the same against the interest demanded under Section 234B of the Act.
The Commission without awaiting the fate of the rectification application dated 9May 2015 or itself deciding on the correctness of the Commissioner’s report or the rectification application, by an order dated 12th May, 2015, dismissed the Petitioner's application for settlement. This on the basis of the report of the Commissioner that no refund was due to the Petitioner for the Assessment Years 201011, 201112 and 201213. Consequently, the Petitioner would not be entitled to claim adjustment of the refund due against additional tax payable on the further disclosure of income tax. In the result, the Petitioner's application for settlement was dismissed as invalid.
Consequent to the above, on 22nd June, 2015, the Petitioner received a communication from the Assessing Officer, disposing off the Petitioner's application for rectification dated 18th June, 2015 interalia holding as under: S.R.JOSHI 4 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt “ …. …. …. …. As far as your rectification application is concerned, it may be noted that your contention regarding wrong charge of interest u/s. 234B has been looked into and prima facie your claim that the refunds will arise in A. Y. 201213 appears to be correct. However, this refund is likely to be set off against the demand likely to arise on completion of assessment in your case.”
The aforesaid communication was received by the Petitioner after filing of this Petition. Consequently, leave was granted to amend the Petition and to annex the communication dated 22nd June, 2015 of the Assessing officer to the Petition. No reply to the Petition was filed by the Commissioner or the Assessing officer.
Mr. Mistry, learned Senior Counsel appearing for the Petitioner submits as under: (a) Once the application for settlement has been admitted under Section 245D(1) of the Act, it is not open to the Commission to declare the application invalid/ defective on account of non payment of tax on the additional income. This is particularly so when while passing order dated 30 March 2015 under Section 245D(1) of the Act, the Commission recorded its satisfaction;. (b) The impugned order of the Commission proceeds on basis that the application of the Petitioner for Settlement is invalid on account of deficient payment of tax and interest on the additional amount of income disclosed therein. This merely on the basis of the report of the Commissioner which seeks to rely on Intimation issued under Section 143(1) of the Act in the body of the report to suggest that no refund is due but does not annex to the report a copy of the Intimation but only a computer print out from its office. Moreover, S.R.JOSHI 5 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt the Intimation reflects that the Petitioner was entitled to a refund of Rs.8.85Crores and the same stood adjusted by equal amount of interest charged under Section 234B of the Act. This intimation itself contains an error and calls for rectification; and (c) On 5th May 2015 the date when the Commissioner filed its report under Section 245D(2B) of the Act the petitioner had no notice of the Intimation dated 2 January 2014 as it was served upon the petitioner only on 7th May, 2015. Thus when the application was filed the petitioner did satisfy the requirements of Section 245C of the Act. Moreover the Intimation itself to the extent it adjusts the refund of Rs. 8.85crores due to the petitioner against the demand of interest is admittedly a mistake as is evident from the communication 22 June 2015 of the Assessing officer, holding that, prima facie, the Petitioner's claim for refund for Assessment Year 201213 is correct. Thus the entire exercise of the Commission in not applying its mind to the report of the Commissioner makes the decision making process vulnerable. In the above circumstances it is submitted that the order of the Commission dated 12 May 2015 be set aside and the application be restored to the Commission for fresh disposal.
As against the above, Mr. Tejveer Singh, learned Counsel appearing for the Respondent support the impugned order on the following ground: (a) The condition precedent for an application for settlement application being entertained by the Commission in terms of Section 245C of the Act is that the Petitioner must S.R.JOSHI 6 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt pay the tax and interest on the additional amount of income tax disclosed in the application. According to him, there is no provision for adjustment of refund payable to the Petitioner against demand of tax and interest to be paid by the Petitioner while approaching the Commission for settlement; and (b) Restoring the application to the Commission for fresh disposal would run contrary to the statutory provision viz. Section 245K (2) of the Act. In terms of the above Section where an application for settlement has been allowed to be proceeded with under Section 245(D1) of the Act, then such a person is not entitled to make any further application under Section 245C of the Act. Thus, as the Application for Settlement has been dismissed after the Section 245D(1) stage, restoration would run counter to the clear statutory provision.
Chapter XIXA of the Act provides for Settlement of Cases. The entire object of the Scheme of Settlement provided in Chapter XIXA of the Act is to accelerate the recovery of taxes which may otherwise be stuck in protracted lititgation and also to give an opportunity to an assesee to mend its ways. The incentive to an assesee to approach the Commission by making a clean breast of its activities by disclosing the income not disclosed and paying the tax thereon, is the likely immunity from prosecution and penalty. The statute however expects an assessee who approaches the Commission for settlement to make a true and full disclosure of its undisclosed income and the manner in which such S.R.JOSHI 7 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt income has been earned and pay the taxes. However, such an application for settlement can only be entertained, subject to various preconditions being satisfied, such as pending proceedings before the Assessing Officer, a true and full disclosure of income which has not been disclosed earlier before the Assessing Officer and the manner in which the said income has been earned along with the additional amount of income tax payable on the said income which has to be paid on or before the date of making an application. On the application for settlement being entertained/allowed to proceeded further by the Commission, bestows upon the Commission an exclusive juri iction to deal with the assessment of the person in respect of the assessment years it has been approached. However in case the application for settlement is rejected at any time for any reason, the proceedings (dispute) goes back to the Assessing officer for completion of Assessment in regular proceedings entitling the Assessing officer to utilize all the information disclosed by the assessee in the Settlement proceedings. Till such time the Commission is seized of the proceedings, the Assessing officer shall cease to have juri iction over the assessee for the assessment years under consideration of the Commission.
Keeping in view the above Scheme of Settlement as provided in the Act and also being conscious of the fact that in writ juri iction we are more concerned with examining the decision making process, we shall examine the challenge in the present petition. The issue for examination is whether the dismissal of the Petitioner’s application for settlement at the stage of Section 245(2D) of the Act merely on the ground of the Commissioner’s report dated 5 may 2015 was justified particularly when on the face of it the assertion of the Commissioner required some investigation. S.R.JOSHI 8 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt
The Petitioner made an application for settlement on 23 March 2015 for the Assessment year 200708 to 201415. The petitioner appears to have prima facie satisfied the condition precedent for a valid application for Settlement. This is evident from the order of the Commission dated 31st March, 2015 under Section 245D(1) of the Act – wherein it is recorded that the Petitioner had disclosed its additional income which is above the threshold limit and has also paid the additional tax and interest thereon. This acceptance of the application was on the basis that the Petitioner sought to fulfill requirement of payment of tax by adjusting refund due to it from the revenue.
The contention of the petitioner that in view of the order dated 31st. March 2015 passed under Section 245(D1) of the Act the Revenue and/or the Commission are barred from contending that the conditions precedent to invoke the provisions for Settlement are not satisfied . The requirement of paying the taxes on the additional income disclosed is a juri ictional requirement. Absent satisfaction of the same the Commission would have no juri iction to entertain the application for Settlement and this issue could be noticed at any point of time by the Commission either on its own or at the instance of one of the parties before it. This would by itself warrant dismissal and there is no bar in raising the juri iction issue at any time. Thus the above contention of the petitioner is not acceptable.
Thereafter at the stage of Section 245D(2C) of the Act, the Commissioner filed its report dated 5 May 2015, objecting to the application for Settlement being entertained. In its report dated 5 May 2015, the Commissioner reported that the Additional tax payable on the S.R.JOSHI 9 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt undisclosed income, now being declared, had not been paid and therefore could not have been entertained. This the report stated was in view of the fact that no refund as claimed or any part thereof was due to the Petitioner from the Revenue. In the body of its report, the Commissioner placed reliance upon Intimation issued under Section 143 (1) of the Act to the Petitioner for Assessment Year 201213. However, what is annexed to the report is not intimation under Section 143(1) of the Act but a computer print out which shows a ledger balance available in the office of the Income Tax Department. It is only after the Commissioner filed his report dated 5th May, 2015, was the Petitioner served on 7th. May 2015 with the Intimation dated 2nd January, 2014 under Section 143(1) of the Act for Assessment Year 201213. These facts have not been disputed by the Revenue.
This Intimation dated 2nd. January 2014 served upon the petitioner on 7th. May 2015 on the face of it appears to be incorrect for the reason that after intimating the Petitioner that it is entitled to refund of Rs.8.85crores has adjusted the entire refund to satisfy a demand on account of interest of an equivalent amount of Rs.8.85crores. These facts when brought to notice of the Commission at the hearing should have led the Commission to make some enquiry into it and not accept the Commissioner’s report as unimpeachable. This is particularly so as a rejection at a stage when the petitioner has made full and true disclosure in the spirit of settlement, without proper examination does cause prejudice to the petitioner. A rejection of the application on dubious/suspicious ground made out in the report should not be allowed by the Commission without some enquiry to satisfy itself about the stand of the Commissioner. The circumstances surrounding the Commissioner S.R.JOSHI 10 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt report viz. of equal amount of interest demand to refund granted by the Intimation, not annexing the Intimation to the report and the Intimation itself being served upon the petitioner after over one year of its purported issue and after the Commissioner’s report also raise questions about its authenticity. Thus an unjustified rejection without proper enquiry into the stand of the Revenue would cause prejudice to the assessee as all the information made available during the settlement proceedings would be capable of use by the Assessing officer to the prejudice of the applicant in regular assessment proceedings. Therefore non enquiry into issues which were suspicious, by the Commission, before rejecting the application for settlement evidences a flaw in the decision making process.
The fact that there was a mistake in the Intimation under Section 143(1) of the Act as served upon the Petitioner on 7 May 2015 is also evident from the letter dated 22 June 2015 of the Assessing officer who records:
“…As far as your rectification application is concerned, it may be noted that your contention regarding wrong charge of interest u/s. 234B has been looked into and prima facie your claim that the refunds will arise in A. Y. 201213 appears to be correct.” Possibly if this enquiry was done by the Commission which at the relevant time was seized of the proceeding for Assessment year 201213, the proceedings before the Commission may have taken a different turn.
The Petition in substance questions the conduct of the Commissioner in filing a report indicating that the petitioner is not entitled to refund, even though according to Petitioner, it is entitled to the same. It is pertinent to note that the Commissioner has chosen not to S.R.JOSHI 11 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt file any reply. Non filing of reply, when such serious allegations are made, only lends credence to the stand of the Petitioner. At the very least this would warrant an enquiry by the Commission before deciding the application at the stage of Section 245(2C) of the Act.
We shall now deal with the contention of the Revenue that under Section 245C(1) of the Act, it is not open to the Applicant/ Petitioner before the Commission to seek a set off of the refund due to it against the additional tax payable for the purpose of settling pending assessments before the Commissioner. The payment has to be made into the treasury and not by set off/adjustments. This is contested by the Petitioner and it is submitted that there are numerous orders of the Commission itself allowing such adjustments of the tax payable out of refund due. We venture no opinion on the issue. This is for the reason that it is not the basis of the impugned order of the Commission nor the basis of the objections filed by the Commissioner before the Commission. Both of them have proceeded on the basis that as the Petitioner is not entitled to any refund, consequently occasion for setting off the tax payable for settlement does not arise. This being a new ground and not the basis of the impugned order , we see no reason to examine it at this stage.
The next objection raised by Mr. Tejveer Singh is that restoring the application to the file of the Commission would contravene Section 245k of the Act. This section prohibits a subsequent application by a person whose application for settlement has been allowed to be proceeded with earlier under Section 245D(1) of the Act. It has no bearing on the present dispute in any manner. The setting aside of the impugned order dated 12th May, 2015 and restoring the Petitioner's application to the file of the S.R.JOSHI 12 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt Commission would not amount to filing of a fresh application for settlement but only the earlier application for settlement would stand revived. Accordingly, the second objection taken by the Revenue is also not sustainable.
We take note of the fact that the Commissioner in its report dated 5th May, 2015 before the Commission, had categorically stated that there is no refund due to the Petitioner for Assessment Year 201213. However, the Assessing Officer on receipt of the Petitioner's application for rectification of Intimation, has by a letter dated 22nd June, 2015 informed the Petitioner that charging of interest under Section 234B, prima facie appears to be incorrect and the Petitioner would be entitled to the refund as claimed for the Assessment Year 201213. The aforesaid communication sets at naught the report of the Commissioner dated 5th May, 2015 that no refund is due to the Petitioner for the Assessment Year 201213. 25. It is in these circumstances that we set aside the impugned order dated 12th May, 2015 and restore the application to the Commission at Section 245D(2) stage for fresh disposal after hearing the parties.
All contentions are left open. We also make it clear that the Commission would decide the issue before it in accordance with law , without in any manner being influenced by any observations made herein.
Rule made absolute in above terms. No order as to costs. (N.M.JAMDAR, J.) (M.S.SANKLECHA, J.) S.R.JOSHI 13 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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