VASCON ENGINEERS LTD vs. INCOME TAX SETTLEMENT COMMISSION ADDITIONAL BENCH, AND 3 ORS

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WP/1778/2015HC Bombay09 July 2015Author: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE M.S. SANKLECHA, HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE NITIN JAMDAR13 pages
AI SummaryRemanded

What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the Settlement Commission erred in dismissing the petitioner's application for settlement without proper inquiry. The Court noted that the Commissioner's report, which formed the basis of the dismissal, was contradicted by a subsequent letter from the Assessing Officer acknowledging a prima facie error in the charging of interest under Section 234B for AY 2012-13, indicating that a refund was indeed due. The Court found that the Commission's decision to dismiss the application at the Section 245D(2C) stage, based on a report with questionable grounds (e.g., not annexing the intimation, late service of intimation, and the refund being set off against an equal interest demand), was a flaw in the decision-making process. The Court set aside the impugned order and restored the application to the Commission at the Section 245D(2) stage for fresh disposal after hearing the parties. The Court explicitly stated it would not decide on the issue of whether set-off of refund against tax is permissible, as it was not the basis of the impugned order or the Commissioner's objections.

What were the facts?

The petitioner, Vascon Engineers Limited, challenged an order by the Income Tax Settlement Commission (Commission) dated May 12, 2015, which dismissed its application for settlement of pending assessments for Assessment Years (AY) 2007-08 to 2014-15. The dismissal was based on the ground that the petitioner failed to pay taxes on additional declared income. The petitioner had disclosed additional income of Rs. 13.64 Crores and claimed to have paid Rs. 77 Lakhs in cash and adjusted Rs. 2.37 Crores from refunds due. The Commissioner objected, stating that no refund was due for AY 2012-13 and refunds for AY 2010-11 and 2011-12 were adjusted against demands. The petitioner later discovered an intimation for AY 2012-13 showing a refund of Rs. 8.85 Crores, which was set off against an identical interest demand under Section 234B. The petitioner filed a rectification application for this intimation.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the Settlement Commission, after admitting an application for settlement under Section 245D(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the Act), can declare it invalid due to non-payment of tax on additional income, especially when it had recorded satisfaction earlier? 2. Whether the Settlement Commission erred in dismissing the petitioner's settlement application based solely on the Commissioner's report, which relied on an intimation under Section 143(1) that was later found to contain an apparent mistake regarding refund entitlement and interest charge, without conducting its own inquiry? Assessee's Arguments: - The petitioner argued that once an application is admitted under Section 245D(1), the Commission cannot declare it invalid for non-payment of tax. They relied on the Commission's initial satisfaction order. - The petitioner contended that the Commission's dismissal was based on the Commissioner's report, which was flawed as it did not annex the relevant intimation and the intimation itself was served late and contained an error. They argued that the Commission should have inquired into these suspicious circumstances. Revenue's Arguments: - The revenue, through the Commissioner's report, contended that the petitioner had not satisfied the requirement of paying taxes on additional income because no refund was due for AY 2012-13 and refunds for earlier years were adjusted against demands. This failure, according to the revenue, made the application invalid. - The revenue also argued that allowing a set-off of refund against additional tax payable would contravene Section 245C(1) of the Act, as payment must be made into the treasury.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 245D,Section 245C,Section 143(1),Section 234B,Section 154,Section 245k

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wpl-1800-2015.odt

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURI ICTION WRIT PETITION (L) NO.1800 OF 2015 Vascon Engineers Limited ] 15/16, Hazari Baug, LBS Marg, ] Vikhroli (West), Mumbai 400 083. ] .. Petitioner V/s. 1 Income Tax Settlement Commission ] Additional bench, Mahalaxmi ] Chambers, S. K. Rathod Marg, ] Mahalaxmi, Mumbai 400 034. ] 2 Commissioner of Income Tax ] (central), 3rd Floor, C Wing, ] PMT Building, Shankar Sheth Road, ] Swargate, Pune 411 037. ] 3 Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax ] Income Tax, Central Circle 2(1), ] 4th Floor, C Wing, PMT Building, ] Shankar Sheth Road, Swargate, ] Pune 411 037. ] 4 Union of India ] Aayakar Bhavan, 2nd Floor, ] M. K. Road, Churchgate, ] Mumbai 400 020. ] .. Respondents. Mr. J. D. Mistry, Sr. Advocate with Mr. Mandar Vaidya, for the Petitioner. Mr. Tejveer Singh, for the Respondents. CORAM:  M.S.SANKLECHA, & N.M.JAMDAR, JJ. DATE    :  9th JULY, 2015. JUDGMENT (Per: SANKLECHA, J) :­ Rule.  Rule made returnable forthwith.  Respondent waives service. S.R.JOSHI 1 of 13 CNR No : HCBM020166722015 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt

2.

By consent the Petition taken up for final disposal.

3.

This Petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India challenges the order dated 12th  May, 2015 passed under Section 245D (2C) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the Act) by the Settlement Commission (the 'Commission') dismissing the petitioner’s application for settlement of its pending proceedings for Assessment Years 2007­08 to 20014­15. This on the ground that application for settlement as filed is not valid for failure to pay taxes on the additional declared income as contended by the Commissioner of Income Tax(Central) (Commissioner). This resulted in the pending proceeding of the Petitioner for Assessment Years 2007­08 to 20014­15 being restored to the Assessing officer. 4 On   23rd  March,   2015,   the   Petitioner   filed   an   application before the   Commission under Section 245C(1) of the Act, seeking to settle its pending assessments for the Assessment Years 2007­08 to 2014­

15.

In its application, the Petitioner disclosed an additional   income, aggregating to Rs.13.64Crores for the Assessment Years 2007­08 to 2014­ 15 which was not disclosed before the Assessing Officer. The additional income tax payable along with interest thereon on the additional declared income was Rs.2.77Crores. The Petitioner in its application for settlement had explained that it had fulfilled the requirement of paying the tax on the declared additional income by having paid an amount of Rs.77lakhs into the treasury and adjusting   an amount of Rs.2.37Crores out of the refund due to the petitioner.

5.

On   31st  March,   2015,   the   Commission   passed   an   order   under Section   245D(1)   of   the   Act.   In   its   order   dated   31   March   2015   the S.R.JOSHI 2 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt Commission   held   that   the   application   for   settlement   is   in   respect   of pending assessments satisfying all technical requirements, including the disclosure of additional  income being above the threshold requirements for settlement, payment of additional taxes on the additional income and interest   thereon.   Thus     admitting   the   Petitioner's   application   for Settlement.

6.

Thereafter, the Commissioner, namely the Respondent No.2, under Section 245D(2B) of the Act  filed its report dated 5th.May 2015 before the Commission. In its report, the Commissioner objected to the Settlement on merits as also on the ground that the requirement of paying the taxes on the additional income disclosed had not been satisfied. This is because no refund was due for the Assessment year 2012­2013 and refunds for Assessment   years   2010­11   and   2011­12   had   been   adjusted   against pending   demands.   Hence,   it   was   submitted   that   the   application   be dismissed   as   the   Petitioner   had   failed   to   comply   with   the   condition precedent for maintainability of the application before the Commission.

7.

It was only later i.e. on 7th  May, 2015, the Petitioner was served with an intimation dated 2nd January, 2014 under Section 143(1) of the Act, for the Assessment Year 2012­13 by the Assessing Officer.   The Intimation, inter alia, reflected that the Petitioner was  entitled   to   a refund of Rs.8.85Crores for Assessment Year 2012­13. However, the same was set off against interest payable by the Petitioner of the identical amount of Rs.8.85crores under Section 234B of the Act, resulting in 'Nil' refund to the Petitioner for Assessment year 2012­13. 8. The Petitioner by letter dated 9th  May, 2015, filed a rectification application under Section 154 of the Act seeking to rectify the Intimation S.R.JOSHI 3 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt dated 2 January 2015. In its application for rectification, the Petitioner pointed   out   the   mistake   apparent   from   the   record   of   charging Rs.8.85Crores under Section 234B of the Act as interest and seeking to adjust the refund due to the Petitioner to meet the demand of interest. In the meantime on 11May 2015, the Petitioner filed its reply to the report of the Commissioner. In its reply, the Petitioner pointed out that for the Assessment Year 2012­13, it was entitled to a refund and the Intimation under Section 143(1) of the Act contained error  apparent   from   the record inasmuch as, after holding that the  Petitioner   is   entitled   to   a refund of Rs.8.85Crores, sets off the   same   against   the   interest demanded under Section 234B of the Act.

9.

The   Commission   without   awaiting   the   fate   of   the   rectification application dated 9May 2015 or itself deciding on the correctness of the Commissioner’s report or the rectification application, by an order dated 12th May, 2015, dismissed the  Petitioner's   application   for   settlement. This on the basis of the  report of the Commissioner that no refund was due to the Petitioner for the Assessment Years 2010­11, 2011­12 and 2012­13. Consequently, the Petitioner would not be entitled to claim adjustment of the refund due against additional tax payable on the further disclosure of income tax. In the result, the Petitioner's application for settlement was dismissed as invalid.

10.

Consequent   to   the   above,   on   22nd  June,   2015,   the   Petitioner received a communication from the Assessing Officer, disposing off the Petitioner's application for rectification dated 18th  June, 2015 interalia holding as under:­ S.R.JOSHI 4 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt “ …. …. …. …. As far as your rectification application is concerned, it may be noted that your contention regarding wrong charge of interest u/s. 234B has been looked into and prima facie your claim that the refunds will arise in A. Y. 2012­13 appears to be correct. However, this refund is likely to be set off against the demand likely to arise on completion of assessment in your case.”

11.

The aforesaid communication was received by the Petitioner after filing of this Petition.  Consequently, leave was granted to amend the Petition and to annex the communication dated 22nd  June, 2015 of the Assessing officer to the Petition. No reply to the Petition was filed by the Commissioner or the Assessing officer.

12.

Mr.   Mistry,   learned   Senior   Counsel   appearing   for   the Petitioner submits as under:­ (a) Once   the   application   for   settlement   has   been   admitted   under Section 245D(1) of the Act, it is not open to the  Commission   to declare the application invalid/ defective on account of non­ payment of tax on the additional income.  This is particularly  so when  while passing order dated 30  March  2015  under Section 245D(1) of the Act, the Commission recorded its satisfaction;. (b) The impugned order of the Commission proceeds on basis that the application of the Petitioner for Settlement is invalid on account of deficient payment of tax and interest on the additional amount of income disclosed therein. This merely on the basis of the report of the Commissioner which seeks to rely on Intimation issued under Section 143(1) of the Act in the body of the report to suggest that no refund is due but does not annex to the report a copy of the Intimation but only  a computer print out from its office. Moreover, S.R.JOSHI 5 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt the Intimation reflects that the Petitioner was entitled to a refund of Rs.8.85Crores and the same stood adjusted by equal amount of interest charged under Section 234B of the Act.   This intimation itself contains an error and calls for rectification; and (c) On 5th May 2015 the date when the Commissioner filed its report under Section 245D(2B) of the Act the petitioner had no notice of the Intimation dated 2 January 2014 as it was served upon the petitioner only on 7th  May, 2015. Thus when the application was filed the petitioner did satisfy the requirements of Section 245C of the Act. Moreover the Intimation itself to the extent it adjusts the refund of Rs. 8.85crores due to the petitioner against the demand of interest   is   admittedly   a   mistake   as     is   evident   from   the communication 22 June 2015 of the Assessing officer, holding that, prima facie, the Petitioner's claim for refund for Assessment Year 2012­13 is correct. Thus the entire exercise of the Commission in not applying its mind to the report of the Commissioner makes the decision making process vulnerable. In   the   above   circumstances   it   is   submitted   that   the   order   of   the Commission dated 12 May 2015 be set aside and the application be restored to the Commission for fresh disposal.

13.

As against the above, Mr. Tejveer Singh, learned Counsel appearing   for   the   Respondent   support   the   impugned   order   on   the following ground: (a) The   condition   precedent   for   an   application   for settlement  application being entertained by the Commission in terms of Section 245C of the Act is that the Petitioner must S.R.JOSHI 6 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt pay the tax and interest on the additional amount of income tax disclosed in the application.  According to him, there is no provision for adjustment of refund payable to the Petitioner against   demand   of   tax   and   interest   to   be   paid   by   the Petitioner while approaching the Commission for settlement; and (b) Restoring the application to the Commission for fresh disposal would run contrary to the statutory provision viz. Section 245K (2) of the Act.  In terms of the above Section where an  application for settlement has been allowed   to be proceeded with  under Section 245(D1) of the Act, then such  a person is not entitled to make any further application under Section 245C of the Act.  Thus, as the Application for Settlement   has   been   dismissed   after   the   Section   245D(1) stage, restoration would run counter to the clear statutory provision.

14.

Chapter XIX­A of the Act provides for Settlement of Cases.   The entire object of the Scheme of Settlement provided in Chapter XIXA of the Act is to accelerate the recovery of taxes which may otherwise be stuck in protracted lititgation and   also to give an opportunity to an assesee to mend its ways. The incentive to an assesee to approach the Commission by making a clean breast of its activities by disclosing the income not disclosed   and   paying   the   tax   thereon,   is   the   likely   immunity   from prosecution and penalty. The statute however expects an assessee who approaches   the   Commission   for   settlement   to   make   a   true   and   full disclosure   of   its   undisclosed   income   and   the   manner   in   which   such S.R.JOSHI 7 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt income has been earned and pay the taxes.  However, such an application for settlement can only be entertained, subject to various pre­conditions being satisfied, such as pending proceedings before the Assessing Officer, a true and full disclosure of income which has not been disclosed earlier before the Assessing Officer and the manner in which the said income has been earned along with the additional amount of income tax payable on the said income which has to be paid on or before the date of making an application.  On the application for settlement  being entertained/allowed to proceeded further by the Commission, bestows upon  the Commission an exclusive juri iction to deal with the assessment of the person in respect of the assessment years it has been approached. However in case the application for settlement is rejected at any time for any reason, the proceedings (dispute) goes back to the Assessing officer for completion of Assessment in regular proceedings entitling the Assessing officer to utilize all   the   information   disclosed   by   the   assessee   in   the     Settlement proceedings.  Till such time the Commission  is seized of the proceedings, the Assessing officer shall cease to have juri iction over the assessee for the assessment years under consideration of the Commission.

15.

Keeping in view the above Scheme of Settlement as provided in the Act and also being conscious of the fact that in writ juri iction we are more concerned with examining the decision making process, we shall examine the challenge in the present petition.  The issue for examination is whether the dismissal of the Petitioner’s application for settlement at the stage of Section 245(2D) of the Act merely on the ground of the Commissioner’s report dated 5 may 2015 was justified particularly when on   the   face   of   it   the   assertion   of   the   Commissioner   required   some investigation. S.R.JOSHI 8 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt

16.

The Petitioner made an application for settlement on 23 March 2015 for the Assessment year 2007­08 to 2014­15. The petitioner appears to have prima facie satisfied the condition precedent for a valid application for Settlement. This is evident  from the order of the Commission dated 31st  March,   2015   under   Section   245D(1)   of   the   Act   –   wherein   it   is recorded that the Petitioner had disclosed its additional income which is above the threshold limit and has also paid the additional tax and interest thereon.   This acceptance of the application was on the basis that the Petitioner sought to fulfill requirement of payment of tax by adjusting refund due to it from the revenue.

17.

The contention of the petitioner that in view of the order dated 31st. March  2015   passed  under  Section  245(D1)  of  the  Act     the  Revenue and/or the Commission  are barred from contending that the conditions precedent to invoke the provisions for Settlement are not satisfied . The requirement of paying the taxes on the additional income disclosed is a juri ictional   requirement.   Absent   satisfaction   of   the   same   the Commission would have no juri iction to entertain the application for Settlement  and this issue could be noticed at any point of time by the Commission either on its own or at the instance of one of the parties before it.  This would by itself warrant dismissal and there is no bar in raising the juri iction issue at any time. Thus the above contention of the petitioner is not acceptable.

18.

Thereafter   at   the   stage   of   Section   245D(2C)   of   the   Act,   the Commissioner   filed   its   report   dated   5   May   2015,   objecting   to   the application for Settlement being entertained. In its report dated 5 May 2015, the Commissioner reported that the Additional tax payable on the S.R.JOSHI 9 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt undisclosed income, now being declared, had not been paid and therefore could not have been entertained. This the report stated was in view of the fact   that   no   refund   as   claimed   or   any   part   thereof   was   due   to   the Petitioner from the Revenue. In the body of its report, the Commissioner placed reliance upon Intimation issued under Section 143 (1) of the Act to the Petitioner for Assessment Year 2012­13. However, what is annexed to the   report   is   not   intimation   under   Section   143(1)   of   the   Act   but   a computer print out which shows a ledger balance available in the office of the Income Tax Department.  It is only after the Commissioner filed his report dated 5th May, 2015, was the Petitioner served on 7th. May 2015 with the Intimation dated 2nd January, 2014 under Section 143(1) of the Act for Assessment Year 2012­13. These facts have not been disputed by the Revenue.

19.

This Intimation dated 2nd. January 2014 served upon the petitioner on 7th. May 2015 on the face of it appears to be incorrect for the reason that     after   intimating   the   Petitioner   that   it   is   entitled   to   refund   of Rs.8.85crores   has   adjusted  the   entire   refund  to   satisfy   a   demand  on account of interest of an equivalent amount of Rs.8.85crores. These facts when brought to notice of the Commission at the hearing should have led the Commission to make some enquiry into it and not accept the Commissioner’s report as unimpeachable.   This is particularly so as a rejection at a stage when the petitioner has made full and true disclosure in   the   spirit   of   settlement,   without   proper   examination   does   cause prejudice   to   the   petitioner.     A   rejection   of   the   application   on dubious/suspicious ground made out in the report should not be allowed by the Commission without some enquiry to satisfy itself about the stand of the Commissioner. The circumstances surrounding the Commissioner S.R.JOSHI 10 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt report viz. of equal amount of interest demand to refund granted by the Intimation, not annexing the Intimation to the report and the Intimation itself being served upon the petitioner after over one year of its purported issue and after the Commissioner’s report also raise questions about its authenticity. Thus an unjustified rejection without proper enquiry into the stand of the Revenue   would cause prejudice to the assessee as all the information made available during the settlement proceedings would be capable of use by the Assessing officer to the prejudice of the applicant in regular assessment proceedings. Therefore non enquiry into issues which were suspicious, by the Commission, before rejecting the application for settlement evidences a flaw in the decision making process.

20.

The fact that there was a mistake in the Intimation under Section 143(1) of  the Act as served upon the Petitioner on 7 May 2015 is also evident  from the letter dated 22 June 2015 of the Assessing officer who records:

“…As far as your rectification application is concerned, it may be noted that your contention regarding wrong charge of interest u/s. 234B has been looked into and prima facie your claim that the refunds will arise in A. Y. 2012­13 appears to be correct.” Possibly   if   this   enquiry   was   done   by   the   Commission   which     at   the relevant time was seized of the proceeding for Assessment year 2012­13, the proceedings before the Commission may have taken a different turn.

21.

The   Petition   in   substance   questions   the   conduct   of   the Commissioner   in   filing   a   report   indicating   that   the   petitioner   is   not entitled to refund, even though according to Petitioner, it  is entitled to the same.  It is pertinent to note that the Commissioner has chosen not to S.R.JOSHI 11 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt file any reply.   Non filing of reply, when such serious allegations are made, only lends credence to the stand of the Petitioner. At the very least this would warrant an enquiry   by the Commission before deciding the application at the stage of Section 245(2C) of the Act.

22.

We shall now deal with the contention of the Revenue that under   Section 245C(1) of the Act, it is not open to the Applicant/ Petitioner before the Commission to seek a set off of the refund due to it against the additional tax payable for the purpose of settling pending assessments before the Commissioner. The payment has to be made into the   treasury and not by set off/adjustments. This is contested by the Petitioner and it is submitted  that  there are numerous orders of the Commission itself allowing such adjustments of the tax payable out of refund due. We venture no opinion on the issue. This is for the reason that it   is not the basis of the impugned order of the Commission nor the basis of the objections filed by the Commissioner before the Commission. Both of them have proceeded on the basis that as the Petitioner is not entitled to any refund, consequently occasion for setting off the tax payable for settlement does not arise. This being  a new ground and not the basis of the impugned order , we see no reason to examine it  at this stage.

23.

The next objection raised by Mr. Tejveer Singh is that restoring the application to  the file of the Commission would contravene Section 245k of the Act.  This section prohibits a subsequent application by a person whose application for settlement  has been allowed to be proceeded with earlier under Section 245D(1) of the Act.  It has no bearing on the present dispute in any manner.  The setting aside of the impugned order dated 12th May, 2015 and restoring the Petitioner's application to the file of the S.R.JOSHI 12 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wpl-1800-2015.odt Commission   would   not   amount   to   filing   of   a   fresh   application   for settlement but only the earlier application for settlement would stand revived. Accordingly, the second objection taken by the Revenue is also not sustainable.

24.

We take note of the fact that the Commissioner in its report dated 5th May, 2015 before the Commission, had categorically stated that there is no refund due to the Petitioner for Assessment Year 2012­13. However, the Assessing Officer on receipt of the  Petitioner's application for rectification  of Intimation,  has  by a letter dated 22nd  June,  2015 informed the Petitioner that charging of interest under Section 234B, prima facie appears to be incorrect and the Petitioner would be entitled to the refund as claimed for the Assessment Year 2012­13. The aforesaid communication sets at naught the report of the Commissioner dated 5th May, 2015 that no refund is due to the Petitioner for the Assessment Year 2012­13. 25. It is in these circumstances that we set aside the impugned order dated 12th  May, 2015 and restore the application to the Commission at Section 245D(2) stage for fresh disposal after hearing the parties.

26.

All  contentions   are   left   open.  We    also  make   it   clear   that   the Commission would decide the issue before it in accordance with law , without in any manner being influenced by any observations made herein.

27.

Rule made absolute in above terms. No order as to costs. (N.M.JAMDAR, J.) (M.S.SANKLECHA, J.) S.R.JOSHI 13 of 13 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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