ARUNKUMAR J. MUCHHALA vs. THE COMMISSIONER OF INCOME-TAX-8

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ITXA/363/2015HC Bombay24 August 2017Author: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE S.C. DHARMADHIKARI, HON'BLE SMT. JUSTICE VIBHA VASANT KANKANWADI10 pages
AI SummaryDismissed

What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the facts as emerged before the Assessing Officer were not in dispute. The assessee did not deny receiving loan amounts or cash deposits from the persons whose names were revealed from his bank account. The Court found that the assessee's claim of not maintaining books of account was raised for the first time before the High Court. It was observed that when an assessee is doing business, it is incumbent upon him to maintain proper books of account in any form, and he cannot take advantage of his own wrong if he fails to do so. The burden lies on the assessee to show the source and nature of the amounts received. Section 68 of the Income Tax Act applies where the assessee offers no explanation or an unsatisfactory explanation regarding the nature and source of credits in the books of account. The Court noted that huge amounts were credited to the assessee's account, and the source was discovered by the AO from the bank passbook. The Court found that amounts for which the source and nature were explained had been deleted by appellate forums. However, for the remaining disputed amounts (Rs. 9,00,000 from M/s. Pooja Corporation, Rs. 7,00,000 from M/s. Pooja Enterprises, Rs. 24,00,000 from Shri. Ashok Mehta, Rs. 18,00,000 from Mr. Ajay Shah), no documents were produced, and confirmations were not obtained. Therefore, the authorities below rightly held that the nature of the transaction was not properly shown by the appellant. The ratio of the authorities relied upon by the assessee was not applicable as, in those cases, entries were confirmed or books of account showed credits from undisclosed sources. The Court concluded that the appellant failed to produce relevant documents and explain the nature and source of amounts received, making the orders of the AO and appellate authorities justified. No substantial question of law was found.

What were the facts?

The assessee, Shri Arunkumar J. Muchhala, filed his return for Assessment Year 1996-97 on December 27, 1996, declaring a total income of Rs. 6,00,570. The case was selected for scrutiny. The Assessing Officer (AO) noted that the assessee had income from rent, share of profit, salary, and other sources, and also included income of his minor children amounting to Rs. 3,15,459. Despite multiple notices and adjournments, the assessee, through his advocate, repeatedly sought time to furnish details, including those related to NRI gifts and loans. Ultimately, the AO treated certain amounts received as unexplained cash credits and added them to the assessee's total income, which was determined at Rs. 1,26,88,794. The Commissioner (Appeals) partly allowed the appeal, deleting some entries, but the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) dismissed the assessee's further appeal.

What were the issues?

1. Whether Section 68 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, is applicable when the assessee claims not to have maintained books of account, and the credits are discovered from bank statements? (Question of law) Assessee's Contention: The assessee argued that Section 68 is not applicable as no books of account were maintained. He contended that amounts found in bank statements, if not entered in books of account, cannot be added to income. Reliance was placed on decisions in Baladin Ram v. CIT, CIT v. Bhaichand H. Gandhi, Anand Ram Raitani v. CIT, and CIT v. Smt. Usha Jain, emphasizing that Section 68 applies only to amounts credited in the assessee's books. The assessee also argued that authorities below failed to consider documents showing loan amounts received by cheque, which were returned as bookings for flats did not materialize. Revenue's Contention: The revenue argued that the orders passed by the authorities were correct. They submitted that numerous opportunities were given to the assessee to produce documents, but he failed to do so. The revenue asserted that it was the assessee's duty to explain the nature and source of cash deposits, and since he failed to do so, the addition under Section 68 was justified. Reliance was placed on Sudhir Kumar Sharma (HUF) v. CIT, which held that the addition under Section 68 is justified when the assessee fails to explain cash deposits, and the Supreme Court's dismissal of the SLP in that case.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 68,Section 143(1)(a),Section 143(2),Section 142(1),Section 271(1)(b),Section 274

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Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
habeeb 1 ITXA.363.15  IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION    INCOME TAX APPEAL No. 363 of 2015 Shri. Arunkumar J. Muchhala …. Appellant Versus The Commissioner of Income­Tax ­ 8 …. Respondent …  Mr. D. C. Jain for the Appellant. Mr. N. C. Mohanty for the Respondent. CORAM   : S. C. DHARMADHIKARI & SMT. VIBHA KANKANWADI, J. J. DATE ON WHICH THE JUDGMENT IS RESERVED: 14.08.2017 DATE ON WHICH THE JUDGMENT IS PRONOUNCED: 24.08.2017

JUDGMENT (PER: SMT. VIBHA KANKANWADI, J)

1.

This   appeal   challenges   an   order   of   the   Income   Tax Appellate Tribunal dated 30­07­2014. 2. Shri. D. C. Jain, appearing for appellate has submitted that the   questions   of   law   at   page   No.   20   &   21   of   the   paper­book   are substantial questions of law deserving admission of this appeal.

3.

The   factual   matrix   leading   to   the   appeal,   as   noted   by Assessing Officer are that appellant had filed return for the Assessment Year 1996­97 on 27­12­1996 declaring total income at Rs.6,00,570/­. CNR No : HCBM020283702014 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 The return was processed u/s. 143 (1) (a) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (for short I. T. Act), the case was taken up for scrutiny. The assessee had got income from rent, share of profit from R. F., Salary and income from other   sources.   Assessee  had  also  returned  the   income   of   his   minor children amounting to Rs.3,15,459/­. Notice u/s. 143 (2) of the I. T. Act was issued on 8­07­1998 fixing the date of hearing on 28­07­1998. Nobody appeared on behalf of assessee. A notice u/s. 274 (1) (b) of the I. T. Act was therefore, issued for said default fixing hearing on 7­8­ 1998 and another notice dated 30­07­1998 u/s. 142 (1), fixing the hearing on 07­08­1998 was issued. Appellant was called upon to furnish information.  Again, nobody  attended the  hearing,  however, a letter dated 06­08­1998, addressed by M/s. D. C. Jain, Advocates was received by the office on 12­08­1998. It was mentioned by the Advocate that his client would require 15 days to comply with details. Said Advocate attended the hearing on adjourned date and again sought time for the preparation. Nobody attended the next adjourned date i. e. 10­09­1998. Once again, notice u/s. 271 (1) (b) r/w. 274 of I. T. Act was issued and next date of hearing was informed. Some details were filed on 24­09­ 1998. However, the details in respect of points Nos. (I), (ii) and (ix) to (xix) of notice u/s. 142 (1) dated 30­07­1998 were not filed. Learned Advocate was asked to file proof of NRI gift received. There was no compliance of the same on 07­10­1998, but thereafter a letter was Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 received   on   23­10­1998,   stating   that   details   are   under   preparation. Again there was no compliance on 06­11­1998 and therefore, notice was issued. Advocate attended the date of hearing on 19­11­1998. He was requested to give details as under : I) Details of N. R. I. Gift alongwith nature of relationship with donee i.e. the assessee. (ii) Details in respect of the following remaining items in the notice u/s. 142 (1) dated 30­07­1998; item Nos. (i), (ii), (ix) to (xix), (iii) Letter of Authority Thereafter, also on some occasions, the matter was not attended and then when notices were issued, the assessee took time on the   point   of   preparation.   Further   information   was   called   from   the Assessee through Advocate on 21­01­1999. However, same response was received from the Assessee. It was submitted on behalf of assessee on   11­03­1999,   that   the   loan   and   interest   statement   was   under preparation and copy of the account of 8 parties from whom loans were taken with confirmations were under preparation. Further opportunity was not given by the Assessing Officer, taking into consideration the response and attitude of the appellant.

4.

The   facts   emerged   further   were   that   the   assessee   had received NIR gift of Rs.33.82,224/­ by way of India Development Bonds from one Shri. Ashok Dhirajlal Parikh, who was friend of the assessee. Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Further, the assessee had taken loan from Shri. Ajay Shah to the tune of Rs.18,00,000/­,   M/s.   Pooja   Corporation   Rs.   9,00,000/­,   Shri.   Ashok Mehta Rs. 21,00,000/­, Saibaba International Rs.2,40,000/­, Shri. Ashok Shah   Rs.   3,00,000/­,   Suraj   Maticland   (P)   Ltd.   Rs.   10,00,000/­, Muchhala   Magicland   Rs.6,06,000/­,   Arunkumar   &   Associates Rs.2,60,000/­,   Continental   Corporation   Rs.3,00,000/­,   M/s.   Muchhal Magicland   Pvt.   Ltd.   Rs.1,00,000/­,   Shri.   Chandulal   C.   Patel Rs.3,00,000/­. The Assessing Officer had come to the conclusion that since no confirmations have been given in respect of these amounts, they will have to be treated as unexplained cash credits and therefore the said amounts were added to the total income of the assessee. After the   calculation   the   total   gross   income   of   the   assessee   was   held   at Rs.1,26,88,794/­.

5.

The   Appellant   preferred  appeal   to   the   Commissioner   of Income­Tax (Appeals), bearing No. CIT (A)XIX/IT/ROT­46/99­00 and challenged the said decision of the Assessing Officer. Appeal came to be partly allowed on 29­11­2010. It was found that explanation has been given in respect of some of the loan amounts and therefore, the said entries came to be deleted. Other entries were considered and no relief was given in respect of those remaining amounts.

6.

Being   aggrieved   by   the   said   order,   Petitioner   preferred further appeal to the Income­Tax Appellate Tribunal bearing No. ITA Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 No.1341/Mum/2011. The said appeal came to be dismissed on 30­07­ 2014. Present appeal challenges the said order.

7.

It has been vehemently argued on behalf of appellant that Books of accounts have not been maintained by the Petitioner and

therefore Sec. 68 of I. T. Act will not be applicable. Though it is a fact that certain amounts were taken by the Petitioner from those persons, yet, when entries of the same have not been taken in the books of accounts, they can not be added to the income of the Appellant for the assessment of tax. These entries have been  found by the  Assessing Officer   on   the   basis   of   Bank   Statement.   No   other   document   was considered by him, before issuing order. Reliance has been placed on the decision in Baladin Ram v/s. Commissioner of Income­Tax, U. P. reported in 1969 (71) ITR 427; wherein it has been held that, “Even under the provisions embodied in Section 68 of Income­Tax Act, 1961, it is only when any amount  is found credited in the books of the assessee for  any previous  year that  the section  will apply, and the amount   so   credited   may   be   charged   to   tax   as   the   income   of   that previous year, if the assessee offers no explanation or the explanation offered by him is not satisfactory”. Similar ratio has been laid down in Commissioner   of  Income­Tax,   Poona   v/s.   Bhaichand   H.   Gandhi reported   in  1983   (141)   ITR   67,   Anand   Ram   Raitani   v/s. Commissioner   of   Income­Tax  reported   in  1997   (223)   ITR   544, Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Commissioner of Income­Tax v/s. Smt. Usha Jain reported in 1990 (182) ITR 487. 8. It has been further submitted that Sec. 68 of Income­Tax Act is a charging section and it is also a deeming provision. Learned Counsel appearing for appellant relied on the decision in Commissioner of Income­Tax v/s. Taj Borewells  reported in  2007 (291) ITR 232; wherein it has been observed that, “ Unless the following circumstances exist, the Revenue cannot rely on Section 68 of the Act : (a) Credit in the books of an assessee maintained for the year, (b) the assessee offers no explanation or if the assessee offers an explanation the Assessing Officer is of the opinion that it is not satisfactory, and the sum so credited   is   chargeable   to   tax   as   “income   from   other   sources”.   The assessee alone has to offer an explanation. If the assessee makes an explanation, it is for the Assessing Officer to accept it or reject it”.

9.

It has been further submitted on behalf of appellant that the authorities below have failed to take into consideration the documents produced by the Appellant. The loan amounts were received by cheques and some of them were in respect of booking of the flats. The booking could not be materialized and therefore, cheques were returned and there was no credit at the end of the year. The amount ought not to have been held to be liable to be added in the income of the Petitioner.

10.

Per contra, it has been submitted on behalf of Revenue that Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 the   orders   passed   by   the   said   Authorities   are   correct.   Many opportunities   were   given   to   the   Appellant   to   produce   relevant document/ documents in order to substantiate and prove his version. Appellant had failed to give the further details of the persons from whom the loan was allegedly taken. It was the bounden duty of the assessee to explain the nature and source of cash deposits. It has been therefore, rightly held that assessee can not take any advantage of the transaction as he had not kept any books of accounts. Reliance has been placed   on   the   decision   in  Sudhir   Kumar   Sharma   (HUF)   v/s. Commissioner of Income­Tax – III, Ludhiana reported in [2014] 224 Taxmann 178. It has been held that, “When during the assessment proceedings, Assessment Officer noticed that assessee had deposited huge amount of cash in his bank account; the addition of the said amount in the income of the assessee by invoking the provisions of Sec. 68 of Income Tax Act is justified. The ouns is on the assessee to explain nature and source of said cash deposits”. A Special Leave Petition was preferred challenging the above judgment; however, Supreme Court has dismissed the same and it has been reported in [2016] 69 taxmann.com 219 (SC).

11.

The facts as emerged before the Assessing Officer appears to be not in dispute. The Appellant has not denied that he has received the said loan amount / cash deposits from those persons whose list has Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 been given in the order of Assessing Officer. He has revealed those names from the Bank account of the Appellant.  Now, Appellant intends to say that he has not maintained books of accounts and therefore, those amounts can not be considered. When Appellant is doing business, then it was incumbent on him to maintain proper books and/ or books of account. It may be in any form. Therefore, if he had not maintained it, then he can not be allowed to take advantage of his own wrong. Burden lies on him to show from where he has received the amount and what is its   nature.   Unless   this   fact   is   explained   he   can   not   claim   or   have deduction of the said amount from the income tax. Sec. 68 of I. T. Act provides that where the assessee offers no explanation about the nature and source of the credits in the books of account, all the amounts so credited   or   where   the   explanation   offered   by   the   assessee   is   not satisfactory in relation to the same then such credits may be charged to tax as income of the assessee for that particular previous year. It is to be noted here in this case that huge amounts have been credited in the account of the Appellant and he has not explained the nature of the same.   The   source   of   the   said   amount   has   been   discovered   by   the Assessing Officer from Bank Pass Book. It is to be noted that when the source  and nature has  been held to have been explained, the said amount has been deleted by the appellate forums. Now the dispute has remained   in   respect   of   amount   of   Rs.9,00,000/­   from   M/s.   Pooja Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Corporation, Rs.7,00,000/­ from M/s. Pooja Enterprises, Rs.24,00,000/­ from   Shri.   Ashok   Mehta,   Rs.18,00,000/­   from   Mr.   Ajay   Shah.   No document   was   produced   in   respect   of   these   transactions   nor   the amounts have been confirmed from those persons, who are shown to have lent them. The authorities below have therefore, rightly held that nature of the transaction has not been properly shown by the Appellant.

12.

The ratio of the authorities relied by the learned Counsel appearing for Appellant is not applicable here. In those cases, either the entries   were   confirmed   by   the   parties   in   whose   name   they   were standing  or  books   of  accounts  were  showing   the   cash  credits  from undisclosed source. Here in this case, at no earlier point of time, a firm stand was taken by the Appellant that he has not maintained books of account. Whenever a direction was given to produce the same in any form, it was replied by the Appellant that he wants time to prepare. Many   opportunities   were   given   by   the   Assessing   Officer   for   the production of relevant documents including books of account in the form of ledger, balance sheet, etc. However, such documents were never produced.     Non­production   of   the   document   is   different   from   not maintaining the Books of Account.   The Appellant has raised the said point of “books of accounts not maintained” for the first time before this Court.   The facts in the case of  Sudhir Kumar Sharma  (supra) are almost similar and therefore, the observations are binding. Uploaded on - 21/08/2020

13.

When even after giving opportunities, The Appellant had failed to produce relevant documents and explain the nature and source of the amount received by him as narrated above; the order of the Assessment officer and the  appellate authorities  in respect of those  amounts is justified. We do not find any substantial question of law raised by the Appellant in this appeal and therefore, we proceed to pass following order. ORDER

1.

Appeal is hereby dismissed.

2.

No order as to costs. (Vibha Kankanwadi. J.) (S. C. Dharmadhikari. J.)

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