C.I.T. vs. MERCURY METAL PVT. LTD.

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ITR/25/2000HC GujaratGJHC24022384200010 November 2014Author: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE KS JHAVERI,HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE K.J.THAKER5 pages
AI SummaryAllowed

What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the assessee was justified in including the amount of export incentive and licence premium in AY 1993-94, as the assessee maintained its books of accounts on a mercantile system. Under this system, even if incentives were not realized by year-end, they should be evaluated and accounted for in the Profit and Loss Account, with adjustments for actual receipt later. The AO was justified in accepting the revised return based on this mercantile system. Regarding the deduction under Section 80HHC, the Court found that the deduction claimed and accepted by the AO was in accordance with the interpretation of Section 80HHC. Therefore, the CIT was not justified in setting aside the AO's order under Section 263. The Court relied on the Supreme Court's decision in CIT v. Max India Ltd. (2007) 295 ITR 282 (SC), which clarified that not every loss of revenue is prejudicial to the revenue, and an order cannot be treated as erroneous and prejudicial unless the AO's view is unsustainable in law. The High Court answered the question of law in favour of the assessee and against the revenue.

What were the facts?

The assessee, Mercury Metal Pvt. Ltd., filed its return for Assessment Year (AY) 1993-94 on March 3, 1994, declaring nil income and claiming a deduction of Rs. 2,56,80,968 under Section 80HHC. A revised return was filed on June 15, 1994, declaring nil income but revising the Section 80HHC deduction claim to Rs. 2,73,91,138. This increase was due to export incentives related to exports made in Financial Year (FY) 1992-93 (AY 1993-94) on a mercantile basis, although the actual receipt of Rs. 17,45,430 occurred in FY 1993-94 (AY 1994-95). The Assessing Officer (AO) completed the assessment for AY 1993-94 on March 29, 1996, determining total income at Rs. 1,23,950. The AO considered the Rs. 17,45,430 as income for AY 1993-94 and allowed it as a deduction under Section 80HHC. The assessee claimed this amount again as a deduction for AY 1994-95. The Commissioner of Income Tax (CIT) initiated proceedings under Section 263, questioning the treatment of the Rs. 17,45,430.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the Appellate Tribunal was right in law and on facts in cancelling the order passed by the CIT under Section 263 of the Income Tax Act, 1961? Assessee's Contentions: The assessee maintained its books of accounts on a mercantile system. Export incentives are linked to exports. Under the mercantile system, even if export incentives were not realized by the end of the year, they should be evaluated and taken into the Profit and Loss Account, subject to adjustment upon actual receipt. Therefore, the inclusion of export incentive and licence premium in AY 1993-94 was justified. The AO was justified in accepting the revised return. The deduction claimed under Section 80HHC was in accordance with the interpretation of the section. Revenue's Contentions: The CIT found that the profit on the sale of a licence can only be considered when the licence is actually sold and profits are received, as per Section 28(ii)(a), and not on a mercantile basis. The CIT also noted that the tax audit report stated accounting of refunds and credits on a receipt basis. The CIT believed the assessee pressed for inclusion of income and simultaneous deduction to avoid tax, making the AO's order erroneous and prejudicial to the revenue.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 80HHC,Section 263,Section 28(ii)(a)

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
O/ITR/25/2000 JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD INCOME TAX REFERENCE NO. 25 of 2000 FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE KS JHAVERI and HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE K.J.THAKER ================================================================ 1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ? 2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India, 1950 or any order made thereunder ? 5 Whether it is to be circulated to the civil judge ? ================================================================ C.I.T.....Applicant(s) Versus MERCURY METAL PVT. LTD.....Respondent(s) ================================================================ Appearance: MR NITIN K MEHTA, ADVOCATE for the Applicant(s) No. 1 MR SN SOPARKAR, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 1 ================================================================ CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE KS JHAVERI and HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE K.J.THAKER Page 1 of 5 O/ITR/25/2000 JUDGMENT Date : 10/11/2014

ORAL JUDGMENT (PER : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE K.J.THAKER)

1.

Briefly stated, the facts are that the CIT, after examining the records of the assessee, found that the return of income for the A.Y. 1993­94 was filed on 03.03.1994 declaring total income at Rs.Nil. Along   with   the   return,   the   assessee   had   claimed   deduction   of Rs.2,56,80,968/­ u/s.80HHC of the Income Tax Act. Thereafter, the assessee   filed   a   revised   return   on   15.06.1994   declaring   total income at Rs.Nil but, in the computation attached with the revised return,   the   claim   of   deduction   u/s.   80HHC   was   revised   to Rs.2,73,91,138/­. The increase in the claim of deduction was on account of the export  incentive relating to export made in the Financial Year 1992­93 relevant to the A.Y. 1993­94 on mercantile basis   although,   actually,   the   export   incentive   amounting   to Rs.17,45,430/­ was received during the F.Y. 1993­94 relevant to the   A.Y.   1994­95. The   CIT   further   found   that   the   A.O   has completed the assessment u/s.143(3) on 29.03.1996 determining the total income of the assessee at Rs.1,23,950/­. In the above assessment   order   passed   by   the   A.O.,   export   incentive   of Rs.17,45,430/­ was considered as income of A.Y. 1993­94 and the entire amount was allowed as deduction u/s.80HHC. In the return filed   for   A.Y.   1994­95,   the   assessee   claimed   deduction   of Rs.17,45,430/­ being income already considered in A.Y. 1993­94. The CIT required the assessee to clarify the position regarding the claim of amount of Rs.17,45,430/­ as export benefits in A.Y. 1993­ 94 when the same were actually received in the A.Y. 1994­95. From O/ITR/25/2000 JUDGMENT the details furnished by the assessee it was noticed that the amount of Rs.17,45,430/­ comprised of two components; A. Export Incentive ­ Rs.7,43,894/­ B. Licence Premium ­ Rs.10,01,536/­

2.

According to the CIT, the profit on sale of licence can be considered only when the licence is actually sold and profits are received in terms of S.28(ii)(a) and the same cannot be considered on mercantile basis. The CIT also noticed that in column 9(a) of the Tax Audit Report furnished by the assessee for A.Y. 1993­94, the accounting of refunds and credits of duties of Customs, Excise, etc. is stated to have been made on receipt basis. According to the CIT, the assessee pressed for the inclusion of income of Rs.17,45,430/­ in the A.Y. 1993­94 and simultaneously pressed for equal amount of   deduction   u/s.80HHC   so   as   to   avoid   the   payment   of   tax. Accordingly, the CIT issued a show cause Notice to the assessee on 23.03.1997 calling upon the assessee to show cause as to why the assessment framed by the A.O on 29.03.1996 should not be revised as per the provisions of Section 263 of the Act.

3.

In response to the said Notice, the assessee furnished his reply   vide   reply   dated   23.09.1997. After   considering   the submissions advanced on behalf of both the sides, the CIT set aside the order of the A.O and remanded the matter for deciding the same afresh in light of the observations made in its order dated 05.12.1997. On appeal by the assessee, the Appellate Tribunal set aside the order of the CIT. O/ITR/25/2000 JUDGMENT

4.

The following question of law was referred by the Appellate Tribunal for our opinion; “Whether the Appellate Tribunal is right in law and on facts in cancelling the order passed by the CIT u/s.263 of the Act?”

5.

We have heard learned counsel for the respective parties. It is an undisputed fact that the assessee maintains its books of accounts on the basis of mercantile system of accounting and that export incentives are linked to and springs from the exports made by the assessee. In the case of an assessee who follows mercantile system of accounting, it is necessary that even if by the end of the year export incentives were not realized, the assessee should evaluate the benefits and take the same in its Profit and Loss Account, which can later on be adjusted on the basis of actual receipt.

6.

Therefore, in our view, the assessee was justified in including the amount of export incentive and licence premium in the A.Y. 1993­94 and the A.O was justified in accepting the revised return filed   by   the   assessee   wherein,   the   sum   of   Rs.17,45,430/­   was included as income of the A.Y. 1993­94 on the basis of assessee having followed the mercantile system of accounting.

7.

As   regards   the   issue   relating   to   calculation   of   deduction u/s.80HHC   is   concerned,   we   are   of   the   view   that   since   the deduction claimed by the assessee and accepted by the A.O is in accordance with the interpretation of Section 80HHC, the CIT was not justified in setting aside the order of the A.O. O/ITR/25/2000 JUDGMENT

8.

In the case of  Commissioner of Income Tax v. Max India Ltd., (2007) 295 ITR 282 (SC), the Apex Court held that the phrase “prejudicial to the interests of the Revenue” in section 263 of   the   Act   has   to   be   read   in   conjunction   with   the   expression “erroneous” order passed by the A.O. every loss of revenue as a consequence of an order of the A.O cannot be treated as prejudicial to the interests of the Revenue. For example, when the A.O adopts one of two courses permissible in law and it has resulted in loss of revenue, or where two views are possible and the A.O has taken one view with which the Commissioner does not agree, it cannot be treated as an erroneous order prejudicial to the Revenue, unless the view taken by the A.O is unsustainable in law.

9.

Considering the facts of the case and the principle rendered in the above decision, we are of the opinion that the CIT committed serious error in law in cancelling the order of the A.O u/s.263 of the Act. Accordingly, the question of law referred to us is answered in favour of the assessee and against the Revenue

10.

The Reference stands disposed of accordingly. (K.S.JHAVERI, J.) (K.J.THAKER, J) Pravin/*

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