M/S R S CARGO,,SATNA vs. DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX CENTRAL PROCESSING CENTRE, BANGALORE, BANGALORE

IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL JABALPUR BENCH, JABALPUR BEFORE SHRI SANJAY ARORA, HON’BLE ACCOUNTANT MEMBER & SHRI MANOMOHAN DAS, HON'BLE JUDICIAL MEMBER I.T.A. No. 12/JAB/2022 (Asst. Year: 2017-18) R.S. Cargo, Delha Mod, vs. Dy. CIT, Circle, Satna. Sarla Nagar, Maihar Distt., Satna (MP) [PAN : AAQFR 6262 H] (Appellant) (Respondent) Appellant by : Shri Rahul Bardia, FCA Respondent by : Shri Ravi Mehrotra, Sr.DR

Date of hearing : 06/09/2022 Date of pronouncement : 19/09/2022

O R D E R Per Bench: This is an Appeal by the Assessee directed against the Order by the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals), National Faceless Appeal Centre, Delhi (‘CIT(A)’ for short) dated 26/8/2021, dismissing the assessee’s appeal contesting the order under section 154 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (‘the Act’ hereinafter) for the Assessment Year (AY) 2017-18 dated 14/5/2019. The Arguments 2. Sh. Bardia, the ld. Counsel for the assessee, would, at the outset, submit that the issue arising in the instant appeal, i.e., the maintainability in law of the adjustment to the returned income in respect of employee’s contributions to the employee welfare funds deposited by the assessee-employer beyond the due date specified thereunder, though by the due date of filing the return of income u/s. 139(1), disallowed by the Revenue invoking s. 36(1)(va) per an Intimation u/s. 1 | P a g e

ITA No. 12/JAB/2022 (A.Y. 2017-18) R.S. Cargo v. Dy. CIT 143(1), is covered by a series of decisions by this Tribunal, including by the Jabalpur Bench, following it’s decision in Nikhil Mohine v. Dy. CIT (in ITA Nos. 37 & 38/Jab/2021, dated 18/11/2021). Sh. Mehrotra, the ld. Sr. DR, would, on asking, concede to this being the position. He was, further, unable to state of any decision by the Hon’ble jurisdictional High Court in the matter, i.e., on merits, for a year prior to AY 2021-22, i.e., the date of the coming into effect of the Explanations to ss. 36(1)(va) and 43B by Finance Act, 2021, being read as retrospective by the Revenue. This is as in that case, the decision by the Hon'ble jurisdictional High Court would require being followed. 3. We have heard the parties before us, and perused the material on record. The Tribunals’ decision in Nikhil Mohine 3.1 The Revenue has, invoking section 2(24)(x) r/w s. 36(1)(va), added the Employees’ contribution to the Employee Provident Fund in the sum of Rs. 1,78,806 to the assessee’s returned income u/s. 154 as the same stood deposited beyond the due date specified u/s. 36(1)(va), even as, admittedly, prior to the due date of filing the return of income u/s. 139(1) for the relevant year. Reliance stands placed by it on the decisions in Unifac Management Services (India) P. Ltd. v. Asst. CIT [2018] 409 ITR 225 (Mad); Popular Vehicles & Services (P.) Ltd. [2018] 406 ITR 150 (Ker); CIT v. Merchem Ltd. [2015] 378 ITR 443 (Kerala); and CIT v. Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation [2014] 366 ITR 170 (Guj). The matter stands examined at length by the Tribunal in Nikhil Mohine (supra), wherein, noticing, inter alia, the cited decisions, it held that in view of the cleavage of judicial opinion in the matter and the limited scope of an adjustment u/s. 143(1)(a), the same could not be decided on merits. The decisions by the Hon’ble High Courts holding the employee’s contribution as being covered by s. 43B(b), implying, in context, u/s. 37(1) r/w s. 43B(b), which were aplenty (see pg. 9 of the impugned order), it opined, could be validated only by disregarding the clear language of the relevant provisions, upheld constitutionally and not read down.

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ITA No. 12/JAB/2022 (A.Y. 2017-18) R.S. Cargo v. Dy. CIT The said decisions must nevertheless be respected, and no adjustment contrary thereto could be made u/s. 143(1); there being no decision by the Hon'ble jurisdictional High Court in the matter. The only manner, therefore, available for the Revenue to effect an adjustment u/s. 143(1)/154, is where the Explanations to section 36(1)(va) and s. 43B(b) inserted by Finance Act, 2021, which attempt to resolve the issue of the employee’s contribution to the employee welfare funds being governed by section 43B(b), i.e., to the exclusion of s. 36(1)(va), are held as retrospective. Legislative intent being the cornerstone and the sole determinant of any interpretative exercise, both the language of the provisions, as well as of the recently inserted Explanations thereto, introduced with a view to, as stated therein, remove any doubt in the matter, are unambiguously clear, so that s.36(1)(va) and s. 43B are applicable on different sums. Further, the stated date of the coming into effect (of the Explanations), i.e., 01/4/2021, it was explained, would though be of no moment in view of the express language deeming the stated position as applicable since inception; that being the reason for bringing the Explanations on the statute, as the amendments could otherwise have been effected through prospective clause/s to the relevant provisions. Rather, the tenor of the language employed, clearly giving the stated position a retrospective effect, necessarily requires the Explanations to be read as inserted in the statute from a later date. That is, the fact of insertion of the said Explanations w.e.f. a later date is consistent with the language giving it a retrospective effect and, thus, does not impinge adversely on it being regarded as so. Reference here may be made to the decision in Union of India vs. S. Muthyam Reddy [1999] 240 ITR 341 (SC), wherein the words ‘shall not include and shall be deemed never to have included’ in the Explanation to s. 2(1A) by the Finance Act, 1989 was read by the Hon'ble Apex Court to be declaratory amendment having a retrospective effect, and even as the said amendment was effected during the pendency of the appeal against the assessment. Further still, noticing the settled legal position qua the test for determining retrospectivity, i.e., if the provision could be construed, without the 3 | P a g e

ITA No. 12/JAB/2022 (A.Y. 2017-18) R.S. Cargo v. Dy. CIT aid of the subsequent amendment thereto, to take within its ambit the said amendment, the issue was also examined by the Tribunal on merits, i.e., for the said limited purpose, to find that the view canvassed by or on the assessee’s behalf could be sustained only by ignoring the existence of s. 36(1)(va) – which governs the deductibility of the employees’ contribution to the employee welfare funds, on the statute-book – clearly, an impermissibility. Another fundamental infirmity in the assessee’s argument is in regarding the employee’s contribution, deemed by the legal fiction of s. 2(24)(x) as the assessee-employer’s income, as an expense deductible u/s. 37(1), which could be so only where it is not recoverable – an impossibility, as s. 2(24)(x) applied only on receipt thereof, again bringing s. 36(1)(va) into play for its deduction, and which would therefore have to be given effect to. This would be so even if the same was regarded, for the sake of argument, as covered by s. 43B, a non-obstante provision, inasmuch as s. 43B applied only qua deductions ‘otherwise allowable’, i.e., under any provision of the Act, rendering the question of law posed before the Hon’ble Courts, i.e., if the employee’s contribution to the employee welfare funds is exclusively covered u/s. 43B, itself, with respect, misplaced, if not irrelevant. The view being canvassed was, thus, it opined, viewed from any angle, wholly untenable. The view expressed by the Tribunal is in fact in agreement with that projected by the Board per its Circular (No. 22/2015, dtd. 17/12/2015), as also that canvassed per the impugned order with reference to the cited decisions, both explaining, as did the Explanatory Notes on the insertion of s. 36(1)(va) on the statute, the object of the said provision. It is this view, which in fact, as also noticed by the Tribunal, represented the uniform view across all the Hon’ble Courts prior to the deletion of the second proviso to s. 43B by Finance Act, 2003, w.e.f. 01/4/2004, which the Explanations to ss. 36(1)(va) and 43B by Finance Act, 2021 seek to statutorily clarify in view of the conflict of judicial opinion, passing thus the test of retrospectivity, even as unequivocally expressed per the unambiguous language thereof. The Explanations under reference were therefore clarificatory and, thus, retrospective. 4 | P a g e

ITA No. 12/JAB/2022 (A.Y. 2017-18) R.S. Cargo v. Dy. CIT 3.2 The said Explanations, the Tribunal continued, had however been, as clear from a reference to the Notes on the Clauses to, and the Memorandum explaining the Provisions of, the Finance Bill, 2021, reproducing the same, proposed as prospective amendments. The amendments by way of Explanation 5 to s. 43B and Explanation 2 to s. 36(1)(va), it concluded, are to therefore take effect only from AY 2021-22, and which view is unmistakable on a plain reading of the said documents. Decision 4.1 The view recorded in the impugned order on the merits of the additions – even as the same agrees with that expressed by the Tribunal in Nikhil Mohine (supra)(see para 3.1 of this order), is of little consequence in view of the limited scope of an amendment u/s. 154 (ITO v. Volkart Brothers [1971] 82 ITR 50 (SC)), precluding debatable issues, even as our decision in the instant case, as would be apparent from the foregoing, is based on the conflict of judicial opinion in the matter, duly noted in the Explanatory Notes to the Provisions of the Finance Bill, 2021, explaining that to be the reason for effecting the amendments per the said Explanations. The only circumstance, therefore, justifying the impugned additions is a decision/s by the Hon’ble jurisdictional High Court (also see para 4.2). No such decision, however, despite asking, stands brought to our notice by the parties, or otherwise found. We are conscious of the reliance by the ld. CIT(A) on the decision by the Hon’ble jurisdictional High Court in B.S. Patel v. Dy. CIT [2010] 326 ITR 457 (MP). The same, also noticed in Nikhil Mohine (supra), is not on the point and, therefore, of no assistance to the Revenue. Per the same, the Hon’ble High Court has opined on the prospective nature of the omission of the second proviso to s. 43B by Finance Act, 2003, w.e.f. 01/4/2004, so that the same would not, in it’s view, impact the disallowance u/s. 43B(b) for the years under reference before it, i.e., AY 1992-93, 1994-95 & 1995-96. The issue considered by the

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ITA No. 12/JAB/2022 (A.Y. 2017-18) R.S. Cargo v. Dy. CIT Hon’ble Court is, thus, the same as by the Hon’ble Apex Court in CIT v. Alom Extrusions Ltd. [2009] 319 ITR 306 (SC), though deciding it to the contrary. As regards the aspect of the retrospective nature of the Explanations under reference, we again find no difference in the view expressed therein with that by the Tribunal in Nikhil Mohine (supra), i.e., per se. So, however, as afore-noted, the said Explanations themselves have been proposed as prospective amendments, as stated in the Notes on the Clauses to, and the Memorandum explaining the Provisions of, the Finance Bill, 2021, with a view to, as explained, settle the controversy arising due to the contrary view expressed by some High Courts, for which reference may be made to para 5.4 of the Tribunal’s order (also refer paras 3.1 & 3.2 above). There is, accordingly, no question of the same being given a retrospective effect.

4.2 There is, in view of the foregoing, no question of the said Explanations being read as retrospective, so as to apply for the relevant year, sustaining the impugned additions, which therefore fail. This is, however, subject to any decision/s by the Hon’ble jurisdictional High Court, which would, where so, hold, even justifying a rectification u/s. 154/254(2), even where rendered after the date of the order sought to be rectified (Asst. CIT v. Saurashtra Kutch Stock Exchange Ltd. [2008] 305 ITR 227 (SC); CIT v. Aruna Luthra [2001] 252 ITR 76 (P&H)(FB)). No such decision has been found, or otherwise pointed out by the parties, as was the case before the Tribunal in Nikhil Mohine (supra). Any such decision, even if discovered later, may operate to amend this order, or the order giving appeal effect thereto, to bring it in conformity or agreement with the said decision/s, of course, after allowing a fair opportunity of hearing to the assessee. 4.3 The impugned additions, therefore, could not have been made under the given facts and circumstances of the case and the law in the matter, and are directed for deletion. We decide accordingly.

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ITA No. 12/JAB/2022 (A.Y. 2017-18) R.S. Cargo v. Dy. CIT 5. In the result, the assessee’s appeal is allowed. Sd/- Sd/- (Sanjay Arora) (Manomohan Das) Accountant Member Judicial Member Dated: 19/09/2022 (Direct) Copy to: 1. The Appellant: R.S. Cargo, Delha Mod, Sarla Nagar, Maihar Distt., Satna (MP) 2. The Respondent: Dy. CIT, Circle, Satna. 3. CIT(Appeals)-NFAC, Delhi 4. The Sr. DR, ITAT, Jabalpur. 5. Guard File. By order

(VUKKEM RAMBABU) Sr. Private Secretary, ITAT, Jabalpur.

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