Section 159 of the Income Tax Act

Income-tax Act, 2025: s.302

Section 159 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 corresponds to section 302 (Legal representative) of the Income-tax Act, 2025.

Read section 302 of the 2025 Act

Correspondence checked against the ICAI tabular mapping of the two Acts and the BharatTax.co section commentary.

The decision most relied on for Section 159 is Savita Kapila v. ACIT (118 Taxmann.com 46), cited in 98 of the 280 judgments on BharatTax that turn on this section.

Leading authorities on Section 159

Savita Kapila v. ACIT
118 Taxmann.com 46 · 2020 · High Court
98
citing judgments

There is no legal requirement for a legal representative to report an assessee's death to the income tax department; consequently, a reassessment notice issued under Section 148 to a deceased person is invalid as it lacks proper jurisdiction.

Sri Nath Suresh Chand Ram Naresh v. CIT
280 ITR 396 · 2006 · High Court
68
citing judgments

Section 292B of the Income Tax Act applies only to procedural irregularities and cannot cure fundamental jurisdictional defects, such as the non-issue of a mandatory Section 148 notice for reassessment or framing an assessment against a non-existing or dead person.

Chandreshbhai Jayantibhai Patel v. ITO
101 Taxmann.com 362 · 2019 · High Court
46
citing judgments

A notice under section 148 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, is a jurisdictional notice and a condition precedent for reassessment. Such a notice issued against a deceased person is valid if the legal representative submits to the Assessing Officer without raising any objection.

Alamelu Veerappan v. ITO
95 Taxmann.com 155 · 2018 · High Court
44
citing judgments

Income tax proceedings initiated or an assessment order passed in the name of a deceased person are void ab initio, as such proceedings are without jurisdiction. Section 159 of the Income Tax Act does not apply if proceedings were not initiated during the assessee's lifetime.

202 ITR 932, CIT v. Durgawati
31 ITR 603 · 1957 · High Court
36
citing judgments

The same income cannot be assessed substantively in multiple hands. However, this principle does not prevent a single consolidated assessment order for multiple legal representatives.

ITO v. Bhupendra Bhikhalal Desai
131 Taxmann.com 40 · 2021 · Supreme Court
25
citing judgments

Assessment and penalty proceedings initiated against a deceased assessee are invalid if not made in the name of their legal heir.

CIT v. Surat Cotton
202 ITR 932 · 1993 · High Court
25
citing judgments

Income should be taxed only once in the hands of the rightful assessee; substantive assessments cannot be made simultaneously on multiple legal heirs.

Estate of Late Rangalal Jajodia v. CIT
79 ITR 505 · 1971 · Supreme Court
25
citing judgments

An omission or defect in serving a notice required by procedural provisions does not invalidate a tax liability created by substantive charging sections, making the assessment irregular but not void.

ITO Ward 1(3)(7), Surat v. Durlabhbhai Kanubhai Rajpara
114 Taxmann.com 482 · 2020 · Supreme Court
24
citing judgments

An assessment or reassessment proceeding initiated or continued against a deceased person after their demise is illegal and void ab initio, as no valid notice can be issued to a dead individual.

Krishnaawtar Kabra v. ITO
140 Taxmann.com 423 · 2022 · High Court
21
citing judgments

Assessment proceedings initiated against a deceased person are void ab initio, and such proceedings cannot be continued against their legal heirs if no notice was served during the assessee's lifetime or on the legal heir as a "deemed assessee" within the prescribed time.

Judgments on Section 159

Late Sh Sethuraman Through Legal Heir Sh S Nishaanth, Chennai vs. Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Non-Corporate Circle 3(1), Chennai

In the result, the appeal filed by legal representative of the assessee is allowed

ITA 2615/CHNY/2024[2015-116]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai10 Oct 2025AY 2015-116

Bench: Shri Manu Kumar Giri & Shri Jagadishआयकर अपील सं./Ita No.: 2615/Chny/2024 िनधा"रण वष"/Assessment Year:2015-16 Late Shri Sethuraman The Assistant (Rep. By Legal Heir Commissioner Of Income Shri S. Nishaanth), Vs. Tax, O 9/12, Subbarayan Street, Corporate Circle – 3(1), Nungambakkam, Chennai. Chennai – 600 034. Pan: Abhps 3001R (""यथ"/Respondent) (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) अपीलाथ" क" ओर से/Appellant By : Shri Suresh Kumar Gupta, Ca ""यथ" क" ओर से/Respondent By : Ms. R. Anitha, Addl.Cit सुनवाई क" तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 06.10.2025 घोषणा क" तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 10.10.2025 आदेश /O R D E R Per Manu Kumar Giri, Jm: This Appeal Filed By The Assessee Is Directed Against The Order Of The Ld. Commissioner Of Income Tax(Appeals), National Faceless Appeal Centre (Nfac), Delhi [Hereinafter The “Ld.Cit(A)”] Dated 14.08.2024 Arising Out Of The Order Dated 16.03.2023 Passed By The Assessing Officer, Assessment Unit, Income Tax Department (Hereinafter Referred To As The "Ao") Passed U/S.147 R.W.S.144B Of The Income-Tax Act, 1961 (Hereinafter "The Act') For The Assessment Year 2015-16 (Hereinafter The "Ay").

For Appellant: Shri Suresh Kumar Gupta, CAFor Respondent: Ms. R. Anitha, Addl.CIT
Section 144BSection 147Section 148Section 69

Income Tax Officer Ward -2 (1), Amritsar vs. Ms. Savita Bansal, Through Legal Heir Sh. Parveen Kumar Bansal, Amritsar

In the result, the revenue’s appeal stands dismissed

ITA 240/ASR/2023[2016-17]Status: DisposedITAT Amritsar21 Aug 2025AY 2016-17

Bench: Hon’Ble Shri Manoj Kumar Aggarwal, Am & Hon’Ble Shri Udayan Das Gupta, Jm 1. आयकर अपील सं. / Ita No. 240/Asr/2023 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2016-17) Income Tax Officer Smt. Savita Bansal Ward-2(1) बनाम/ (Through L/H Shri Parveen Kumar Bansal) Amritsar 143001 H.No. 272, Green Avenue Vs. Amritsar-143001. "थायीलेखासं./Pan. Abmpb-3594-K (Assessee) / Acnpk-4131-D (Lh) (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) : (""थ" / Respondent) & 2. Cross Objection No. 1/Amritsar/2024 (In Ita No. 240/Asr/2023) (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2016-17) Smt. Savita Bansal Income Tax Officer बनाम/ (Through L/H Shri Parveen Kumar Bansal) Ward-2(1) H.No. 272, Green Avenue Amritsar 143001 Vs. Amritsar-143001. "थायीलेखासं./Pan. Abmpb-3594-K (Assessee) / Acnpk-4131-D (Lh) (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) : (""थ" / Respondent) अपीलाथ"कीओरसे/Appellant By : Dr Rakesh Gupta (Advocate) –Ld. Ar ""थ"कीओरसे/Respondent By : Shri B. Srinivas Kumar (Cit) – Ld. Dr सुनवाईकीतारीख/Date Of Hearing : 10-07-2025 घोषणाकीतारीख /Date Of Pronouncement : 21-08-2025 आदेश / O R D E R Manoj Kumar Aggarwal () Aforesaid Appeal By Revenue For Assessment Year (Ay) 2016- 1. 17 Arises Out Of An Order Of Ld. Commissioner Of Income Tax

For Appellant: Dr Rakesh Gupta (Advocate) –Ld. ARFor Respondent: Shri B. Srinivas Kumar (CIT) – Ld. DR
Section 10(38)Section 143(2)Section 143(3)