Section 13(2)(a) of the Income Tax Act
Income-tax Act, 2025: ss.332–355
Section 13(2)(a) falls under section 13 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, which corresponds to sections 332 to 355 of the Income-tax Act, 2025, the provisions on registered non-profit organisations.
Correspondence checked against the ICAI tabular mapping of the two Acts and the BharatTax.co section commentary.
The decision most relied on for Section 13(2)(a) is DIT (Exemption) v. Girdharilal Shewnarain Tantia Trust (199 ITR 215), cited in 24 of the 46 judgments on BharatTax that turn on this section.
Leading authorities on Section 13(2)(a)
The real income of a trust, not deemed income, is to be considered for accumulation. Deductions allowable in a normal commercial manner should be applied before determining the income to be excluded.
Rent received from specified concerns is considered adequate if it is legally sufficient and reasonably so, not necessarily what is determined as market value by another party, unless the price is unconscionable.