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“estimation of income”

Assessment ProceduresSection 145Section 1453,061 judgments

The decision most relied on for estimation of income is CIT v. Simit P. Sheth (356 ITR 451), cited in 1,465 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on estimation of income

CIT v. Simit P. Sheth
356 ITR 451 · 2013 · High Court
1,465
citing judgments

When purchases are unproved or presumed to be from the grey market, the entire amount of such purchases should not be disallowed; instead, income can be estimated by applying a reasonable gross profit rate to the unaccounted sales or turnover, especially in assessments arising from search proceedings involving seized documents.

Rotork Controls India Pvt. Ltd. v. CIT
314 ITR 62 · 2009 · Supreme Court
739
citing judgments

A provision for expenses, such as warranty, is a deductible liability for income tax purposes if it constitutes a present obligation arising from past events, and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation is possible.

Sanjay Oilcake Industries v. CIT
316 ITR 274 · 2009 · High Court
460
citing judgments

In cases of alleged bogus or unverifiable purchases, rather than disallowing the entire purchase value, a reasonable profit element or a proportionate percentage of the purchases should be added back to the assessee's income.

Kachwala Gems v. JCIT
288 ITR 10 · 2007 · Supreme Court
332
citing judgments

In a best judgment assessment, some guesswork is inherent, but the estimate must be fair and not arbitrary. Books of account can be rejected under Section 145(3) if the assessee fails to substantiate entries or prove the genuineness of transactions, leading to estimation of income.

CIT v. Devi Prasad Vishwanath Prasad
72 ITR 194 · 1969 · Supreme Court
272
citing judgments

If there is an unexplained cash credit, the Assessing Officer can treat it as the assessee's income, even when the income is finalized on an estimation basis, without proving its specific source. The onus then shifts to the assessee to prove that the income represented by the cash credit has already been taxed.

Commissioner of Sales Tax v. H.M. Esufali H.M. Abdulali
90 ITR 271 · 1973 · Supreme Court
232
citing judgments

The Supreme Court established principles for best judgment assessments, stating that some guesswork is inevitable but the assessment must be bona fide, rational, and free from bias or capriciousness. An appellate authority cannot substitute its judgment for that of the Assessing Officer unless the AO's assessment is shown to be biased, irrational, vindictive, or capricious, especially when the assessee fails to provide proper accounts or counter-evidence.

CIT v. Balchand Ajit Kumar
263 ITR 610 · 2003 · High Court
212
citing judgments

When making an addition for unaccounted receipts, on-money, or non-genuine purchases/sales, the addition should be restricted to the estimated profit element embedded in such transactions, rather than the entire gross amount, particularly when evidence of corresponding expenditure is incomplete. This estimation often involves applying a net profit rate.

Harigopal Singh v. CIT
258 ITR 85 · 2002 · High Court
203
citing judgments

Penalty under section 271(1)(c) cannot be levied when an addition to income is made on an estimated basis without concrete evidence of concealment or furnishing inaccurate particulars of income. The provisions of section 271(1)(c) are not attracted to cases where income is assessed on an estimate basis.

Judgments citing estimation of income

Ramesh Maddi, Siddipet vs. Income Tax Officer, Ward-1, Siddipet

In the result, appeal filed by the assessee is partly allowed

ITA 459/HYD/2018[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad17 May 2019AY 2014-15

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao, Hon’Bleramesh Maddi, Vs. Ito, Ward-1, Prop. M/S. Renuka Wines, Siddipet. No. 4-81, Dumpalapally (V), Dubbak (M), Siddipet. Pan No. Ajdpm 1505 C (Appellant) (Respondent) Assessee By : Smt. S. Sandhya - Adv. Department By : Mrs. Neeju Gupta – Dr Date Of Hearing : 16/05/2019. Date Of Pronouncement : 17/05/2019. O R D E R This Appeal By The Assessee Is Directed Against The Order Of Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals)-7, Hyderabad, Dated 22/12/2017 For The Assessment Year 2014-15. 2. The Only Issue Involved In This Appeal Is Estimation Of Income. 3. In This Case, The Assessing Officer Has Estimated The Profit Of The Assessee At 5% On The Cost Of Goods Sold. 4. On Appeal, Ld.Cit(A) Scaled Down The Profit Of The Assessee At 4%. 5. Ld. Counsel For The Assessee Has Submitted That The Itat, Hyderabad ‘B' Bench In The Case Of Yadagiri Kummari Vs. Ito In Ita No. 2035/Hyd/2018, Dated 30/01/2019 Has Consistently Held That (Ramesh Maddi)

For Appellant: Smt. S. Sandhya - AdvFor Respondent: Mrs. Neeju Gupta – DR

Income Tax (Appeals)-7, Hyderabad, dated 22/12/2017 for the Assessment Year 2014-15. 2. The only issue involved in this appeal is estimation of income. 3. In this case, the Assessing Officer has estimated the profit of the assessee at 5% on the cost of goods sold. 4. On appeal

Narsingraj Chermani, Hyderabad vs. Income Tax Officer, Ward-9(2), Hyderabad

In the result, appeal filed by the assessee is partly allowed

ITA 1924/HYD/2018[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad17 May 2019AY 2014-15

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao, Hon’Blenarsing Raj Chermani, Vs. Ito, Ward-9(2), H.No. 18-7-179/5/4, Outside Hyderabad. Gowlipura, Hyderabad. Pan No. Adxpc 4817 F (Appellant) (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri B. Shanthi Kumar-Adv. Department By : Mr. Nilanjan Dey – Dr Date Of Hearing : 15/05/2019. Date Of Pronouncement : 17/05/2019. O R D E R This Appeal By The Assessee Is Directed Against The Order Of Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals)-7, Hyderabad, Dated 19/09/2018 For The Assessment Year 2014-15. 2. The Only Issue Involved In This Appeal Is Estimation Of Income. 3. In This Case, The Assessing Officer Has Estimated The Profit Of The Assessee At 5% On The Cost Of Goods Sold, Which Was Confirmed By The Ld.Cit(A). 4. Before Me, Ld. Counsel For The Assessee Has Submitted That The Itat, Hyderabad ‘B' Bench In The Case Of Yadagiri Kummari Vs. Ito In Ita No. 2035/Hyd/2018, Dated 30/01/2019 Has Consistently Held That Estimation Of Profit At 3% In Imfl Business Carried By The Assessee Is Reasonable. (Narsingraj Chermani)

For Appellant: Shri B. Shanthi Kumar-AdvFor Respondent: Mr. Nilanjan Dey – DR

Income Tax (Appeals)-7, Hyderabad, dated 19/09/2018 for the Assessment Year 2014-15. 2. The only issue involved in this appeal is estimation of income. 3. In this case, the Assessing Officer has estimated the profit of the assessee at 5% on the cost of goods sold, which was confirmed

Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Circle-2(1), Rajahmundry vs. K.Venkata Raju, Vemagiri

In the result, appeal of the revenue for the A

ITA 550/VIZ/2018[2013-14]Status: DisposedITAT Visakhapatnam30 Apr 2019AY 2013-14

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao& Shri D.S. Sunder Singhआयकरअपीलसं./I.T.A.No.549 &550/Viz/2018 (निर्धारण वर्ा/Assessment Years :2012-13 & 2013-14) Asst.Commissioner Of Vs. M/S K.Venkata Raju Income Tax D.No.2-59, Vemagiri Circle-2(1) Kadiyam Mandalam Rajahmundry East Godavari Dist. [Pan :Aabfk4007A] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) Co No.29 & 30/Viz/2019 (Arising Out Of I.T.A.No.549 & 550/Viz/2018 Respectively) (निर्धारण वर्ा/Assessment Year:2012-13 & 2013-14) M/S K.Venkata Raju Vs. Asst.Commissioner Of D.No.2-59, Vemagiri Income Tax Kadiyam Mandalam Circle-2(1) East Godavari Dist. Rajahmundry [Pan :Aabfk4007A] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) रधजस्व की ओर से /Revenue By : Smt Suman Malik, Dr निर्धाऩरती की ओर से / Assessee By : Shri G.V.N.Hari, Ar सुिवधई की तधरीख / Date Of Hearing : 16.04.2019 घोर्णध की तधरीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 30.04.2019

For Appellant: Shri G.V.N.Hari, ARFor Respondent: Smt Suman Malik, DR
Section 143(1)Section 143(2)Section 143(3)

general in nature which does not require specific adjudication. 3. Ground No. 2 to 5 are related to the estimation of income and the allowance of depreciation from the estimated income. Brief facts of the case are that the assessee is a civil contractor filed it’s return of income ... Ld.CIT(A) upheld the rejection of books of accounts and 5 I.T.A. No.549 & 550/Viz/2018 and CO No.29 & 30/Viz/2019 M/s K.Venkata Raju, Kadiyam Mandalam estimation of income. However, the Ld.CIT(A) following the order of the this tribunal in assessee’s own case for the A.Y.2011-12 in I.T.A. No.270/Viz/2016 dated

Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Circle-2(1), Rajahmundry vs. K.Venkata Raju, Vemagiri

In the result, appeal of the revenue for the A

ITA 549/VIZ/2018[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Visakhapatnam30 Apr 2019AY 2012-13

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao& Shri D.S. Sunder Singhआयकरअपीलसं./I.T.A.No.549 &550/Viz/2018 (निर्धारण वर्ा/Assessment Years :2012-13 & 2013-14) Asst.Commissioner Of Vs. M/S K.Venkata Raju Income Tax D.No.2-59, Vemagiri Circle-2(1) Kadiyam Mandalam Rajahmundry East Godavari Dist. [Pan :Aabfk4007A] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) Co No.29 & 30/Viz/2019 (Arising Out Of I.T.A.No.549 & 550/Viz/2018 Respectively) (निर्धारण वर्ा/Assessment Year:2012-13 & 2013-14) M/S K.Venkata Raju Vs. Asst.Commissioner Of D.No.2-59, Vemagiri Income Tax Kadiyam Mandalam Circle-2(1) East Godavari Dist. Rajahmundry [Pan :Aabfk4007A] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) रधजस्व की ओर से /Revenue By : Smt Suman Malik, Dr निर्धाऩरती की ओर से / Assessee By : Shri G.V.N.Hari, Ar सुिवधई की तधरीख / Date Of Hearing : 16.04.2019 घोर्णध की तधरीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 30.04.2019

For Appellant: Shri G.V.N.Hari, ARFor Respondent: Smt Suman Malik, DR
Section 143(1)Section 143(2)Section 143(3)

general in nature which does not require specific adjudication. 3. Ground No. 2 to 5 are related to the estimation of income and the allowance of depreciation from the estimated income. Brief facts of the case are that the assessee is a civil contractor filed it’s return of income ... Ld.CIT(A) upheld the rejection of books of accounts and 5 I.T.A. No.549 & 550/Viz/2018 and CO No.29 & 30/Viz/2019 M/s K.Venkata Raju, Kadiyam Mandalam estimation of income. However, the Ld.CIT(A) following the order of the this tribunal in assessee’s own case for the A.Y.2011-12 in I.T.A. No.270/Viz/2016 dated

The ACIT, Circle - 1, Rajahmundry vs. Arun Kumar Mishra, Dowlaiswaram

In the result, the appeal of the revenue as well as the miscellaneous application of the revenue are dismissed

ITA 239/VIZ/2014[2010-11]Status: DisposedITAT Visakhapatnam30 Apr 2019AY 2010-11

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao& Shri D.S. Sunder Singhm.A.No.01/Viz/2018 (Arising Out Of I.T.A.No.384/Viz/2014 (ननधधारण वर्ा/Assessment Year:2009-10) Asst.Commissioner Of Income Tax Vs. Sri Arun Kumar Mishra Circle-1(1) Prop : S.V.Constructions Rajahmundry D.No.5-45, Near Sbi Kothapeta Road Dowlaiswaram East Godavari Dist. [Pan : Afxpm1890E] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) आयकर अपील सं./I.T.A. No.239/Viz/2014 (ननधधारण वर्ा/Assessment Year:2010-11) Asst.Commissioner Of Income Tax Vs. Sri Arun Kumar Mishra Circle-1 Prop : S.V.Constructions Rajahmundry D.No.5-45, Near Sbi Kothapeta Road Dowlaiswaram East Godavari Dist. [Pan : Afxpm1890E] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) अपीलधथी की ओर से/ Appellant By : Smt. Suman Malik, Dr प्रत्यधथी की ओर से/ Respondent By : None सुनवधई की तधरीख / Date Of Hearing : 26.04.2019 घोर्णध की तधरीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 30.04.2019

For Appellant: Smt. Suman Malik, DRFor Respondent: None
Section 144ASection 68

order of the AO, the assessee went on appeal before the CIT(A) and the Ld.CIT(A) directed the AO to estimate the income @12.5% on the total contract receipts and accordingly allowed the appeal 3 M.A. No.01/Viz/2018 and I.T.A. 239/Viz/2014 Sri Arun Kumar Mishra, Rajahmundry partly. Against the order ... Ld.CIT(A), both the assessee and the revenue have filed cross appeals. The assessee has challenged the estimation of income @12.5% as unreasonable and the revenue challenged the order of the CIT(A) stating that the Ld.CIT(A) had admitted the additional evidence against the Rule 46A and erred