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“mercantile system of accounting”

ICDS & AccountingSection 145Section 1451,487 judgments

The decision most relied on for mercantile system of accounting is CIT v. Woodward Governor India Pvt. Ltd. (312 ITR 254), cited in 968 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on mercantile system of accounting

CIT v. Woodward Governor India Pvt. Ltd.
312 ITR 254 · 2009 · Supreme Court
968
citing judgments

Foreign exchange fluctuations, whether gains or losses, are inextricably linked to the underlying business transaction and must be accounted for under the mercantile system. The Supreme Court also affirmed the standard accounting principle of valuing stock at cost or net realisable value, whichever is lower.

CIT v. Excel Industries Ltd.
358 ITR 295 · 2013 · Supreme Court
935
citing judgments

When an income or expenditure is revenue neutral across different assessment years, where any benefit derived is offset by a corresponding liability or reversal, no additional tax liability arises, particularly concerning income recognition under the mercantile system of accounting.

Rotork Controls India Pvt. Ltd. v. CIT
314 ITR 62 · 2009 · Supreme Court
739
citing judgments

A provision for expenses, such as warranty, is a deductible liability for income tax purposes if it constitutes a present obligation arising from past events, and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation is possible.

Kedarnath Jute Mfg. Co. Ltd. v. CIT
82 ITR 363 · 1971 · Supreme Court
654
citing judgments

Tax liability for an item of income or expenditure is determined solely by the provisions of the Income-tax Act. Entries in an assessee's books of account are not conclusive and do not govern the taxability or deductibility of an item, as the legal rights and obligations under the Act prevail.

Lalchand Bhagat Ambica Ram v. CIT
37 ITR 288 · 1959 · Supreme Court
570
citing judgments

Where an assessee maintains regular books of account, and these books are not rejected or found defective by the Assessing Officer, any cash deposits or available cash shown in the cash book, if sufficient to cover the transaction, cannot be treated as unexplained income or an addition under sections 68 or 69A.

Calcutta Co. Ltd. v. CIT
37 ITR 1 · 1959 · Supreme Court
341
citing judgments

When following the mercantile system of accounting, provisions for liabilities made on a scientific and rational basis are allowable as deductions, even if their actual quantification and discharge are deferred to a future date.

United Commercial Bank v. CIT
240 ITR 355 · 1999 · Supreme Court
314
citing judgments

Liabilities accrued on a notional basis are allowable as deductions under the mercantile system of accounting even if their exact quantification or discharge is deferred to a future date or if the demand itself is disputed.

M.M.Aqua Technologies Limited v. CIT
436 ITR 582 · 2021 · Supreme Court
308
citing judgments

Amendments to tax law that impose new obligations or change existing legal positions apply prospectively, even if stated to be "for the removal of doubts." The judgment also clarifies that deductions under Section 43B are allowed only on actual payment, overriding the mercantile system of accounting.

Judgments citing mercantile system of accounting

Jay Properties Private Limited, Mumbai vs. Dy Commissioner of Income Tax Circle-6(3)(1), Mumbai

In the result, the appeal by the assessee is allowed for statistical purposes

ITA 2268/MUM/2022[2009-2010]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai04 May 2023AY 2009-2010

Bench: Shri B.R. Baskaran & Shri Sandeep Singh Karhail

For Appellant: NoneFor Respondent: Ms. Vranda U. Matkari
Section 142(1)Section 143(2)Section 143(3)Section 250Section 254Section 37

make the payment of the whole of the damages of Rs.2.25 crores.  The assessee submitted that it has been regularly following the mercantile system of accounting and accounting of liability being liquidated damages is in line with the provisions of the Act, as the liability accrued on 31/03/2009

DCIT, New Delhi vs. M/S. Sahara India Power Corporation Ltd., Pune

In the result, the appeal filed by the revenue for the AY 2005-06 in I

ITA 5067/DEL/2013[2005-06]Status: PendingITAT Delhi28 Apr 2023AY 2005-06

Bench: Dr. B.R.R. Kumar & Shri Yogesh Kumar Us

For Appellant: Shri Ajay VohraFor Respondent: Shri Kanv Bali

profession' or 'income from other sources' shall subject to provisions of sub-section (2) be computed in accordance with either cash or mercantile system of accounting regularly employed by the assessee. It is noteworthy that section 145 came to be amended w.e.f. 1-4-1987 and has not been given ... distortion a profits that the department can in substitution of the existing method." 8. In the instant case, admittedly the assessee is following mercantile system of accounting and as per notes to the accounts, the assessee is following completed contract method of accounting for contracts. The aforesaid method of assessment

Sahara India Power Corporation Ltd, Pune vs. DCIT, New Delhi

In the result, the appeal filed by the revenue for the AY 2005-06 in I

ITA 1155/DEL/2009[2004-05]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi28 Apr 2023AY 2004-05

Bench: Dr. B.R.R. Kumar & Shri Yogesh Kumar Us

For Appellant: Shri Ajay VohraFor Respondent: Shri Kanv Bali

profession' or 'income from other sources' shall subject to provisions of sub-section (2) be computed in accordance with either cash or mercantile system of accounting regularly employed by the assessee. It is noteworthy that section 145 came to be amended w.e.f. 1-4-1987 and has not been given ... distortion a profits that the department can in substitution of the existing method." 8. In the instant case, admittedly the assessee is following mercantile system of accounting and as per notes to the accounts, the assessee is following completed contract method of accounting for contracts. The aforesaid method of assessment

Sahara India Power Corporation Ltd., Pune vs. Assistant Commissioner of Income-Tax

In the result, the appeal filed by the revenue for the AY 2005-06 in I

ITA 109/PUN/2007[2003-04]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi28 Apr 2023AY 2003-04

Bench: Dr. B.R.R. Kumar & Shri Yogesh Kumar Us

For Appellant: Shri Ajay VohraFor Respondent: Shri Kanv Bali

profession' or 'income from other sources' shall subject to provisions of sub-section (2) be computed in accordance with either cash or mercantile system of accounting regularly employed by the assessee. It is noteworthy that section 145 came to be amended w.e.f. 1-4-1987 and has not been given ... distortion a profits that the department can in substitution of the existing method." 8. In the instant case, admittedly the assessee is following mercantile system of accounting and as per notes to the accounts, the assessee is following completed contract method of accounting for contracts. The aforesaid method of assessment

Priyanka Tyagi, Raipur vs. Income Tax Offficer-2(2), Bilaspur

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee in ITA

ITA 18/RPR/2023[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Raipur28 Apr 2023AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Ravish Soodआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 15 & 16/Rpr/2023 "नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Years: 2017-18 & 2018-19 Richhpal Singh Tyagi 865, Near Kargil Chowk Sunder Nagar, Raipur (C.G)-492 001 Pan : Admpt5049D .......अपीलाथ" / Appellant बनाम / V/S. The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax-2(1), Bilaspur (C.G.) ……""यथ" / Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita No. 17/Rpr/2023 "नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2017-18 Deepak Tyagi 865, Near Kargil Chowk Sunder Nagar, Raipur (C.G)-492 001 Pan : Ahnpt2650H .......अपीलाथ" / Appellant बनाम / V/S. The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax-4(1), Bilaspur (C.G.) A.Ys.2017-18 & 2018-19

For Appellant: Shri S.R. Rao, AdvocateFor Respondent: Shri Piyush Tripathi, Sr. DR
Section 143(1)

liability to pay such sum was incurred by the Assessee according to the method of accounting regularly employed by it. In short, a mercantile system of accounting cannot be looked at when a deduction is claimed under this Section, making it clear that incurring of liability cannot allow ... Commissioner of Income Tax, Delhi, 2021 SCC OnLine SC 575. [employer(s)] was entitled to deduction even prior to 1-4-1984, on mercantile system of accounting as a business expenditure by making provision in his books of accounts in that regard. In other words, if an assessee(s) [employer

Deepak Tyagi, Raipur vs. Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Circle4(1), Raipur

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee in ITA

ITA 17/RPR/2023[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Raipur28 Apr 2023AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Ravish Soodआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 15 & 16/Rpr/2023 "नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Years: 2017-18 & 2018-19 Richhpal Singh Tyagi 865, Near Kargil Chowk Sunder Nagar, Raipur (C.G)-492 001 Pan : Admpt5049D .......अपीलाथ" / Appellant बनाम / V/S. The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax-2(1), Bilaspur (C.G.) ……""यथ" / Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita No. 17/Rpr/2023 "नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2017-18 Deepak Tyagi 865, Near Kargil Chowk Sunder Nagar, Raipur (C.G)-492 001 Pan : Ahnpt2650H .......अपीलाथ" / Appellant बनाम / V/S. The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax-4(1), Bilaspur (C.G.) A.Ys.2017-18 & 2018-19

For Appellant: Shri S.R. Rao, AdvocateFor Respondent: Shri Piyush Tripathi, Sr. DR
Section 143(1)

liability to pay such sum was incurred by the Assessee according to the method of accounting regularly employed by it. In short, a mercantile system of accounting cannot be looked at when a deduction is claimed under this Section, making it clear that incurring of liability cannot allow ... Commissioner of Income Tax, Delhi, 2021 SCC OnLine SC 575. [employer(s)] was entitled to deduction even prior to 1-4-1984, on mercantile system of accounting as a business expenditure by making provision in his books of accounts in that regard. In other words, if an assessee(s) [employer

Richhpal Singh Tyagi, Raipur vs. Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax-2(1), Bilaspur

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee in ITA

ITA 16/RPR/2023[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Raipur28 Apr 2023AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Ravish Soodआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 15 & 16/Rpr/2023 "नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Years: 2017-18 & 2018-19 Richhpal Singh Tyagi 865, Near Kargil Chowk Sunder Nagar, Raipur (C.G)-492 001 Pan : Admpt5049D .......अपीलाथ" / Appellant बनाम / V/S. The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax-2(1), Bilaspur (C.G.) ……""यथ" / Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita No. 17/Rpr/2023 "नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2017-18 Deepak Tyagi 865, Near Kargil Chowk Sunder Nagar, Raipur (C.G)-492 001 Pan : Ahnpt2650H .......अपीलाथ" / Appellant बनाम / V/S. The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax-4(1), Bilaspur (C.G.) A.Ys.2017-18 & 2018-19

For Appellant: Shri S.R. Rao, AdvocateFor Respondent: Shri Piyush Tripathi, Sr. DR
Section 143(1)

liability to pay such sum was incurred by the Assessee according to the method of accounting regularly employed by it. In short, a mercantile system of accounting cannot be looked at when a deduction is claimed under this Section, making it clear that incurring of liability cannot allow ... Commissioner of Income Tax, Delhi, 2021 SCC OnLine SC 575. [employer(s)] was entitled to deduction even prior to 1-4-1984, on mercantile system of accounting as a business expenditure by making provision in his books of accounts in that regard. In other words, if an assessee(s) [employer

Richhpal Singh Tyagi, Raipur vs. Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax-2(1), Bilaspur

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee in ITA

ITA 15/RPR/2023[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Raipur28 Apr 2023AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Ravish Soodआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 15 & 16/Rpr/2023 "नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Years: 2017-18 & 2018-19 Richhpal Singh Tyagi 865, Near Kargil Chowk Sunder Nagar, Raipur (C.G)-492 001 Pan : Admpt5049D .......अपीलाथ" / Appellant बनाम / V/S. The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax-2(1), Bilaspur (C.G.) ……""यथ" / Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita No. 17/Rpr/2023 "नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2017-18 Deepak Tyagi 865, Near Kargil Chowk Sunder Nagar, Raipur (C.G)-492 001 Pan : Ahnpt2650H .......अपीलाथ" / Appellant बनाम / V/S. The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax-4(1), Bilaspur (C.G.) A.Ys.2017-18 & 2018-19

For Appellant: Shri S.R. Rao, AdvocateFor Respondent: Shri Piyush Tripathi, Sr. DR
Section 143(1)

liability to pay such sum was incurred by the Assessee according to the method of accounting regularly employed by it. In short, a mercantile system of accounting cannot be looked at when a deduction is claimed under this Section, making it clear that incurring of liability cannot allow ... Commissioner of Income Tax, Delhi, 2021 SCC OnLine SC 575. [employer(s)] was entitled to deduction even prior to 1-4-1984, on mercantile system of accounting as a business expenditure by making provision in his books of accounts in that regard. In other words, if an assessee(s) [employer

Gujarat Mitra Private Limited, Surat vs. Asstt. Director Income Tax, CPC, Banglore

ITA 33/SRT/2023[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Surat27 Apr 2023AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Pawan Singh, Jm &Dr. A.L.Saini, Am आयकर अपील सं./Ita No.32 & 33/Srt/2023 (िनधा"रणवष" / Assessment Years: (2017-18 & 2018-19) (Virtual Court Hearing) Gujarat Mitra Pvt. Ltd. Assistant Director Of Income Tax, Ward No.10, Soni Faliya, Chowk Centralized Processing Center, Vs. Bazar, Surat-395003 Bangalore-560500 "थायीलेखासं./जीआइआरसं./Pan/Gir No.: Aabcg 2528 F (अपीलाथ" /Appellant ) (""थ" /Respondent)

For Appellant: Shri Eresh S.Dalal, C.AFor Respondent: Shri Vinod Kumar, Sr-.DR
Section 139(1)Section 143(1)(a)Section 154Section 36

Gujarat Mitra Pvt. Ltd. incurred by the Assessee according to the method of accounting regularly employed by it. In short, a mercantile system of accounting cannot be looked at when a deduction is claimed under this Section, making it clear that incurring of liability cannot allow for a deduction ... Income Tax, Delhi, 2021 SCC On Line SC 575. 24 [employer(s)] was entitled to deduction even prior to 1-4-1984, on mercantile system of accounting as a business expenditure by making provision in his books of accounts in that regard. In other words, if an assessee(s) [employer

Gujarat Mitra Private Limited, Surat vs. Asstt. Director Income Tax, CPC, Banglore

ITA 32/SRT/2023[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Surat27 Apr 2023AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Pawan Singh, Jm &Dr. A.L.Saini, Am आयकर अपील सं./Ita No.32 & 33/Srt/2023 (िनधा"रणवष" / Assessment Years: (2017-18 & 2018-19) (Virtual Court Hearing) Gujarat Mitra Pvt. Ltd. Assistant Director Of Income Tax, Ward No.10, Soni Faliya, Chowk Centralized Processing Center, Vs. Bazar, Surat-395003 Bangalore-560500 "थायीलेखासं./जीआइआरसं./Pan/Gir No.: Aabcg 2528 F (अपीलाथ" /Appellant ) (""थ" /Respondent)

For Appellant: Shri Eresh S.Dalal, C.AFor Respondent: Shri Vinod Kumar, Sr-.DR
Section 139(1)Section 143(1)(a)Section 154Section 36

Gujarat Mitra Pvt. Ltd. incurred by the Assessee according to the method of accounting regularly employed by it. In short, a mercantile system of accounting cannot be looked at when a deduction is claimed under this Section, making it clear that incurring of liability cannot allow for a deduction ... Income Tax, Delhi, 2021 SCC On Line SC 575. 24 [employer(s)] was entitled to deduction even prior to 1-4-1984, on mercantile system of accounting as a business expenditure by making provision in his books of accounts in that regard. In other words, if an assessee(s) [employer

M/S. Karnail Singh & Company, Jalandhar vs. Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax Circle-3, Jalandhar

In the result, both the appeals filed by the assessee are dismissed

ITA 26/ASR/2023[2019-20]Status: DisposedITAT Amritsar25 Apr 2023AY 2019-20

Bench: Dr. M. L. Meena & Sh. Anikesh Banerjee

Section 154Section 2Section 28Section 36Section 36(1)Section 36(1)(va)Section 43B

subject such deductions to conditionality of actual payment. Such conditionality may have the inevitable effect of being different from the theme of mercantile system of accounting on accrual of liability basis qua the specific head of deduction covered therein and not to other heads. But that is a matter

M/S. Karnail Singh & Company, Jalandhar vs. Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax Circle-3, Jalandhar

In the result, both the appeals filed by the assessee are dismissed

ITA 25/ASR/2023[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Amritsar25 Apr 2023AY 2018-19

Bench: Dr. M. L. Meena & Sh. Anikesh Banerjee

Section 154Section 2Section 28Section 36Section 36(1)Section 36(1)(va)Section 43B

subject such deductions to conditionality of actual payment. Such conditionality may have the inevitable effect of being different from the theme of mercantile system of accounting on accrual of liability basis qua the specific head of deduction covered therein and not to other heads. But that is a matter

M/S Bec Infra Private Limited, Durg vs. Dy. Commissioner of Income Tax-1(1), Bhilai

In the result ground no. 3 of the appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 66/RPR/2020[2014-15]Status: HeardITAT Raipur24 Apr 2023AY 2014-15

Bench: Shri Ravish Sood, Jm & Shri Arun Khodpia, Am आयकर अपील सं./Ita No.66/Rpr/2020 (Assessment Year: 2014-2015) M/S Bec Infra Private Limited, Vs Circle-3(1), Raipur 47, Motilal Nehru Nagar, Durg Pan No. :Aagcm 0049 N (अपीलार्थी /Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी / Respondent) .. नििााररती की ओर से /Assessee By : Shri Nilesh Jain, Ca राजस्व की ओर से /Revenue By : Shri Piyush Tripathi, Sr. Dr सुनिाई की तारीख / Date Of Hearing : 20/04/2023 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 24/04/2023 आदेश / O R D E R Per Arun Khodpia, Am : The Assessee Has Filed This Appeal Against The Order Passed By The Cit(A)-Ii, Raipur, Dated 31.12.2019 For The Assessment Year 2014-2015. 2. At The Outset, Ld. Sr. Dr Submitted That The Appeal Filed By The Assessee Is Delayed By 59 Days, Which Can Be Further Extended Since The Claim Of The Assessee That The Order Was Served After 38 Days Of Delay Was Not Supported By Any Documentary Evidence. As Per Appeal Memo In Form No.36, The Date Of Service Of Communication Of The Order Was 7Th February, 2020 & The Appeal Was Filed On 08.06.2020. On This Aspect, The Ld. Ar Submitted That This Was The Covid-19 Period & The Hon’Ble Apex Court Has Already Directed To Extend The Limitation For That Period, Therefore, The Delay May Be Condoned. The Submission Of The Ld. Ar Found Satisfactory & Acceptable & Accordingly, The Delay In Filing The Present Appeal By The Assessee Is Condoned.

For Appellant: Shri Nilesh Jain, CAFor Respondent: Shri Piyush Tripathi, Sr. DR
Section 14A

where in it has been held that: In order to determine the net income of an accounting year under the mercantile system of accounting, the revenue and other incomes are matched with the cost of resources consumed. The matching is to be done on accrual basis. Under this matching concept

Om Sawmi Smaran Developers P. Ltd, Mumbai vs. ITO 8(2)(4), Mumbai

In the result, appeal filed by the assessee is allowed

ITA 6916/MUM/2017[2013-14]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai20 Apr 2023AY 2013-14

Bench: Shri S. Rifaur Rahman, Hon'Ble & Ms Kavitha Rajagopal, Hon'Ble

Section 143(3)

business of construction and development. The assessee has developed slum project at vile Parle known as Ajinkya Durga. The assessee is following mercantile system of accounting and recognizes the revenue on percentage completion method. The Assessing Officer observed that during the year assessee has declared sales

Om Sawmi Smaran Developers P. Ltd, Mumbai vs. ITO 8(2)(4), Mumbai

In the result, appeal filed by the assessee is allowed

ITA 6915/MUM/2017[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai20 Apr 2023AY 2012-13

Bench: Shri S. Rifaur Rahman, Hon'Ble & Ms Kavitha Rajagopal, Hon'Ble

Section 143(3)

business of construction and development. The assessee has developed slum project at vile Parle known as Ajinkya Durga. The assessee is following mercantile system of accounting and recognizes the revenue on percentage completion method. The Assessing Officer observed that during the year assessee has declared sales

DCIT-2(3), Mumbai vs. M/S. Zensar Technologies Ltd., Mumbai

In the result, the appeal is partly allowed

ITA 5653/MUM/2009[2004-05]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai19 Apr 2023AY 2004-05

Bench: Amit Shukla () & Ms. Padmavathy S. ()

Section 10ASection 80Section 92

Section 36(1)(iii) should be construed to mean paid in accordance with the method of accounting followed by the assessee i.e. Mercantile System of accounting...” Notwithstanding the aforesaid, the High Court chose to decline the whole deduction in the year of payment, thereby affirming the orders of the authorities ... below, by invoking the 'Matching Concept'. It is observed by the High Court that under the mercantile system of accounting, book profits are liable to be Civil Appeal Nos. 6366-6368 of 2003 and taxed and in order to determine the net income of an Accounting Year, the revenue

Coronation Infrastructure P.Ltd, New Delhi vs. ITO, Ward- 6(4), New Delhi

In the result, appeal of the assessee is allowed for statistical purposes

ITA 6666/DEL/2019[2015-16]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi19 Apr 2023AY 2015-16
Section 139(1)Section 143(3)Section 43B

Noble & Hewitt (I) Pvt. Ltd. in Appeal No. 839 of 2007 dated 10.09.2007, wherein it was held that assessee, even while following mercantile system of accounting, cannot be invited with the disallowance of the deduction not claimed by it in the return. The assessee also placed reliance on several Tribunal ... Tribunal ('Tribunal'), Delhi Bench "D", New Delhi in ITA No. 2910/Delhi/2004 relevant for the assessment year 1999-2000. 2. The assessed maintains a mercantile system of accounting. It had collected service tax during the previous year relevant to the assessment year in question. Out of the service tax so collected

DCIT, Hisar vs. M/S. the Hisar Distt. Primary Coop, Hisar

ITA 1313/DEL/2017[2013-14]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi19 Apr 2023AY 2013-14

Bench: Sh. N. K. Billaiya & Sh. C.N. Prasadassessment Year: 2013-14 Dy. Cit, M/S. The Hisar Distt. Hisar Vs Primary Coop. Agri. & Rural Development Bank Ltd.,Lajpat Nagar, Hisar-125001 Pan No.Aaeft2419C (Appellant) (Respondent) Cross Objection No.111/Del/2017 ( In Ita No.1313/Del/2017) Assessment Year: 2013-14 M/S. The Hisar Distt. Coop. Dy. Cit, Agrl. & Rural Dev. Bank Vs Hisar Ltd., Lajpat Nagar, Hisar-125001 Pan No.Aaeft2419C (Appellant) (Respondent)

Section 36

deleting the addition made by the AO at Rs.57,13,820/- without appreciating the fact that the assessee has regularly been following mercantile system of accounting and thus the interest accrued during the year, though not realized, is exigible to tax in accordance with the method of accounting regularly employed ... method of accounting for computation of business income and income from other sources. Section 145 permits assessee to follow either cash system or mercantile system of accounting with effect from 1.4.1997. 14. In the light of the findings of the coordinate Bench (supra) we do not find any error

Bhavan Lakhman Ravaria, Mumbai vs. ITO Ward, 21(3)(1). Mumbai, Mumbai

In the result, appeal filed by the assessee is partly allowed

ITA 1127/MUM/2022[2011-12]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai17 Apr 2023AY 2011-12

Bench: Shri Amit Shukla, Hon'Ble & Shri S. Rifaur Rahman, Hon'Blebhavan Lakhman Ravaria V. Income Tax Officer- 21(3)(1) 401, D Wing, Golden Oak Mumbai Opposite D-Mart, Powai Hiranandani, Mumbai Maharashtra - 400076 Pan: Acwpr6513M (Appellant) (Respondent) Assessee Represented By : Shri Khushiram Jadhwani Department Represented By : Shri Chetan M. Kacha

Section 133(6)Section 143(2)Section 68

Swastik Developers, payment in succeeding year to M/s Viva Swastik Developers at Rs 1,96,00,000/- is an ascertained liability as per mercantile system of accounting Reliance is placed on decision of hon'ble Mumbai ITAT in case of L’Oreal India Private Limited vs Add Commissioner of Income

Kay Switcgears India Private Limited, Kapurthala vs. Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax Circle-4, Jalandhar

In the result, the appeal of the assessee bearing ITA 192/Asr/2022 is

ITA 24/ASR/2023[2020-21]Status: DisposedITAT Amritsar11 Apr 2023AY 2020-21

Bench: Dr. M. L. Meena & Sh. Anikesh Banerjeei.T.A. No.23/Asr/2023 Assessment Year: 2019-20 Ess Ess Kay Engineering Co. Vs. Nfac, Delhi/C/O Asstt. Pvt. Ltd. Factory Area, Commissioner Of Income Jalandhar. Tax Circle-4, Jalandhar. [Pan: Aaace5057G] (Respondent) (Appellant)

Section 143(1)Section 250oSection 36Section 36(1)(va)Section 43B

liability to pay such sum was incurred by the Assessee according to the method of accounting regularly employed by it. In short, a mercantile system of accounting cannot be looked at when a deduction is claimed under this Section, making it clear that incurring of liability cannot allow ... constituted income. This is the reason why every assessee(s) [employer(s)] was entitled to deduction even prior to 1-4-1984, on mercantile system of accounting as a business expenditure by making provision in his books of accounts in that regard. In other words, if an assessee(s) [employer