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“erroneous and prejudicial”

Rectification & RevisionSection 263Section 2633,136 judgments

The decision most relied on for erroneous and prejudicial is Malabar Industrial Co. Ltd. v. CIT (243 ITR 83), cited in 2,943 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on erroneous and prejudicial

Malabar Industrial Co. Ltd. v. CIT
243 ITR 83 · 2000 · Supreme Court
2,943
citing judgments

For revision under Section 263, the Assessing Officer's order must be both erroneous and prejudicial to the interests of the revenue; if either condition is not met, the revisionary jurisdiction cannot be invoked. An order is not erroneous merely because the Assessing Officer did not record the details of enquiries conducted, provided due enquiries were made.

CIT v. Max India Ltd.
295 ITR 282 · 2007 · Supreme Court
1,162
citing judgments

Under Section 263, an assessment order is not erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of the revenue merely because the Principal Commissioner disagrees with the Assessing Officer's (AO) view, particularly if the AO has adopted one of two permissible views in law, unless that view is completely unsustainable. If due inquiries were made, the AO's order does not become erroneous solely because the fact of inquiries was not recorded.

CIT v. Gabriel India Ltd.
203 ITR 108 · 1993 · High Court
990
citing judgments

The Commissioner cannot revise an assessment order under Section 263 merely because they hold a different opinion or believe a deeper inquiry was warranted if the Assessing Officer has applied their mind and conducted some inquiry. Revision under Section 263 is permissible only in cases of a complete lack of inquiry or non-application of mind by the Assessing Officer, not for merely inadequate inquiry.

CIT v. Sunbeam Auto Ltd.
332 ITR 167 · 2011 · High Court
897
citing judgments

The Commissioner cannot revise an assessment under Section 263 merely because the assessment order does not explicitly reflect an inquiry, or because the Commissioner holds a different opinion. An inquiry, even if considered inadequate, or an assessment based on a plausible view by the Assessing Officer after due examination, does not automatically make the order erroneous or prejudicial to the interests of the revenue.

Rampyari Devi Saraogi v. CIT
67 ITR 84 · 1968 · Supreme Court
616
citing judgments

An assessment order is erroneous and prejudicial to the Revenue's interests if the Assessing Officer accepts a sum offered as income by an assessee, even when that sum was not actually earned, thereby allowing revision under Section 263.

Gee Vee Enterprises v. Addl. CIT
99 ITR 375 · 1975 · High Court
543
citing judgments

An assessment order is erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of revenue if the Assessing Officer fails to make proper inquiries before accepting the assessee's statements or claims. The Commissioner can revise such an order under Section 263 without conducting further inquiries himself.

ITO v. D.G. Housing Projects Ltd.
343 ITR 329 · 2012 · High Court
438
citing judgments

For exercising revisional jurisdiction under Section 263, the Commissioner must first find that the Assessing Officer's order is erroneous and unsustainable in law, as this is a condition precedent. An order is not erroneous merely because two views are possible, or if the Commissioner disagrees with the Assessing Officer's permissible view, or to simply remit the matter for further enquiries.

CIT v. Vikas Polymers
341 ITR 537 · 2012 · High Court
318
citing judgments

An assessment order is not erroneous and prejudicial under Section 263 merely because the Assessing Officer did not record an enquiry and its satisfactory answer in the assessment order, provided such an enquiry was conducted. For revision under Section 263, the Commissioner must also provide the assessee an opportunity of being heard and examine their explanation.

Judgments citing erroneous and prejudicial

Insight Print Communications Private Limited, Mumbai vs. The PCIT, Mumbai-4, Mumbai

In the result, appeal of the assessee is dismissed

ITA 3384/MUM/2025[2020-21]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai31 Dec 2025AY 2020-21

Bench: Shri Pawan Singh & Shri Girish Agrawalassessment Year: 2020-21 Insight Print Communications Pcit, Mumbai-4 Private Limited A-14, Synthofine Industrial Estate, Behind Virvani Industrial Estate, Vs. Dindoshi, Off Aarey Road, Goregaon (East), Mumbai – 400063 (Pan: Aabci6530P) (Appellant) (Respondent) Present For: Assessee : Shri Lalchand Choudhary, Ca Revenue : Shri R.A. Dhyani, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 08.10.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 31.12.2025 O R D E R Per Girish Agrawal: This Appeal Filed By The Assessee Is Against The Revisionary Order By Ld. Pcit, Mumbai-4, Vide Order No. Itba/Rev/F/Rev5/2024- 25/1074740466(1), Dated 20.03.2025 Passed U/S. 263 Of The Income- Tax Act, 1961 (Hereinafter Referred To As The “Act”) Against The Assessment Order By Assessment Unit, U/S. 143(3) R.W.S.144B Of The Act, Dated 22.09.2022, For Ay 2020-21. 2. Grounds Taken By Assessee Are Reproduced As Under: 1. The Appellant Prefers The Following Appeal Against The Order Dated 20/03/2025 Of The Principal Commissioner Of Income Tax, Mumbai-4 (Hereinafter Referred To As "The Pcit ") Passed Under Section 263 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 ("The Act"). Each Of The Grounds Is In Alternative & Without Prejudice To Other.

For Appellant: Shri Lalchand Choudhary, CAFor Respondent: Shri R.A. Dhyani, CIT DR
Section 142(1)Section 143(3)Section 263Section 37Section 40

aggrieved by that order, it has the right to appeal before CIT(A). Similarly, if the department finds that the order passed is erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of the revenue, statute provides mechanism to the department (PCIT) to invoke revisionary powers and set aside the order of assessment

Catholic Education Society, Mumbai vs. Income Tax (Exemption), Mumbai

In the result, appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 5030/MUM/2025[2020-21]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai29 Dec 2025AY 2020-21

Bench: Shri Sandeep Gosain & Shri Girish Agrawalcatholic Education Society Vs Income Tax Department Cit 338, Bb, Michael Villa, New (Exemption) Hall Road, Kurla (W), Mumbai Room No.601, 6Th Floor, 400070 Cumballa Hill Mtnl Te Building, Pedder Road, Dr. Gopalrao Deshmukh Marg, Pan: (Aaatc5704H) Mumbai 400026 Appellant Respondent Present For: Appellant By : Dr K Shivram Sr. Advocate & Shri Shashi Bekal, Ca Respondent By : Shri R.A. Dhyani, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 01.10.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 29.12.2025 O R D E R Per Girish Agrawal: This Appeal Filed By The Assessee Is Against The Order Of Cit(Exemptions), Mumbai Vide Order No. Itba/Rev/F/Rev5/2024- 25/1075306167(1) Dated 30.03.2025 Passed Against Assessment Order U/S. 143(3) Of The Income-Tax Act, 1961 (Hereinafter Referred To As The “Act”), Dated 05.09.2022 For Ay 2020-21. 2. Grounds Taken By The Assessee Are Reproduced As Under: “1. On Facts & Circumstances Of The Case & In Law, The Ld. Commissioner Of Income-Tax (Exemption) (Cit(E)) Has Erred In Issuing A Notice & Passing An 2

For Appellant: Dr K Shivram Sr. Advocate and Shri Shashi Bekal, CAFor Respondent: Shri R.A. Dhyani, CIT DR
Section 11Section 12ASection 13Section 13(3)Section 142(1)Section 143(1)Section 143(3)Section 263

Catholic Education Society order under section 263 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (Act) when the assessment order is neither erroneous nor prejudicial to the interest of the Revenue. 2. On facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the Ld. CIT(E) has erred in issuing a Notice ... 5030/Mum/2025 AY 2020-21 Catholic Education Society should have been made while completing the assessment. The issue regarding whether the assessment order is erroneous or prejudicial on the ground of insufficiency of enquiry has been dealt by the Hon'ble Delhi High Court in the judgment

Jalpa Uttapal Patel, Ahmedabad vs. The Pr.CIT, Ahmedabad-1, Ahmedabad

In the result, the appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 720/AHD/2025[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Ahmedabad23 Dec 2025AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Sanjay Garg & Shri Makarand V. Mahadeokarआयकर अपील सं /Ita No.720/Ahd/2025 िनधा"रण वष" /Assessment Year : 2018-19 Jalpa Uttapal Patel The Pr.Cit बनाम/ N Y Steel Corporation Ahmedabad-1 V/S. 6 Puja Apartment Ahmedabad – 380 015 Vrundavan Colony Opp. Sardar Patel Hospital Maninagar Ahmedabad – 380 008 "थायी लेखा सं./Pan: Baxpp 4020 K (अपीलाथ%/ Appellant) (&' यथ%/ Respondent) Assessee By : Shri Biren Shah, Ar Revenue By : Shri Sher Singh, Cit-Dr सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 30 /09/2025 घोषणा की तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement: 23/12/2025 आदेश/O R D E R Per Sanjay Garg: The Present Appeal Has Been Preferred By The Assessee Against The Revision Order Passed By The Principal Commissioner Of Income Tax, Ahmedabad-1 (Hereinafter Referred To As “Pcit”) Dated 26/03/2025 U/S.263 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 (Hereinafter Referred To As “The Act”) For The Assessment Year (Ay) 2018-19. 2. The Assessee, In This Appeal, Has Contested The Very Exercise Of Revision Jurisdiction By The Ld. Pcit U/S.263 Of The Act. Jalpa Uttapal Patel Vs. Pcit Asst.Year : 2018-19 2

For Appellant: Shri Biren Shah, ARFor Respondent: Shri Sher Singh, CIT-DR
Section 143(1)Section 147Section 263Section 69C

accepted income declared in the ITR, without making any addition. Therefore, the order of the A.O. was found erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of the Revenue.” 4. Similar reasoning has been given by the PCIT in the show-cause notice issued u/s.263 of the Act, copy of which ... assessment order being fully satisfied from the evidences and explanations furnished by the assessee, that itself, does not make the assessment order erroneous or prejudicial to the interests of the revenue. The revision jurisdiction u/s.263 of the Act cannot be exercised merely on the basis of whims and wishes

Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, Central Circle-4(3), Kolkata vs. Gaurang Alloys and Iron Limited, Kolkata

In the result, the appeal of the revenue is dismissed

ITA 1257/KOL/2025[2020-21]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata23 Dec 2025AY 2020-21

Bench: Shri Rajesh Kumar, Accountantmember & Shri Pradip Kumar Choubey, Judicialmember Assessment Year: 2020-21 Dcit, Central Circle-4(3), Kolkata…....………..............................……….……Appellant Vs. Gaurang Alloys & Iron Ltd...………….……………………...……...…..…..Respondent 402A, Mangalam, 24/26, Hemanta Basu Sarani, Kol-1.. [Pan: Aaccg1485A] Appearances By: Dr. Anup Biswas, Cit-Dr,Appeared On Behalf Of The Appellant. Shri S. Jhajharia, Ar, Appeared On Behalf Of The Respondent. Date Of Concluding The Hearing : October 30, 2025 Date Of Pronouncing The Order :December 23, 2025 Order Per Rajesh Kumar: This Is An Appeal Preferred By The Revenue Against The Order Of The Cit(Appeals)-27, Kolkata (Hereinafter Referred To As The “Ld. Cit(A)”] Dated 25.02.2025Passed U/S 250 Of The Income Tax Act (Hereinafter Referred To As The ‘Act’)For The Ay 2020-21. 2. The Only Issue Raised By The Revenue In This Appeal Is Against The Order Of Ld. Cit(A) Treating The Undisclosed Cash Sales/Receipts Of Rs.7,54,07,283/- As Business Transaction & Directing The Ao To Apply G.P Rate @ 6.5% To Determine The Profit From The Undisclosed Sales/Receipts.

Section 132(1)Section 139(1)Section 143(1)Section 153ASection 250Section 68

thequantum of unaccounted turnover of Rs 1,77,95,859/- is concerned, the order so passed bythe AO cannot be held as erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of Revenue. Therefore,the limited issue that remains to be examined is the rate of profit so declared by theassessee on such ... unaccounted turnover which has not examined by the AO which rendersthe assessment order as erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of the Revenue andtherefore, to this limited extent, the directions of the Ld. Pr. CIT are sustained and the matteris set-aside to the file of the AO to examine