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“tangible material”

ReassessmentSection 147Section 1472,812 judgments

The decision most relied on for tangible material is CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. (320 ITR 561), cited in 1,673 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on tangible material

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
320 ITR 561 · 2010 · Supreme Court
1,673
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot initiate reassessment proceedings under Section 147 of the Income Tax Act based on a mere change of opinion. Reassessment is permissible only when there is fresh tangible material leading to the belief of income escapement, not merely a review of existing facts.

ACIT v. Rajesh Jhaveri Stock Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
291 ITR 500 · 2007 · Supreme Court
1,030
citing judgments

For initiating reassessment proceedings under Section 147, the Assessing Officer needs only prima facie material providing a reason to believe that income has escaped assessment. Conclusive proof or the sufficiency/correctness of the material is not required at the stage of issuing the notice under Section 148.

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
256 ITR 1 · 2002 · High Court
439
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot reopen an assessment under Section 147 based on a mere change of opinion regarding the same material available during the original assessment. Reopening requires fresh, tangible material or information that leads to a reason to believe income has escaped assessment.

CIT v. Orient Craft Ltd.
354 ITR 536 · 2013 · High Court
366
citing judgments

Reassessment of income, especially after a summary assessment under Section 143(1), requires the Assessing Officer to possess fresh, tangible material to form a reason to believe that income has escaped assessment; a mere reappraisal of existing records or a change of opinion without new material is not permissible.

222 Taxman 15 (Gujarat)(MAG.), Principal Commissioner of Income-tax-4 v. G & G Pharma India Ltd.
384 ITR 147 · 2016 · High Court
274
citing judgments

An assessment can be reopened if there is tangible material indicating escapement of income, demonstrating a live link between the material and the reasons recorded for reopening. The Assessing Officer must apply their mind to the material facts, and the sanction under section 151 should not be based on borrowed satisfaction.

PCIT v. RMG Polyvinyl (I) Ltd.
396 ITR 5 · 2017 · High Court
272
citing judgments

Reassessment based solely on information from the Investigation Wing, without the Assessing Officer conducting further inquiry or demonstrating an independent application of mind, is unjustified and invalid.

CIT v. Foramer France
264 ITR 566 · 2003 · Supreme Court
253
citing judgments

Reassessment proceedings initiated under Section 147 beyond four years from the end of the relevant assessment year are invalid unless the assessee failed to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for assessment. Without such failure, the notice issued under Section 148 is time-barred and without jurisdiction.

Haryana Acrylic Manufacturing Company v. CIT
308 ITR 38 · 2009 · High Court
248
citing judgments

Reassessment proceedings are invalid if the reasons recorded for initiating action under section 148 are not served on the assessee within the limitation period prescribed by section 149. Furthermore, reassessment cannot be based on a mere change of opinion without tangible material, particularly when the assessee has made a full and true disclosure of material facts.

Judgments citing tangible material

Dy, Commissioner of Income Tax, Central Circle-3(4), Mumbai vs. Glint Infraporjects Private .Ltd, Mumbai

In the result, the appeal of the learned Assessing Officer and CO of the assessee, are dismissed

ITA 2166/MUM/2023[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai28 Feb 2024AY 2012-13

Bench: Shri Prashant Maharishi, Am & Shri Pavan Kumar Gadale, Jm Dy. Commissioner Of Income Glint Infraprojects Private Tax, Limited Central Circle 3(4), 5Th Floor, Sunteck Centre, Room No.1915, 19T Floor, Vs. 37-40 Subash Rd, Vile Parle Air India Building, (E), Mumbai-400 057 Nariman Point-400 021 (Appellant) (Respondent) Pan No. Aadcg5620L Co No. 131/Mum/2023 (Arising In Ita No.2166/Mum/2023 For A.Y. 12-13) Dy. Commissioner Of Income Glint Infraprojects Private Tax, Limited Central Circle 3(4), 5Th Floor, Sunteck Centre, Room No.1915, 19T Floor, Vs. 37-40 Subash Rd, Vile Parle Air India Building, (E), Mumbai-400 057 Nariman Point-400 021 (Appellant/ Cross Objector) (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri Gaurav Kabra, Ar Revenue By : Shri Mirza Azhar, Dr Date Of Hearing: 25.01.2024 Date Of Pronouncement : 28.02..2024

For Appellant: Shri Gaurav Kabra, ARFor Respondent: Shri Mirza Azhar, DR
Section 143(1)Section 143(3)Section 147Section 148Section 68

reopening is invalid. 014. The learned Departmental Representative submitted that there is no assessment made by the learned Assessing Officer on original return, subsequently tangible material as per the report of the DDIT was received, the learned Assessing Officer has formed prima facie reason of escapement of income and therefore ... rationale. Based on the same reasons were recorded and the notice for reopening of the assessment was issued. We find that there is a tangible material in the form of report of the investigation wing which also raised issue of the unusual transaction in the bank account of the assessee

Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Thane West vs. Konark Infrastructure Limited, Ulhasnagar

In the result, the appeal of the assessee is partly allowed and the appeal of the Revenue is dismissed

ITA 3088/MUM/2023[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai27 Feb 2024AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Br Baskaran, Am & Shri Aby T. Varkey, Jm आयकर अपील सं/ I.T.A. No. 3025/Mum/2023 (निर्धारण वर्ा / Assessment Year: 2017-18) Konark Infrastructure Ltd बिधम/ Dcit, Central Circle – 4 Ground Floor, Sapna 6Th Floor, Ashar It Park, Vs. Talkies, Konark Plaza, Near 16Z, Waghle Estate, Sapna Garden, Ulhasnagar Thane (W) 42100. स्थधयी लेखध सं./जीआइआर सं./Pan/Gir No. : Aabck6745L (अपीलार्थी /Appellant) .. (प्रत्यर्थी / Respondent) आयकर अपील सं/ I.T.A. No. 3088/Mum/2023 (निर्धारण वर्ा / Assessment Year: 2017-18) Dcit, Central Circle – 4 बिधम/ Konark Infrastructure Ltd 6Th Floor, Ashar It Park, Ground Floor, Sapna Vs. 16Z, Waghle Estate, Thane Talkies, Konark Plaza, (W) Near Sapna Garden, Ulhasnagar 42100. स्थधयी लेखध सं./जीआइआर सं./Pan/Gir No. : Aabck6745L (अपीलार्थी /Appellant) .. (प्रत्यर्थी / Respondent) Assessee By: Shri Vijay Mehta Revenue By: Shri Biswanant Das, Cit Dr सुनवाई की तारीख / Date Of Hearing: 14/02/2024 घोषणा की तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement: 27/02/2024 आदेश / O R D E R Per Aby T. Varkey, Jm:

For Appellant: Shri Vijay MehtaFor Respondent: Shri Biswanant Das, CIT DR
Section 132Section 153A

lower authorities that these two noting’s ought to suggest payment of cash on-monies need not be correct, unless there is any tangible material available to infer these noting’s as cash payments, which in this case was not available. A.Y. 2017-18 Konark Infrastructure Ltd 9. To buttress

Konark Infrastructure Ltd, Ulhasnagar vs. DCIT Central Circle - 4, Thane

In the result, the appeal of the assessee is partly allowed and the appeal of the Revenue is dismissed

ITA 3025/MUM/2023[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai27 Feb 2024AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Br Baskaran, Am & Shri Aby T. Varkey, Jm आयकर अपील सं/ I.T.A. No. 3025/Mum/2023 (निर्धारण वर्ा / Assessment Year: 2017-18) Konark Infrastructure Ltd बिधम/ Dcit, Central Circle – 4 Ground Floor, Sapna 6Th Floor, Ashar It Park, Vs. Talkies, Konark Plaza, Near 16Z, Waghle Estate, Sapna Garden, Ulhasnagar Thane (W) 42100. स्थधयी लेखध सं./जीआइआर सं./Pan/Gir No. : Aabck6745L (अपीलार्थी /Appellant) .. (प्रत्यर्थी / Respondent) आयकर अपील सं/ I.T.A. No. 3088/Mum/2023 (निर्धारण वर्ा / Assessment Year: 2017-18) Dcit, Central Circle – 4 बिधम/ Konark Infrastructure Ltd 6Th Floor, Ashar It Park, Ground Floor, Sapna Vs. 16Z, Waghle Estate, Thane Talkies, Konark Plaza, (W) Near Sapna Garden, Ulhasnagar 42100. स्थधयी लेखध सं./जीआइआर सं./Pan/Gir No. : Aabck6745L (अपीलार्थी /Appellant) .. (प्रत्यर्थी / Respondent) Assessee By: Shri Vijay Mehta Revenue By: Shri Biswanant Das, Cit Dr सुनवाई की तारीख / Date Of Hearing: 14/02/2024 घोषणा की तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement: 27/02/2024 आदेश / O R D E R Per Aby T. Varkey, Jm:

For Appellant: Shri Vijay MehtaFor Respondent: Shri Biswanant Das, CIT DR
Section 132Section 153A

lower authorities that these two noting’s ought to suggest payment of cash on-monies need not be correct, unless there is any tangible material available to infer these noting’s as cash payments, which in this case was not available. A.Y. 2017-18 Konark Infrastructure Ltd 9. To buttress