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“change of opinion”

ReassessmentSection 147Section 1472,292 judgments

The decision most relied on for change of opinion is CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. (320 ITR 561), cited in 1,673 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on change of opinion

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
320 ITR 561 · 2010 · Supreme Court
1,673
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot initiate reassessment proceedings under Section 147 of the Income Tax Act based on a mere change of opinion. Reassessment is permissible only when there is fresh tangible material leading to the belief of income escapement, not merely a review of existing facts.

Hindustan Lever Ltd. v. R.B. Wadkar
268 ITR 332 · 2004 · High Court
695
citing judgments

The validity of reassessment proceedings initiated under Section 147, by issuing a notice under Section 148, must be judged solely on the reasons originally recorded by the Assessing Officer. These recorded reasons cannot be supplemented, improved upon, or modified at any later stage.

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
256 ITR 1 · 2002 · High Court
439
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot reopen an assessment under Section 147 based on a mere change of opinion regarding the same material available during the original assessment. Reopening requires fresh, tangible material or information that leads to a reason to believe income has escaped assessment.

T.S. Balaram ITO v. Volkart Bros.
82 ITR 50 · 1971 · Supreme Court
382
citing judgments

A mistake apparent from the record under Section 154 must be an obvious and patent error, not one that requires a long and elaborate process of reasoning or where two opinions are conceivable. Rectification under Section 154 is not permissible for re-examining issues already considered or requiring detailed re-computation.

CIT v. Orient Craft Ltd.
354 ITR 536 · 2013 · High Court
366
citing judgments

Reassessment of income, especially after a summary assessment under Section 143(1), requires the Assessing Officer to possess fresh, tangible material to form a reason to believe that income has escaped assessment; a mere reappraisal of existing records or a change of opinion without new material is not permissible.

CIT v. Foramer France
264 ITR 566 · 2003 · Supreme Court
253
citing judgments

Reassessment proceedings initiated under Section 147 beyond four years from the end of the relevant assessment year are invalid unless the assessee failed to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for assessment. Without such failure, the notice issued under Section 148 is time-barred and without jurisdiction.

Haryana Acrylic Manufacturing Company v. CIT
308 ITR 38 · 2009 · High Court
248
citing judgments

Reassessment proceedings are invalid if the reasons recorded for initiating action under section 148 are not served on the assessee within the limitation period prescribed by section 149. Furthermore, reassessment cannot be based on a mere change of opinion without tangible material, particularly when the assessee has made a full and true disclosure of material facts.

CIT v. SFIL Stock Broking Ltd.
325 ITR 285 · 2010 · High Court
243
citing judgments

Reassessment proceedings under Section 147 are invalid and void ab initio if initiated based on 'borrowed satisfaction' without the Assessing Officer's independent application of mind, or merely on documents already available on record without fresh tangible material.

Judgments citing change of opinion

Sunil Uttam Kakade, Pune vs. ITO Ward 4(3) Pune, Pune

In the result appeal of the assessee is partly allowed

ITA 2251/PUN/2024[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Pune30 Jul 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Ms.Astha Chandra & Dr.Dipak P. Ripoteआयकर अपील सं./Ita No.2251/Pun/2024 िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2017-18 Sunil Uttam Kakade, V The Income Tax Officer, Roopm No.7, Bldg. No.4, S. Ward-8(3), Pune. Ashok Nagar Pimpri, Kalewadi B.O, Pune – 411017. Maharashtra. Pan: Aospk4472L Appellant/ Assessee Respondent / Revenue Assessee By Shri Kishor B Phadke – Ar Revenue By Shri Akhilesh Srivastva –Addl.Cit(Dr) Date Of Hearing 09/07/2025 Date Of Pronouncement 30/07/2025 आदेश/ Order Per Dr. Dipak P. Ripote, Am: The Assessee Has Filed An Appeal Against The Order Of Ld.Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeal)[Nfac], Passed Under Section 250 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 Dated 31.10.2023 For A.Y.2017-18, Emanating From The Order U/S.147 R.W.S 144 Read With Section 144B Of The Act, Dated 29.03.2022. The Assessee Has Raised The Following Grounds Of Appeal :

Section 143(2)Section 144(1)(b)Section 144BSection 147Section 148Section 250Section 69A

response to notice dated 09.09.2019. 2.1 Therefore, ld.AR for the Assessee pleaded that the notice u/s.148 dated 30.03.2021 is based on change of opinion and hence, not sustainable. The ld.AR relied on the following case laws : “a. Berger Paints India Ltd. V. ACIT ([2010] 322 ITR 369 (Calcutta)) b. Commissioner ... Ward-8(5), Pune after considering the submission dropped the proceedings. Therefore, the subsequent notice u/s.148 dated 30.03.2021 is based on mere change of opinion, rather the Assessing Officer has not applied his mind while issuing the said notice dated 30.03.2021, as nowhere the Assessing Officer has referred

Vidarbha Mining Private Limited, Mumbai vs. Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, Circle-1(3)(2), Mumbai

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee is hereby allowed

ITA 1265/MUM/2024[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai30 Jul 2025AY 2014-15

Bench: Ms. Kavitha Rajagopal, Jm & Ms. Padmavathy S., Am Vidarbha Mining Private Limited Deputy Commissioner Of Income 703, Samarpan Complex, Near Mirador Tax, Circle-1(3)(2), Mumbai Room No. 540, 5Th Floor, Aayakar Hotel, New Link Road, Chakala, Andheri (East), Mumbai – 400099. Vs. Bhavan, Maharshi Karve Rd, New Marine Lines, Churchgate, Mumbai – 400020. Pan/Gir No. Aaccv2506M (Assessee) : (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri. Gaurav Kabra Respondent By : Shri. G. J. Ninawe, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing : 01.05.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 30.07.2025 O R D E R Per Kavitha Rajagopal, J M: This Appeal Has Been Filed By The Assessee, Challenging The Order Of The Learned Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals)-Delhi (‘Ld. Cit(A) For Short), National Faceless Appeal Centre (‘Nfac’ For Short) Passed U/S.250 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 (‘The Act'), Pertaining To The Assessment Year (‘A.Y.’ For Short) 2014-15. 2. The Assessee Has Raised The Following Grounds Of Appeal & Has Also Filed Additional Grounds Which Are As Follows: Grounds Of Appeal: “1. On The Facts & Circumstances Of The Case As Well As In Law, The Learned Cit(A) Has Erred In Confirming The Action Of Learned Assessing Officer In Reopening The Assessment U/S.147 Of The Act, Without Appreciating The Fact & Circumstances Of The Case. Vidarbha Mining Private Limited Vs. Dy. Cit

For Appellant: Shri. Gaurav KabraFor Respondent: Shri. G. J. Ninawe, SR. DR
Section 115JSection 143(1)Section 143(3)Section 147Section 148Section 153CSection 250Section 68

confirming the action of the Learned Assessing Officer in reopening the assessment u/s.147 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 on the basis of change of opinion, without appreciating the fact and circumstances of the case. The appellant prays to Your Honours' kindly allow to raise the additional ground, which ... with the materials that were already available during the original assessment proceedings which was merely 3 Vidarbha Mining Private Limited vs. Dy. CIT change of opinion by the ld. AO. The ld. AR further stated that during the scrutiny assessment the issue of capital gain on sale of mining business

M/S.Mahogany Logistics Services Pvt. Ltd., Madurai vs. PCIT, Madurai-1

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee is dismissed

ITA 1631/CHNY/2024[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai28 Jul 2025AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri S.S. Viswanethra Ravi & Shri S.R. Raghunathaआयकर अपील सं./I.T.A. No.1631/Chny/2024 िनधा"रण वष"/Assessment Year: 2018-19 M/S. Mahogany Logistics Services Vs. The Principal Commissioner Of Private Limited, Income Tax-1, 10, Jawahar Road, Chokkikulam, Madurai. Madurai 625 002. [Pan:Aafcd8781R] (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) (""थ"/Respondent) अपीलाथ" की ओर से / Appellant By : Shri N.V. Balaji, Advocate ""थ" की ओर से/Respondent By : Shri S. Senthil Kumaran, Cit सुनवाई की तारीख/ Date Of Hearing : 30.04.2025 घोषणा की तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement : 28.07.2025 आदेश /O R D E R Per S.S. Viswanethra Ravi: This Appeal Filed By The Assessee Is Directed Against The Order Dated 30.03.2024 Passed By The Ld. Principal Commissioner Of Income Tax 1, Madurai Under Section 263 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 [“Act” In Short] For The Assessment Year 2018-19. 2. Brief Facts Of The Case Are That The Assessee Company [Earlier Known As M/S. Drsr Logistics Services Private Limited] Filed Its Return Of Income For The Ay 2018-19 Claiming Loss Of ₹.31,28,98,436/- Under 2

For Appellant: Shri N.V. Balaji, AdvocateFor Respondent: Shri S. Senthil Kumaran, CIT
Section 139(9)Section 143(3)Section 201Section 263Section 36Section 37Section 40

change in the position adopted by the Assessing Officer after due scrutiny and examination of the facts again will constitute as ‘change of opinion’ and the same cannot be basis for initiating proceedings under section 263 of the Act and relied on the decision of the jurisdictional High Court ... therefore, the argument of revision under section 263 of the Act is not maintainable as the opinion of the ld. PCIT constitute a change of opinion, is rejected. The ld. AR placed reliance on the decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of S.A. Builders (supra