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“reason to believe”

ReassessmentSection 147Section 1474,202 judgments

The decision most relied on for reason to believe is CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. (320 ITR 561), cited in 1,673 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on reason to believe

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
320 ITR 561 · 2010 · Supreme Court
1,673
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot initiate reassessment proceedings under Section 147 of the Income Tax Act based on a mere change of opinion. Reassessment is permissible only when there is fresh tangible material leading to the belief of income escapement, not merely a review of existing facts.

CIT v. Durga Prasad More
82 ITR 540 · 1971 · Supreme Court
1,579
citing judgments

Tax authorities must judge evidence using the test of human probabilities and consider the apparent as real until there are reasons to believe it is not. They can rely on circumstantial evidence and the preponderance of probabilities to determine the genuineness of transactions.

ACIT v. Rajesh Jhaveri Stock Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
291 ITR 500 · 2007 · Supreme Court
1,030
citing judgments

For initiating reassessment proceedings under Section 147, the Assessing Officer needs only prima facie material providing a reason to believe that income has escaped assessment. Conclusive proof or the sufficiency/correctness of the material is not required at the stage of issuing the notice under Section 148.

Raymond Woollen Mills Ltd. v. ITO
236 ITR 34 · 1999 · Supreme Court
862
citing judgments

For reassessment proceedings under Section 148, the Assessing Officer only needs prima facie material to have a reason to believe income has escaped assessment. Conclusive proof or evaluation of the sufficiency and correctness of such material is not required at the stage of issuing the notice.

ITO v. Lakhmani Mewal Das
103 ITR 437 · 1976 · Supreme Court
721
citing judgments

For reassessment proceedings, the 'reason to believe' that income has escaped assessment must be based on some material and not mere suspicion, establishing a live link between the information and the belief. Furthermore, for reassessment beyond four years, there must be a specific finding of the assessee's failure to disclose fully and truly all material facts.

CIT v. Jet Airways (I) Ltd.
331 ITR 236 · 2011 · High Court
694
citing judgments

The Assessing Officer loses jurisdiction and the entire reassessment becomes invalid if no addition is made in respect of the income that formed the basis of the reopening. Explanation 3 to Section 147 does not permit assessing other escaped income unless an addition is made for the original income forming the reason to believe.

PCIT v. Meenakshi Overseas Pvt. Ltd.
395 ITR 677 · 2017 · High Court
471
citing judgments

Reassessment proceedings initiated solely based on an investigation wing/appraisal report, without the Assessing Officer's independent application of mind to form a 'reason to believe' that income has escaped assessment, are beyond jurisdiction, bad in law, and void ab initio.

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
256 ITR 1 · 2002 · High Court
439
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot reopen an assessment under Section 147 based on a mere change of opinion regarding the same material available during the original assessment. Reopening requires fresh, tangible material or information that leads to a reason to believe income has escaped assessment.

Judgments citing reason to believe

Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Corporate Circle 1(1), Chennai vs. M/S Cholamandalam Investment and Finance Company Limited, Chennai

ITA 2835/CHNY/2024[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai28 Apr 2025AY 2014-15

Bench: Shri Aby T Varkey, Hon'Ble & Shri S. R. Raghunatha, Hon'Bleआयकर अपीलसं./Ita Nos.: 2613 & 2732/Chny/2024 निर्धारणवर्ष / Assessment Years: 2013-14 & 2014-15 Cholamandalam Investment & Finance Company Limited, Chola Crest, C 54 & C 55, Super B-4, Thiru Vi Ka Industrial Estate, Guindy, Guindy Industrial Estate S.O., Chennai - 600 032. [Pan: Aaacc-1226-H] (अपीलार्थी/Appellant) & The Deputy Commissioner Of Income Tax, V. Corporate Circle -1(1), Chennai - 600 034. (प्रत्यर्थी/Respondent) आयकर अपीलसं./Ita Nos.: 2835, 2836 & 2820/Chny/2024 निर्धारणवर्ष / Assessment Years: 2014-15, 2014-15 & 2015-16 The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax, Corporate Circle -1(1), Chennai - 600 034 Cholamandalam Investment & Finance Company V. Limited, (अपीलार्थी/Appellant) Chola Crest, C 54 & C 55, Super B-4, Thiru Vi Ka Industrial Estate, Guindy, Guindy Industrial Estate S.O., Chennai - 600 032. [Pan: Aaacc-1226-H] (प्रत्यर्थी/Respondent) Assessee By Department By : Mr. Ajith Kumar Jain Ca & Mr. Kunal Shah, Ca & Ms. Aashna Dhila, Ca : Mr. R. Clement Ramesh Kumar, Cit & Ms. Anitha, Addl.Cit सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 12.02.2025 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 28.04.2025 :-2-:

For Respondent: Mr. Ajith Kumar Jain CA & Mr. Kunal Shah, CA
Section 143(3)Section 250Section 43(5)

आयकर अपीलीय अधिकरण, 'सी'न्यायपीठ, चेन्नई IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL 'C' BENCH, CHENNAI श्रीएबीटीवर्की, न्यायिकसदस्यएवंश्रीएस.आर. रघुनाथा, लेखासदस्यकेसमक्ष

Cholamandalam Investment and Fianance Co. Ltd., Chennai vs. DCIT, Corporate Circle-1(1), Chennai

ITA 2732/CHNY/2024[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai28 Apr 2025AY 2014-15

Bench: Shri Aby T Varkey, Hon'Ble & Shri S. R. Raghunatha, Hon'Bleआयकर अपीलसं./Ita Nos.: 2613 & 2732/Chny/2024 निर्धारणवर्ष / Assessment Years: 2013-14 & 2014-15 Cholamandalam Investment & Finance Company Limited, Chola Crest, C 54 & C 55, Super B-4, Thiru Vi Ka Industrial Estate, Guindy, Guindy Industrial Estate S.O., Chennai - 600 032. [Pan: Aaacc-1226-H] (अपीलार्थी/Appellant) & The Deputy Commissioner Of Income Tax, V. Corporate Circle -1(1), Chennai - 600 034. (प्रत्यर्थी/Respondent) आयकर अपीलसं./Ita Nos.: 2835, 2836 & 2820/Chny/2024 निर्धारणवर्ष / Assessment Years: 2014-15, 2014-15 & 2015-16 The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax, Corporate Circle -1(1), Chennai - 600 034 Cholamandalam Investment & Finance Company V. Limited, (अपीलार्थी/Appellant) Assessee By Department By Chola Crest, C 54 & C 55, Super B-4, Thiru Vi Ka Industrial Estate, Guindy, Guindy Industrial Estate S.O., Chennai - 600 032. [Pan: Aaacc-1226-H] (प्रत्यर्थी/Respondent) : Mr. Ajith Kumar Jain Ca & Mr. Kunal Shah, Ca & Ms. Aashna Dhila, Ca : Mr. R. Clement Ramesh Kumar, Cit & Ms. Anitha, Addl.Cit सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 12.02.2025 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 28.04.2025 :-2-:

Section 143(3)Section 250Section 43(5)

आयकर अपीलीय अधिकरण, 'सी'न्यायपीठ, चेन्नई IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL 'C' BENCH, CHENNAI श्रीएबीटीवर्की, न्यायिकसदस्यएवंश्रीएस.आर. रघुनाथा, लेखासदस्यकेसमक्ष

Cholamandalam Investment and Finance Company Limited, Chennai, Tamil Nadu vs. Deputy Commissioner of Income-Tax (DCIT), Chennai-1, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

ITA 2613/CHNY/2024[2013-2014]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai28 Apr 2025AY 2013-2014

Bench: Shri Aby T Varkey, Hon'Ble & Shri S. R. Raghunatha, Hon'Bleआयकर अपील सं./Ita Nos.: 2613 & 2732/Chny/2024 निर्धारण वर्ष / Assessment Years: 2013-14 & 2014-15 Cholamandalam Investment & Finance Company Limited, Chola Crest, C 54 & C 55, Super B-4, Thiru Vi Ka Industrial Estate, Guindy, Guindy Industrial Estate S.O., Chennai - 600 032. [Pan: Aaacc-1226-H] (अपीलार्थी/Appellant) & आयकर अपील सं./Ita Nos.: 2835, 2836 & 2820/Chny/2024 निर्धारण वर्ष / Assessment Years: 2014-15, 2014-15 & 2015-16 The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax, Corporate Circle -1(1), Chennai - 600 034 (अपीलार्थी/Appellant) The Deputy Commissioner Of Income Tax, V. Corporate Circle -1(1), Chennai - 600 034. (प्रत्यर्थी/Respondent) Cholamandalam Investment & Finance Company V. Limited, Chola Crest, C 54 & C 55, Super B-4, Thiru Vi Ka Industrial Estate, Guindy, Guindy Industrial Estate S.O., Chennai - 600 032. [Pan: Aaacc-1226-H] (प्रत्यर्थी/Respondent) Assessee By : Mr. Ajith Kumar Jain Ca & Mr. Kunal Shah, Ca & Ms. Aashna Dhila, Ca Department By : Mr. R. Clement Ramesh Kumar, Cit & Ms. Anitha, Addl.Cit सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 12.02.2025 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 28.04.2025 :-2-:

For Appellant: Mr. Ajith Kumar Jain CA & Mr. Kunal Shah, CAFor Respondent: Mr. R. Clement Ramesh Kumar, CIT &
Section 143(3)Section 250Section 43(5)

आयकर अपीलीय अधिकरण, 'सी' न्यायपीठ, चेन्नई IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL 'C' BENCH, CHENNAI श्रीएबीटीवर्की, न्यायिक सदस्य एवं श्री

Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, Circle-1, Bareilly vs. Ms Shree Bhawani Mills, Shahjahanpur

In the result, the appeal of the Department is partly allowed while the Cross

ITA 332/LKW/2023[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Lucknow25 Apr 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Sh. Sudhanshu Srivastava & Sh. Nikhil Choudharya.Y. 2017-18 Deputy Commissioner Of Income Vs. M/S Shree Bhawani Mills, Tax, Circle-1, Bareilly Gandhi Ganj, Shahjahanpur, U.P. Pan:Aadfs8573M (Appellant) (Respondent) & C.O. No.15/Lkw/2023 A.Y. 2017-18 M/S Shree Bhawani Mills, Gandhi Vs. Deputy Commissioner Of Ganj, Shahjahanpur, U.P. Income Tax, Circle-1, Bareilly Pan:Aadfs8573M (Appellant) (Respondent) Assessee By: Sh. P.K. Kapoor, C.A. Revenue By: Sh. Manu Chaurasia, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing: 12.03.2025 Date Of Pronouncement: 25.04.2025 O R D E R Per Nikhil Choudhary, A.M.: This Is An Appeal Filed By The Revenue Against The Order Of The Ld. Cit(A) Passed Under Section 250 Of The Income Tax Act On 7.09.2023 Allowing The Appeal Of The Assessee Against The Order Passed By The Ld. Ao On 30.03.2022 Under Section 147 R.W.S. 144 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961. The Grounds Of Appeal Are As Under:-

For Appellant: Sh. P.K. Kapoor, C.AFor Respondent: Sh. Manu Chaurasia, CIT DR
Section 144Section 147Section 151Section 250Section 46A

allowing the appeal of cross objector assessee, the Id. CIT(A) should also have held that the assessment proceedings commencing from recording of reason to believe and concluding with passing of order dated 30.03.2022 passed by NFAC u/s 147 r.w.s 144B of the Income Tax Act, 1961 were illegal ... held that the assessment proceedings u/s 147 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 were vide ab-initio owing to several infirmities in the reason to believe recorded by the Assessing Officer. 2 & CO No.15/LKW/2024 M/s Shree Bhawani Mills 3. BECAUSE the sanction u/s 151 of the Income

Karuppannan Kulandaivel, Karungaradu, Salem vs. Income Tax Officer - ITO Ward 1(8), Salem

In the result, appeal filed by the assessee is allowed for statistical purposes

ITA 371/CHNY/2025[2011-12]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai25 Apr 2025AY 2011-12

Bench: Shri Aby T Varkey, Hon’Ble & Shri S. R. Raghunatha, Hon’Bleआयकर अपील सं./Ita No.371/Chny/2025 ("नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2011-12) Vs Shri Karuppannan Kulandaivel, The Income Tax Officer, 2/4-898, Karungaradu, Ito Ward 1(8), Navapatty (Po), Mettur Taluk, Salem. Salem – 636 452. Pan : Anwpk 1060F (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) (""यथ"/Respondent) अपीलाथ" क" ओर से/Appellant By : Shri Srivatsan Ranganathan, Ca ""यथ" क" ओर से/Respondent By : Shri Keerthi Narayanan, Jcit सुनवाई क" तार"ख/Date Of Hearing : 23.04.2025 घोषणा क" तार"ख/Date Of Pronouncement : 25.04.2025 आदेश / O R D E R Per S R Raghunatha, Am: This Appeal By The Assessee Is Filed Against The Order Of The Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals), National Faceless Appeal Centre (Nfac), Delhi, Dated 26.12.2024 For The Assessment Year 2011-12. 2. The Brief Facts Of The Case Are That The Assessee Is An Individual & Has Not Filed His Return Of Income For The Assessment Year 2011- 12. As Per Information, The Assessee Has Transactions In His Savings

For Appellant: Shri Srivatsan Ranganathan, CAFor Respondent: Shri Keerthi Narayanan, JCIT
Section 144Section 148Section 69A

information, the assessee has transactions in his savings - 2 - ITA No.371/Chny/2025 bank account for more than Rs.10 lakhs. Therefore, the AO had reason to believe income chargeable to tax had escaped assessment and hence notice u/s.148 of the Act was issued. Though AO had issued several notices, the assessee remained

Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, Central Circle-1, Ludhiana vs. Lalit Kumar Prop. Lalit Co., Mis Babu Ram Hem Raj, Faridkot

Appeal stands dismissed

ITA 684/CHANDI/2024[2016-17]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh24 Apr 2025AY 2016-17

Bench: Hon’Ble Shri Rajpal Yadav & Hon’Ble Shri Manoj Kumar Aggarwal, Am 1. आयकरअपील सं./ Ita No.682/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2014-15) & 2. आयकरअपील सं./ Ita No.683/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2015-16) & 3. आयकर अपील सं./ Ita No.684/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2016-17) Dcit Central Circle-1 Shri Lalit Kumar Sco 1-6, 2Nd Floor, Opp. Bvm School बनाम/ (Prop. Lalit Co. & M/S Babu Ram Hem Raj) New Grain Market Kitchlu Nagar Vs. Faridkot - 151203 Ludhiana-141001. "थायीलेखासं./जीआइआरसं./Pan/Gir No. Adapk-3617-L (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) (""थ" / Respondent) : & 4. Co. No.25/Chandi/2024 (In Ita No. 682/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2014-15) & 5. Co. No.26/Chandi/2024 (In Ita No. 683/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2015-16) & 6. Co. No.27/Chandi/2024 (In Ita No. 684/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2016-17)

For Appellant: Shri Sudhir Sehgal (Advocate) – Ld. ARFor Respondent: Shri Rohit Sharma (CIT) & Shri Vivek Vardhan
Section 147Section 68

lakhs is not justified. 3. That the Ld. CIT(A) has erred in resorting to notice u/s 148 as there was no reason to believe for re-opening of the assessment and also that there was mechanical approval accorded by the higher authorities

Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, Central Circle-1, Ludhiana vs. Lalit Kumar, Prop. Lalit Co., Ms Babu Ram Hem Raj, Faridkot

Appeal stands dismissed

ITA 682/CHANDI/2024[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh24 Apr 2025AY 2014-15

Bench: Hon’Ble Shri Rajpal Yadav & Hon’Ble Shri Manoj Kumar Aggarwal, Am 1. आयकरअपील सं./ Ita No.682/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2014-15) & 2. आयकरअपील सं./ Ita No.683/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2015-16) & 3. आयकर अपील सं./ Ita No.684/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2016-17) Dcit Central Circle-1 Shri Lalit Kumar Sco 1-6, 2Nd Floor, Opp. Bvm School बनाम/ (Prop. Lalit Co. & M/S Babu Ram Hem Raj) New Grain Market Kitchlu Nagar Vs. Faridkot - 151203 Ludhiana-141001. "थायीलेखासं./जीआइआरसं./Pan/Gir No. Adapk-3617-L (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) (""थ" / Respondent) : & 4. Co. No.25/Chandi/2024 (In Ita No. 682/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2014-15) & 5. Co. No.26/Chandi/2024 (In Ita No. 683/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2015-16) & 6. Co. No.27/Chandi/2024 (In Ita No. 684/Chandi/2024 (िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2016-17)

For Appellant: Shri Sudhir Sehgal (Advocate) – Ld. ARFor Respondent: Shri Rohit Sharma (CIT) & Shri Vivek Vardhan
Section 147Section 68

lakhs is not justified. 3. That the Ld. CIT(A) has erred in resorting to notice u/s 148 as there was no reason to believe for re-opening of the assessment and also that there was mechanical approval accorded by the higher authorities