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“reason to believe”

ReassessmentSection 147Section 1474,202 judgments

The decision most relied on for reason to believe is CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. (320 ITR 561), cited in 1,673 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on reason to believe

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
320 ITR 561 · 2010 · Supreme Court
1,673
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot initiate reassessment proceedings under Section 147 of the Income Tax Act based on a mere change of opinion. Reassessment is permissible only when there is fresh tangible material leading to the belief of income escapement, not merely a review of existing facts.

CIT v. Durga Prasad More
82 ITR 540 · 1971 · Supreme Court
1,579
citing judgments

Tax authorities must judge evidence using the test of human probabilities and consider the apparent as real until there are reasons to believe it is not. They can rely on circumstantial evidence and the preponderance of probabilities to determine the genuineness of transactions.

ACIT v. Rajesh Jhaveri Stock Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
291 ITR 500 · 2007 · Supreme Court
1,030
citing judgments

For initiating reassessment proceedings under Section 147, the Assessing Officer needs only prima facie material providing a reason to believe that income has escaped assessment. Conclusive proof or the sufficiency/correctness of the material is not required at the stage of issuing the notice under Section 148.

Raymond Woollen Mills Ltd. v. ITO
236 ITR 34 · 1999 · Supreme Court
862
citing judgments

For reassessment proceedings under Section 148, the Assessing Officer only needs prima facie material to have a reason to believe income has escaped assessment. Conclusive proof or evaluation of the sufficiency and correctness of such material is not required at the stage of issuing the notice.

ITO v. Lakhmani Mewal Das
103 ITR 437 · 1976 · Supreme Court
721
citing judgments

For reassessment proceedings, the 'reason to believe' that income has escaped assessment must be based on some material and not mere suspicion, establishing a live link between the information and the belief. Furthermore, for reassessment beyond four years, there must be a specific finding of the assessee's failure to disclose fully and truly all material facts.

CIT v. Jet Airways (I) Ltd.
331 ITR 236 · 2011 · High Court
694
citing judgments

The Assessing Officer loses jurisdiction and the entire reassessment becomes invalid if no addition is made in respect of the income that formed the basis of the reopening. Explanation 3 to Section 147 does not permit assessing other escaped income unless an addition is made for the original income forming the reason to believe.

PCIT v. Meenakshi Overseas Pvt. Ltd.
395 ITR 677 · 2017 · High Court
471
citing judgments

Reassessment proceedings initiated solely based on an investigation wing/appraisal report, without the Assessing Officer's independent application of mind to form a 'reason to believe' that income has escaped assessment, are beyond jurisdiction, bad in law, and void ab initio.

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
256 ITR 1 · 2002 · High Court
439
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot reopen an assessment under Section 147 based on a mere change of opinion regarding the same material available during the original assessment. Reopening requires fresh, tangible material or information that leads to a reason to believe income has escaped assessment.

Judgments citing reason to believe

Sh. Ashok Kumar, Haridwar vs. ITO, Haridwar

In the result, the appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 107/DDN/2025[2015-16]Status: DisposedITAT Dehradun17 Sept 2025AY 2015-16

Bench: Shri Yogesh Kumar U.S. & Shri Manish Agarwalashok Kumar, Assessment Unit, 19, Sitapur Mazara, Jwalapur, Income Tax Haridwar, Uttarakhand-249407 Vs. Department. Pan-Btupk9604E (Appellant) (Respondent) Assessee By Shri Pankaj Goel, Adv. Department By Shri A. S. Rana, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing 08/09/2025 Date Of Pronouncement 17/09/2025 O R D E R Per Manish Agarwal, Am: This Appeal Is Filed By The Assessee Against The Order Of Learned Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals), National Faceless Appeal Centre (Nfac), Delhi (‘The Ld. Cit(A)’ For Short) In Appeal No. Nfac/2014-15/10271519 Dated 10.04.2025 For Assessment Year 2015-16. 2. Brief Facts Of The Case Are That The Assessee Is An Agriculturist Having No Any Other Source Of Income Than Agricultural Income. Since, The Income From Agricultural Operations Is Exempt From Tax, He Was Not Obliged To File The Return Of Income. The Assessing Officer Based On The Information That Assessee Has Deposited A Sum Of Rs.76,00,000/- In Zila Sahkari Bank Ltd., Initiated Reassessment Proceedings In The Case Of Assessee By Recording Reasons That Income To The Extent Of Rs.76,00,000/- Has Escaped Assessment In The Order Passed U/S 148A(D) Of The Act. Accordingly, Notices U/S 148 Was Issued On 26.03.2022. In Response To Which Assessee Filed Return Of Income On 12.04.2022 Ashok Kumar Vs. Ito Declaring Total Income Of Rs.10,00,000/- From Agriculture Activity & Claimed The Same As Exempt From Tax. The Assessing Officer Passed The Reassessment Order Wherein He Has Made The Additions On Account Of Agriculture Income Of Rs.10,00,000/- By Treating The Same As Income From Other Sources & Further Made Additions Of Rs.76,00,000/- Being Cash Deposited During Demonetization As Unexplained Money U/S 69A Of The Act. The Ao Further Made Additions Of Rs.2,67,195/- As Against Nil Income Declared Towards Bank Interest.

Section 147Section 148Section 148ASection 69A

service of notice to the assessee before the Assessing Officer proceeds to assess, reassess or recompute escaped income. Section 147 mandates recording of reasons to believe by the Assessing Officer that the income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment. All these conditions are required to be fulfilled to assess ... proceedings the Assessing Officer comes to conclusion that some items have escaped assessment, then notwithstanding that those items were not included in the reasons to believe as recorded for initiation of the proceedings and the notice, he would be competent to make assessment of those items. However, the legislature could

DCIT, Circle-14(2), New Delhi vs. Kohinoor Foods Ltd., Faridabad

In the result, the Revenue’s appeal as well as Assessee’s Appeal stand dismissed in the aforesaid manner

ITA 587/DEL/2020[2011-12]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi17 Sept 2025AY 2011-12

Bench: Shri Anubhav Sharma & Shri Krinwant Sahay, Accoutant Member Dcit, Circle-14(2), New Delhi Vs. M/S Kohinoor Foods Ltd. 10Th Floor, Pinnacle Room No. 323, C.R. Building, New Delhi – 2 Business Tower, Suraj Kund Road, Faridabad Haryana-121001 (Pan: Aaacs2470D) (Appellant) (Respondent) & M/S Kohinoor Foods Ltd. Vs. Acit, Circle 14(2), 10Th Floor, Pinnacle New Delhi Business Tower, Suraj Kund Road, Faridabad, Haryana-121001 (Pan: Aaacs2470D) (Appellant) (Respondent) Assessee By : S/Sh. Salil Kapoor, Utkarsha Kumar Gupta, Ms. Soumya Singh, Advocates Department By : Ms. Harpreet Kaur Hansra, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing 28.08.2025 Date Of Pronouncement 17.09.2025

For Appellant: S/Sh. Salil Kapoor, Utkarsha KumarFor Respondent: Ms. Harpreet Kaur Hansra, Sr. DR
Section 147Section 68Section 92C

payments made by assessee has been withdrawn in 4 cash by the seller party. This is also the allegation as mentioned in the reason to believe. Regarding argument of appellant that books of accounts are duly audited and no qualification has been made by Auditor nor rejected ... proceedings u/s 147/148 of the Act is void and the order is required to be annulled. On going through the details and the reason to believe, it is found that AO has received information regarding purchases made by appellant during the year under consideration, where based on the STR report

Kohinoor Foods Ltd., Faridabad vs. ACIT, Circle-14(2), New Delhi

In the result, the Revenue’s appeal as well as Assessee’s Appeal stand dismissed in the aforesaid manner

ITA 149/DEL/2020[2011-12]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi17 Sept 2025AY 2011-12

Bench: Shri Anubhav Sharma & Shri Krinwant Sahay, Accoutant Member Dcit, Circle-14(2), New Delhi Vs. M/S Kohinoor Foods Ltd. 10Th Floor, Pinnacle Room No. 323, C.R. Building, New Delhi – 2 Business Tower, Suraj Kund Road, Faridabad Haryana-121001 (Pan: Aaacs2470D) (Appellant) (Respondent) & M/S Kohinoor Foods Ltd. Vs. Acit, Circle 14(2), 10Th Floor, Pinnacle New Delhi Business Tower, Suraj Kund Road, Faridabad, Haryana-121001 (Pan: Aaacs2470D) (Appellant) (Respondent) Assessee By : S/Sh. Salil Kapoor, Utkarsha Kumar Gupta, Ms. Soumya Singh, Advocates Department By : Ms. Harpreet Kaur Hansra, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing 28.08.2025 Date Of Pronouncement 17.09.2025

For Appellant: S/Sh. Salil Kapoor, Utkarsha KumarFor Respondent: Ms. Harpreet Kaur Hansra, Sr. DR
Section 147Section 68Section 92C

payments made by assessee has been withdrawn in 4 cash by the seller party. This is also the allegation as mentioned in the reason to believe. Regarding argument of appellant that books of accounts are duly audited and no qualification has been made by Auditor nor rejected ... proceedings u/s 147/148 of the Act is void and the order is required to be annulled. On going through the details and the reason to believe, it is found that AO has received information regarding purchases made by appellant during the year under consideration, where based on the STR report

Quality Enabled Remote Solutions (P) Ltd., New Delhi vs. ITO, Ward-20(3), New Delhi

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee is allowed

ITA 4107/DEL/2018[2009-10]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi17 Sept 2025AY 2009-10

Bench: Shris.Rifaur Rahman & Shri Sudhir Pareekquality Enabled Remote Solutions (P) Ltd., Vs. Ito, Ward 20 (3), Ugf – 61A, World Trade Centre, New Delhi. Babur Road, Connaught Place, New Delhi – 110 001. (Pan :Aaacq0881A) (Appellant) (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri S. Krishnan, Advocate Shri Harshit Chauhan, Advocate Revenue By : Ms. Harpreet Kaur Hansra, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing : 09.07.2025 Date Of Order : 17.09.2025 O R D E R Per S.Rifaur Rahman,Am: 1. This Appeal Has Been Filed By The Assessee Against The Order Of Ld. Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals)-25, New Delhi [“Ld. Cit(A)”, For Short] Dated 16.08.2017 For The Assessment Year 2009-10 Raising Following Grounds Of Appeal :- “1. The Order Passed By Id. Cit(A) Is Wrong Both On Facts & In Law.

For Appellant: Shri S. Krishnan, AdvocateFor Respondent: Ms. Harpreet Kaur Hansra, Sr. DR
Section 147Section 148Section 234A

have any underlying or actual business transactions. With the above reasons recorded in the reasons, the Assessing Officer recorded and found reasons for believe in para 5 of the reasons recorded as per which, on perusal of various seized documents clearly show that the name of the assessee company appears ... closing stock of nil. It was also submitted that the reasons were recorded u/s 147 of the Act alleging that Assessing Officer has reasons to believe that the amount of at least Rs.3.4 crores has escaped assessment within the meaning of section 147. Further assessee submitted that the reasons

Shantadurga Multi Purpose Souharda Sahakari Niyamit, Belagavi vs. Income Tax Officer, Ward - 2, Belagavi

In the result, the two appeals filed by the assessee are allowed

ITA 204/PAN/2025[2016-17]Status: DisposedITAT Panaji15 Sept 2025AY 2016-17

Bench: Shri Pavan Kumar Gadalei T A. Nos. 203 &204/Pan/2025 (A.Y.2015-16 & A.Y.2016-17) Shantadurga Multi Purpose Vs National E – Souharda Sahakari Niyamit, Assessment Centre . Shop.No.13/14,Mangal Deep, Delhi-110001 Apartments Opp:Herwadkar, Belagavi-590006, Karnataka. Pan .No.Aahas7562F (अपीलार्थी/Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/Respondent) Assessee By Shri.Ramesh Mudhol.Ar Revenue By Smt. Manjula Thakur.Sr.Dr सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing 10.09.2025 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement 15.09.2025 Order Per Pavan Kumar Gadale, Jm: These Two Appeals Are Filed By The Assesse Against The Separate Orders Of National Faceless Appeal Centre (Nfac) Delhi / Cit(A) Passed U/Sec 250 Of The Act. The Assesse Has Raised The Grounds Of Appeal Challenging The Order Of The Nfac/ Cit(A) Sustaining The Denial Of Claim Of Deduction Under Section 80P Of The Act Applying The Provisions Of Section 80Ac Of The Act. 2. Since Issues Involved In These Appeals Are Common & Identical, Hence They Are Clubbed, Heard & A Consolidated Order Is Passed. For The Sake Of Convenience

Section 80Section 80ASection 80A(5)Section 80P

assesse has made cash deposits in the three bank accounts and the assesse has not filed the return of income. The A.O has reason to believe that the income has escaped assessment and issued notice u/sec148 and U/sec 142(1) of the Act . Further notice u/sec