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“reason to believe”

ReassessmentSection 147Section 1474,202 judgments

The decision most relied on for reason to believe is CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. (320 ITR 561), cited in 1,673 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on reason to believe

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
320 ITR 561 · 2010 · Supreme Court
1,673
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot initiate reassessment proceedings under Section 147 of the Income Tax Act based on a mere change of opinion. Reassessment is permissible only when there is fresh tangible material leading to the belief of income escapement, not merely a review of existing facts.

CIT v. Durga Prasad More
82 ITR 540 · 1971 · Supreme Court
1,579
citing judgments

Tax authorities must judge evidence using the test of human probabilities and consider the apparent as real until there are reasons to believe it is not. They can rely on circumstantial evidence and the preponderance of probabilities to determine the genuineness of transactions.

ACIT v. Rajesh Jhaveri Stock Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
291 ITR 500 · 2007 · Supreme Court
1,030
citing judgments

For initiating reassessment proceedings under Section 147, the Assessing Officer needs only prima facie material providing a reason to believe that income has escaped assessment. Conclusive proof or the sufficiency/correctness of the material is not required at the stage of issuing the notice under Section 148.

Raymond Woollen Mills Ltd. v. ITO
236 ITR 34 · 1999 · Supreme Court
862
citing judgments

For reassessment proceedings under Section 148, the Assessing Officer only needs prima facie material to have a reason to believe income has escaped assessment. Conclusive proof or evaluation of the sufficiency and correctness of such material is not required at the stage of issuing the notice.

ITO v. Lakhmani Mewal Das
103 ITR 437 · 1976 · Supreme Court
721
citing judgments

For reassessment proceedings, the 'reason to believe' that income has escaped assessment must be based on some material and not mere suspicion, establishing a live link between the information and the belief. Furthermore, for reassessment beyond four years, there must be a specific finding of the assessee's failure to disclose fully and truly all material facts.

CIT v. Jet Airways (I) Ltd.
331 ITR 236 · 2011 · High Court
694
citing judgments

The Assessing Officer loses jurisdiction and the entire reassessment becomes invalid if no addition is made in respect of the income that formed the basis of the reopening. Explanation 3 to Section 147 does not permit assessing other escaped income unless an addition is made for the original income forming the reason to believe.

PCIT v. Meenakshi Overseas Pvt. Ltd.
395 ITR 677 · 2017 · High Court
471
citing judgments

Reassessment proceedings initiated solely based on an investigation wing/appraisal report, without the Assessing Officer's independent application of mind to form a 'reason to believe' that income has escaped assessment, are beyond jurisdiction, bad in law, and void ab initio.

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.
256 ITR 1 · 2002 · High Court
439
citing judgments

An Assessing Officer cannot reopen an assessment under Section 147 based on a mere change of opinion regarding the same material available during the original assessment. Reopening requires fresh, tangible material or information that leads to a reason to believe income has escaped assessment.

Judgments citing reason to believe

M/S Gujarat Realtores, Mumbai vs. Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, Central Circle 1, Thane

In the result, the appeal for assessment year 2009

ITA 3525/MUM/2023[2013-14]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai30 May 2024AY 2013-14

Bench: Shri Om Prakash Kant () & Ms. Kavitha Rajagopal () Ita Nos. 3523 To 3525/Mum/2023 Assessment Years: 2009-10, 2012-13, 2013-14 M/S Gujarat Realtors, Dy. Cit Central Circle-1, Ground Floor, Samriddhi, Room No. 10, 6Th Floor, Ashar Annapurna Estate, Indralok, Vs. It Park, Wagle Industrial Godhbunder Link Road, Thane, Estate, Thane (W)-400604. Bhayander, 401105. Pan No. Aahfg 0051 C Appellant Respondent Assessee By : Mr. Anuj Kisnadwala Revenue By : Mr. Manoj Kumar Singh, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing : 16/04/2024 : Date Of Pronouncement 30/05/2024

For Appellant: Mr. Anuj KisnadwalaFor Respondent: Mr. Manoj Kumar Singh, Sr. DR
Section 143(3)Section 147Section 148Section 153CSection 234BSection 36Section 68

Investigation Wing that assessee had obtained accommodation en that assessee had obtained accommodation entries and accordingly tries and accordingly he recorded the reason to believe he recorded the reason to believe that income escaped assessment income escaped assessment and he issued notice u/s 148 of the Act and he issued ... Finance Act, 2021 envisaged that if the assessing offcer has 01.04.2021 by Finance Act, 2021 envisaged that if the assessing offcer has reason to believe in any assessment year, he may subjec reason to believe in any assessment year, he may subject to provisions of t to provisions of Section

M/S Gujarat Realtores, Mumbai Suburban vs. Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax -Central Circle 1, Thane

In the result, the appeal for assessment year 2009

ITA 3524/MUM/2023[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai30 May 2024AY 2012-13

Bench: Shri Om Prakash Kant () & Ms. Kavitha Rajagopal () Ita Nos. 3523 To 3525/Mum/2023 Assessment Years: 2009-10, 2012-13, 2013-14 M/S Gujarat Realtors, Dy. Cit Central Circle-1, Ground Floor, Samriddhi, Room No. 10, 6Th Floor, Ashar Annapurna Estate, Indralok, Vs. It Park, Wagle Industrial Godhbunder Link Road, Thane, Estate, Thane (W)-400604. Bhayander, 401105. Pan No. Aahfg 0051 C Appellant Respondent Assessee By : Mr. Anuj Kisnadwala Revenue By : Mr. Manoj Kumar Singh, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing : 16/04/2024 : Date Of Pronouncement 30/05/2024

For Appellant: Mr. Anuj KisnadwalaFor Respondent: Mr. Manoj Kumar Singh, Sr. DR
Section 143(3)Section 147Section 148Section 153CSection 234BSection 36Section 68

Investigation Wing that assessee had obtained accommodation en that assessee had obtained accommodation entries and accordingly tries and accordingly he recorded the reason to believe he recorded the reason to believe that income escaped assessment income escaped assessment and he issued notice u/s 148 of the Act and he issued ... Finance Act, 2021 envisaged that if the assessing offcer has 01.04.2021 by Finance Act, 2021 envisaged that if the assessing offcer has reason to believe in any assessment year, he may subjec reason to believe in any assessment year, he may subject to provisions of t to provisions of Section

M/S. Gujarat Realtors (Firm), Bhayander vs. DCIT, CC-1, Thane

In the result, the appeal for assessment year 2009

ITA 3523/MUM/2023[2009-10]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai30 May 2024AY 2009-10

Bench: Shri Om Prakash Kant () & Ms. Kavitha Rajagopal () Ita Nos. 3523 To 3525/Mum/2023 Assessment Years: 2009-10, 2012-13, 2013-14 M/S Gujarat Realtors, Dy. Cit Central Circle-1, Ground Floor, Samriddhi, Room No. 10, 6Th Floor, Ashar Annapurna Estate, Indralok, Vs. It Park, Wagle Industrial Godhbunder Link Road, Thane, Estate, Thane (W)-400604. Bhayander, 401105. Pan No. Aahfg 0051 C Appellant Respondent Assessee By : Mr. Anuj Kisnadwala Revenue By : Mr. Manoj Kumar Singh, Sr. Dr Date Of Hearing : 16/04/2024 : Date Of Pronouncement 30/05/2024

For Appellant: Mr. Anuj KisnadwalaFor Respondent: Mr. Manoj Kumar Singh, Sr. DR
Section 143(3)Section 147Section 148Section 153CSection 234BSection 36Section 68

Investigation Wing that assessee had obtained accommodation en that assessee had obtained accommodation entries and accordingly tries and accordingly he recorded the reason to believe he recorded the reason to believe that income escaped assessment income escaped assessment and he issued notice u/s 148 of the Act and he issued ... Finance Act, 2021 envisaged that if the assessing offcer has 01.04.2021 by Finance Act, 2021 envisaged that if the assessing offcer has reason to believe in any assessment year, he may subjec reason to believe in any assessment year, he may subject to provisions of t to provisions of Section

Speedking Courier Services Pvt Ltd, Mumbai vs. Income Tax Officer-4(3)(3), Mumbai

In the result, the appeal is allowed

ITA 4677/MUM/2023[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai29 May 2024AY 2012-13

Bench: Shri Amit Shukla & Shri Ratnesh Nandan Sahayassessment Year: 2012-13 Speedking Courier Income Tax Officer- Services Pvt. Ltd. 4(3)(3), 25/27, Old Hanuman Galli, Room No. 648, Vs. 1St Cross Lane, 6Th Floor, Kalbadevi, Aayakar Bhavan, Mumbai- 400 002. Maharshi Karve Marg, Mumbai- 400 020 Pan: Aaics3715M (Appellant) (Respondent) Present For: Assessee By : Shri K. Gopal, A.R. Revenue By : Shri P. D. Chougule (Addl. Cit) Sr., D.R. Date Of Hearing : 16 . 05 . 2024 Date Of Pronouncement : 29 . 05 . 2024 O R D E R Per : Ratnesh Nandan Sahay: 1. The Appellant Has Filed This Appeal Against The Order Of The Ld. Income Tax Officer- 4(3)(3) Mumbai By Raising Following Grounds Of Appeal: “The Addition Of Rs.1,53,00,000/- Made Under Section 68 Of The Act Is Not Justified. 1. The Ld Cit(A) Is Erred In Confirming The Addition Of Rs. 1,53,00,000/- Made By The Ld. A.O. Under Section 68 Of The Act Without Appreciating That The Basic Condition To Invoke The Provisions Of Section 68 Are Not Satisfied In The Present Case. Hence, The Addition Made Under Section 68 Of The Act Is Not In Accordance With The Law & The Same May Be Deleted.

For Appellant: Shri K. Gopal, A.RFor Respondent: Shri P. D. Chougule (Addl. CIT) Sr., D.R
Section 142(1)Section 143Section 143(2)Section 147Section 148Section 151(1)Section 234BSection 68

relevant assessment year as per the first proviso to section 147 of the Act. The reopening has been done without having any reason to believe based on any tangible material that the income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment. Thus, the notice issued under section