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“unexplained money”

Cash Credits & Unexplained ItemsSection 69ASection 69A5,888 judgments

The decision most relied on for unexplained money is (Central)-1 v. NRA Iron & Steel (P) Ltd. (103 Taxmann.com 48), cited in 696 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on unexplained money

(Central)-1 v. NRA Iron & Steel (P) Ltd.
103 Taxmann.com 48 · 2019 · Supreme Court
696
citing judgments

When assessing cash credits, share capital, or loans, the assessee bears the onus to prove the identity, creditworthiness, and genuineness of transactions. This burden is not discharged merely by documentary evidence if field inquiries reveal accommodation entries or dealings with paper/shell companies.

Commissioner of Income Tax v. Nova Promoters and Finlease (P) Ltd.
342 ITR 169 · 2012 · High Court
658
citing judgments

To make an addition under Section 68 for unexplained cash credits, the Assessing Officer must conduct proper inquiry into the identity, genuineness, and creditworthiness of the creditor, especially concerning share application money. The assessee's initial discharge of burden by providing necessary details shifts the onus back to the AO for further investigation, including the source of source.

Kale Khan Mohammad Hanif v. CIT
50 ITR 1 · 1963 · Supreme Court
581
citing judgments

The assessee bears the onus of proving the source and nature of any sum of money or receipt found to have been received by them. If the assessee fails to satisfactorily explain the receipt, the Income-tax Officer is entitled to treat it as taxable income.

Lalchand Bhagat Ambica Ram v. CIT
37 ITR 288 · 1959 · Supreme Court
570
citing judgments

Where an assessee maintains regular books of account, and these books are not rejected or found defective by the Assessing Officer, any cash deposits or available cash shown in the cash book, if sufficient to cover the transaction, cannot be treated as unexplained income or an addition under sections 68 or 69A.

CIT v. Daulat Ram Rawatmull
87 ITR 349 · 1973 · Supreme Court
525
citing judgments

The onus to prove that an apparent transaction or explanation is not real lies with the person who claims it to be so. If an assessee provides a plausible explanation for a transaction, the revenue must establish that the apparent transaction is not genuine.

Roshan Di Hatti v. CIT
107 ITR 938 · 1977 · Supreme Court
477
citing judgments

An assessee bears the onus to prove the identity, creditworthiness, and genuineness of any cash credit or transaction. If the assessee fails to discharge this burden with cogent evidence and explanation, the Assessing Officer is justified in making additions to their income, and no further burden lies on the revenue.

CIT v. Precision Finance Pvt. Ltd.
208 ITR 465 · 1994 · High Court
427
citing judgments

When an assessee seeks to explain a cash credit under Section 68, they must prove the identity of the creditors, their creditworthiness or capacity to advance money, and the genuineness of the transactions. The burden of proof is not discharged merely by filing confirmatory letters or demonstrating banking channel transactions.

Chuharmal v. CIT
172 ITR 250 · 1988 · Supreme Court
340
citing judgments

The expression 'income' under Section 69A of the Income-tax Act, 1961, has a wide meaning, encompassing anything that comes in or results in gain. Therefore, an assessee's unexplained investments, such as purchasing articles or depositing cash, can legitimately be inferred and deemed as income under this section.

Judgments citing unexplained money

Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax Central Circle3-(4), Hyderabad vs. Aarthik Greentech Solutions Private Limited, Hyderabad

In the result, appeal filed by the Revenue is dismissed

ITA 32/HYD/2021[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad21 Feb 2025AY 2014-15

Bench: Shri Manjunatha G. & Shri K.Narasimha Charyआ.अपी.सं /Ita No.32/Hyd/2021 (निर्धारण वर्ा/Assessment Year: 2014-15) Asst.Commissioner Of Vs. Aarthik Greentech Income Tax Solutions Pvt.Ltd. Central Circle-3(4) Hyderabad Hyderabad [Pan : Aalca6887D] आ.अपी.सं /Ita No.33/Hyd/2021 (निर्धारण वर्ा/Assessment Year: 2014-15) Asst.Commissioner Of Vs. Aarthik Infra Projects Income Tax Pvt.Ltd. Central Circle-3(4) Hyderabad Hyderabad [Pan : Aahca0719N] (Appellant) (Respondent) निर्धाररती द्वधरध/Assessee By: Shri P.Murali Mohan Rao,Ar रधजस् व द्वधरध/Revenue By: Ms.M.Narmada, Cit-Dr सुिवधई की तधरीख/Date Of Hearing: 19/12/2024 घोर्णध की तधरीख/Date Of 21/02/2025 Pronouncement: आदेश / Order Per. Manjunatha G., A.M: These Appeals Filed By The Revenue Are Directed Against Order Dated 11.09.2020 Of The Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals) [“Ld.Cit(A)”]-11, Hyderabad Pertaining To A.Y.2014-15. Since, Facts Are Identical & Issues Are Common, For The Sake Of Aarthik Greentech Solutions Pvt. Ltd. & Aarthik Infra Projects Pvt.Ltd.

For Appellant: Shri P.Murali Mohan Rao,ARFor Respondent: Ms.M.Narmada, CIT-DR
Section 132Section 143(1)Section 153C

proper banking channel, the Ld.CIT(A) observed that the Assessing Officer is erred in making additions towards investment u/s 68 of the Act, as unexplained money and therefore, deleted the additions made by the Assessing Officer. Relevant findings of the Ld.CIT(A) are as under : Aarthik Greentech Solutions

Mrs. Jayashree Subhash Dudhal, Mumbai vs. ITO 27(1)(5), Mumbai

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee is allowed for statistical purpose

ITA 6785/MUM/2024[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Mumbai21 Feb 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Ms. Kavitha Rajagopal, Jm & Shri. Omkareshwar Chidara, Am Mrs. Jayashree Subhash Dudhal Ito 27(1)(5) 410, 4Th Floor, Tower 6, Vashi, 1801/A, Rayan Park, Bhiwandi Link Vs. Road, Govandi, Mumbai – 400043. Mumbai – 400703. Pan/Gir No. Asppd9987Q (Assessee) : (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri. Gautam Ravaria Respondent By : Shri. P. D. Chougule Sr. Dr. Date Of Hearing : 19.02.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 21.02.2025 O R D E R Per Kavitha Rajagopal, J M: This Appeal Has Been Filed By The Assessee, Challenging The Order Of The Learned Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals) Delhi (‘Ld. Cit(A)’ For Short), National Faceless Appeal Centre (‘Nfac’ For Short) Passed U/S.250 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 (‘The Act'), Pertaining To The Assessment Year (‘A.Y.’ For Short) 2017-18. 2. The Assessee Has Challenged This Appeal On The Following Grounds Of Appeal: - “1. On Given Facts, Hon. Cit (Appeals) Erred In Mentioning The Incorrect Assessment Year While Passing The Order. The Appeal Was Filed For Assessment Year (Ay) 2017-18, But The Order Incorrectly States The Assessment Year As Ay 2022-23. 2. On Given Facts, The Assessing Officer Considered My Business Deposits Into My Current & Savings Accounts As Deposits Of Undisclosed Income, Rather Than Recognizing Them As Business Receipts. However, If You Kindly Review My Bank Statements For The Entire Year Or For A Longer Period, You Will See That It Is A Common Practice For Me To Deposit Cash Receipts From Sales.” Mrs. Jayashree Subhash Dudhal

For Appellant: Shri. Gautam RavariaFor Respondent: Shri. P. D. Chougule SR. DR
Section 142(1)Section 147Section 148Section 250Section 69A

where the nature and source of above cash deposit remained unexplained. Therefore, the entire cash deposit of Rs. 12,19,020/- was treated as unexplained money u/s. 69A of the Act. It is observed that the assessee has been non-compliant during the assessment proceeding and the ld. AO passed ... where the ld. AO determined the total income at Rs. 18,24,770/- after making addition of Rs. 12,19,020/- u/s. 69A as unexplained money. 4. Aggrieved the assessee was in appeal before the first appellate authority, who vide an ex parte order dated 09.10.2024 upheld the addition made