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“unexplained money”

Cash Credits & Unexplained ItemsSection 69ASection 69A5,888 judgments

The decision most relied on for unexplained money is (Central)-1 v. NRA Iron & Steel (P) Ltd. (103 Taxmann.com 48), cited in 696 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on unexplained money

(Central)-1 v. NRA Iron & Steel (P) Ltd.
103 Taxmann.com 48 · 2019 · Supreme Court
696
citing judgments

When assessing cash credits, share capital, or loans, the assessee bears the onus to prove the identity, creditworthiness, and genuineness of transactions. This burden is not discharged merely by documentary evidence if field inquiries reveal accommodation entries or dealings with paper/shell companies.

Commissioner of Income Tax v. Nova Promoters and Finlease (P) Ltd.
342 ITR 169 · 2012 · High Court
658
citing judgments

To make an addition under Section 68 for unexplained cash credits, the Assessing Officer must conduct proper inquiry into the identity, genuineness, and creditworthiness of the creditor, especially concerning share application money. The assessee's initial discharge of burden by providing necessary details shifts the onus back to the AO for further investigation, including the source of source.

Kale Khan Mohammad Hanif v. CIT
50 ITR 1 · 1963 · Supreme Court
581
citing judgments

The assessee bears the onus of proving the source and nature of any sum of money or receipt found to have been received by them. If the assessee fails to satisfactorily explain the receipt, the Income-tax Officer is entitled to treat it as taxable income.

Lalchand Bhagat Ambica Ram v. CIT
37 ITR 288 · 1959 · Supreme Court
570
citing judgments

Where an assessee maintains regular books of account, and these books are not rejected or found defective by the Assessing Officer, any cash deposits or available cash shown in the cash book, if sufficient to cover the transaction, cannot be treated as unexplained income or an addition under sections 68 or 69A.

CIT v. Daulat Ram Rawatmull
87 ITR 349 · 1973 · Supreme Court
525
citing judgments

The onus to prove that an apparent transaction or explanation is not real lies with the person who claims it to be so. If an assessee provides a plausible explanation for a transaction, the revenue must establish that the apparent transaction is not genuine.

Roshan Di Hatti v. CIT
107 ITR 938 · 1977 · Supreme Court
477
citing judgments

An assessee bears the onus to prove the identity, creditworthiness, and genuineness of any cash credit or transaction. If the assessee fails to discharge this burden with cogent evidence and explanation, the Assessing Officer is justified in making additions to their income, and no further burden lies on the revenue.

CIT v. Precision Finance Pvt. Ltd.
208 ITR 465 · 1994 · High Court
427
citing judgments

When an assessee seeks to explain a cash credit under Section 68, they must prove the identity of the creditors, their creditworthiness or capacity to advance money, and the genuineness of the transactions. The burden of proof is not discharged merely by filing confirmatory letters or demonstrating banking channel transactions.

Chuharmal v. CIT
172 ITR 250 · 1988 · Supreme Court
340
citing judgments

The expression 'income' under Section 69A of the Income-tax Act, 1961, has a wide meaning, encompassing anything that comes in or results in gain. Therefore, an assessee's unexplained investments, such as purchasing articles or depositing cash, can legitimately be inferred and deemed as income under this section.

Judgments citing unexplained money

Mallur Kaligounder Muthamil, Salem vs. ACIT Circle 1, Hosur

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee is allowed

ITA 713/CHNY/2025[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai10 Jul 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Manu Kumar Giri & Shri S. R. Raghunathaआयकर अपील सं./Ita No.:713/Chny/2025 िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2017-18 Mallur Kaligounder Muthamil, The Assistant Commissioner Of D.No.106, Trichy Main Road, Vs. Income Tax, Mallur Post, Circle -1, Hosur. Salem – 636 203. [Pan:Cowpm-3525-G] (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) (""थ"/Respondent) अपीलाथ" की ओर से/Appellant By : Shri. S.Sridhar, Advocate (Erode) (Virtual) ""थ" की ओर से/Respondent By : Ms. Gouthami Manivasagam, J.C.I.T. सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 02.06.2025 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 10.07.2025 आदेश /O R D E R

For Appellant: Shri. S.Sridhar, Advocate (Erode) (Virtual)For Respondent: Ms. Gouthami Manivasagam, J.C.I.T
Section 143(3)Section 69A

agricultural commodities and cash balance as on 08.11.2016. However, the AO was not convinced and made an addition of Rs.10,39,500/- as unexplained money u/s.69A of the Act stating that the assessee was prohibited to transact in SBN as per the demonetisation notification w.e.f. 09.11.2016 and passed an order ... that both the AO has erred in treating the cash deposit made in SBN by the customers of assessee to its bank account as unexplained money inspite of furnishing the complete details for source of cash deposited in SBN without rejecting the books of accounts. Hence prayed for setting aside

Kandasamy Rajendran, Salem vs. ITO Ward 1(1), Salem

In the result the appeal of the assessee is partly allowed

ITA 712/CHNY/2025[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai10 Jul 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Manu Kumar Giri & Shri S.R.Raghunathaआयकर अपील सं./Ita No.:712/Chny/2025 िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2017-18 Kandasamy Rajendran, Ito, 80-H6 Behind S.P.Bungalow, Vs. Ward 1 (1), Kambar Street, Salem. Hasthampatty, Salem – 636 007. [Pan:Ahhpr-9653-E] (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) (""थ"/Respondent) अपीलाथ" की ओर से/Appellant By : Shri. S.Sridhar, Advocate (Erode) (Virtual) ""थ" की ओर से/Respondent By : Ms. Goutami Manivasagam, J.C.I.T. सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 02.06.2025 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 10.07.2025 आदेश /O R D E R

For Appellant: Shri. S.Sridhar, Advocate (Erode) (Virtual)For Respondent: Ms. Goutami Manivasagam, J.C.I.T
Section 143(3)Section 69A

ld.CIT(A) have erred in making addition of Rs.9,50,000/- of cash deposit made in SBNs during the demonetisation period as unexplained money u/s.69A of the Act. 4. The brief facts of the case are that the assessee is an individual retired from government service on 30.06.2013 filed ... year and the balance available of Rs.42.00 Lakhs on 08.11.2016 and hence made an addition of Rs.9.50 lakhs out of Rs.10.98 lakhs deposited as unexplained money u/s.69A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (hereinafter referred to as “the Act”) and concluded the assessment by passing an order u/s.143

Maneesh Joshi, Jaipur vs. ITO Ward, Dausa

In the result, the appeal of the assessee is allowed for statistical purposes

ITA 613/JPR/2025[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Jaipur09 Jul 2025AY 2018-19

Bench: DR. S. SEETHALAKSHMI (Judicial Member), SHRI RATHOD KAMLESH JAYANTBHAI, AM Shri Maneesh Joshi आयकरअपीलसं. / ITA. No. 613/JPR/2025 निर्धारणवर्ष / AssessmentYears : 2018-19 बनाम | The ITO, Vs. Ward-Dausa Dausa Ward No. 24, Jageer (Rural) Bandikui, Baswa Road, Bandikui, Tehsil: Baswa, Dausa-303 313 स्थायीलेखा सं. / जीआईआरसं./PAN/GIR No.: AGFPJ 8810N अपीलार्थी / Appellant प्रत्यर्थी / Respondent निर्धारिती की ओरसे / Assesseeby : Shri R.S. Poonia, CA राजस्व की ओरसे / Revenue by : Shri Rajesh Ojh

For Appellant: Shri R.S. Poonia, CAFor Respondent: Shri Rajesh Ojha, CIT -DR a
Section 115BSection 147Section 148Section 271ASection 68Section 69ASection 69C

JOSHI VS ITO, WARD -DAUSA confirming the addition u/s. 69A of the I.T. Act 1961 amounting to Rs. 22,83,000/- on account of unexplained money, Kindly delete the addition. 2. That on the facts and in the circumstances of the case the Ld. CIT (Appeals), NFAC is wrong, unjust ... assessee by observing as under:- ‘’i) The Cash deposit made totaling Rs. 22,83,000 during the FY. 2017-18 is determined as Unexplained money u/s 69A of the IT. Act, 1961. The tax is being charged u/s 115BBE of the I.T.Act, 1961. The Penalty u/s 271AAC

Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, Madurai vs. Subbiah Nadar Jegatheesan, Tirunelveli

In the result, appeal filed by the Revenue stands dismissed

ITA 603/CHNY/2025[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai09 Jul 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri George George K & Shri S.R. Raghunathaआयकर अपील सं./Ita No.:603/Chny/2025 िनधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year: 2017-18 Deputy Commissioner Of Income Subbiah Nadar Jegatheesan, Tax, Vs. 3, Ml Theri Road, Keeraikaranthattu, Central Circle -2, Mahadevankulam, Madurai. Tirunelveli – 627 657. [Pan:Abxpj-7672-F] (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) (""थ"/Respondent) अपीलाथ" की ओर से/Appellant By : Ms. E. Pavuna Sundari, C.I.T. ""थ" की ओर से/Respondent By : Shri. R. Venkata Raman, C.A. सुनवाई की तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 03.06.2025 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 09.07.2025

For Appellant: Ms. E. Pavuna Sundari, C.I.TFor Respondent: Shri. R. Venkata Raman, C.A
Section 132Section 142(1)Section 143(2)Section 153ASection 153A(1)Section 68Section 69A

claim made in the return of Income. 2. The Ld. CIT (A) erred in deleting the addition of Rs.4,75,43,171/- made as unexplained money u/s 69A of the Act by observing that “…since nothing in the form of any money, bullion, jewellery or valuable article were found during ... course of search, there can be no case to treat the evidence found about the deposit made will fetch the character of unexplained money as provided under section 69A of the Act when section 69A clearly reads, “Where in any financial year the assessee is found to be the owner

Chadha Motors, Kurukshetra vs. ITO, Kurukshetra

In the result, the appeal is allowed for statistical purposes

ITA 1145/CHANDI/2024[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh08 Jul 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Laliet Kumar & Shri Krinwant Sahayआयकर अपील सं./ Ita No. 1145/Chd/2024 "नधा"रण वष" / Assessment Year : 2017-18 Chadha Motors, The Ito, बनाम Ladwa, Kurukshetra Kurukshetra 136135 Vs. "थायी लेखा सं./ Pan No: Aaifc0237B अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent ( Hybrid Mode ) "नधा"रती क" ओर से/Assessee By : Sh. Ankush Sharma, Advocate (Virtual), राज"व क" ओर से/ Revenue By : Shri Vivek Vardhan, Addl. Cit, Sr. Dr For Dr.Ranjit Kaur, Addl., Sr.Dr सुनवाई क" तार"ख/Date Of Hearing : 07.07.2025 उदघोषणा क" तार"ख/Date Of Pronouncement : 08.07.2025 आदेश/Order Per Krinwant Sahay, Am : Appeal In This Case Has Been Filed By The Assessee Against The Order Dated 01.10.2024 Passed By The Ld. Cit(A), National Faceless Appeal Centre (Nfac), Delhi For The Assessment Year 2017-18. 2. Grounds Of Appeal Are As Under:

For Appellant: Sh. Ankush Sharma, Advocate (Virtual)For Respondent: Shri Vivek Vardhan, Addl. CIT, Sr. DR for Dr.Ranjit Kaur, Addl., Sr.DR
Section 139(1)Section 142(1)Section 144Section 147Section 250Section 69A

making an addition of Rs. 78,33,600/- u/s 69A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 by treating the cash deposits & bank interest as unexplained money. 4. That the Appellant craves leave to amend, alter, add or delete all or any of the above grounds of appeals. 3. The brief