Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India

4 SCC 379Reported decision1980#1839 most cited

What is Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India authority for?

Even a purely administrative order that entails civil consequences must adhere to the principles of natural justice, particularly the rule of audi alteram partem, ensuring a fair hearing. The concept of 'civil consequences' broadly encompasses any impact on a citizen's civil life, beyond just property or personal rights.

62

judgments rely on this decision, according to BharatTax’s citation analysis of 292,668 Indian tax judgments — from 2008 to 2026.

Also referred to as

Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India · 4 SCC 379 · natural justice · audi alteram partem · civil consequences · administrative orders · Section 142(2A) Income Tax Act · fair hearing · Section 143(3) · Section 147 · Section 148

Issues it is cited on

Judgments citing Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India

SWATY MEHTA,DELHI vs. ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CENTRAL CIRCLE-17, DELHI

In the result, the appeals of the assessees are partly allowed as

ITA 2551/DEL/2023[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi27 Oct 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Challa Nagendra Prasad & Shri M Balaganeshआ.अ.सं/.I.T.A No.2549/Del/2023 िनधा"रणवष"/Assessment Year:2017-18 बनाम Sonia Mehta Acit, 97, Eastern Avenue, Sainik Farms, Vs. E-2, Central Circle-17, Delhi. Ara Centre, Pan No.Acapm1777A Jhandewalan Extn., New Delhi. अपीलाथ" Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent & आ.अ.सं/.I.T.A No.2551/Del/2023 िनधा"रणवष"/Assessment Year:2017-18 बनाम Swaty Mehta Acit, 97, Eastern Avenue, Sainik Farms, Vs. E-2, Central Circle-17, Delhi. Ara Centre, Pan No.Acapm1777A Jhandewalan Extn., New Delhi. अपीलाथ" Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent

Section 153D

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see :Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression “civil consequences” encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non- pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an orde…

SONIA MEHTA,DELHI vs. ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CENTRAL CIRCLE-17, DELHI

In the result, the appeals of the assessees are partly allowed as

ITA 2549/DEL/2023[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi27 Oct 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Challa Nagendra Prasad & Shri M Balaganeshआ.अ.सं/.I.T.A No.2549/Del/2023 िनधा"रणवष"/Assessment Year:2017-18 बनाम Sonia Mehta Acit, 97, Eastern Avenue, Sainik Farms, Vs. E-2, Central Circle-17, Delhi. Ara Centre, Pan No.Acapm1777A Jhandewalan Extn., New Delhi. अपीलाथ" Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent & आ.अ.सं/.I.T.A No.2551/Del/2023 िनधा"रणवष"/Assessment Year:2017-18 बनाम Swaty Mehta Acit, 97, Eastern Avenue, Sainik Farms, Vs. E-2, Central Circle-17, Delhi. Ara Centre, Pan No.Acapm1777A Jhandewalan Extn., New Delhi. अपीलाथ" Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent

Section 153D

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see :Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression “civil consequences” encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non- pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an orde…

DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CENTRAL CIRCLE-1, LUDHIANA, LUDHIANA vs. AMAN FEED INDUSTRIES, KHANNA

In the result, appeals of the assessee for A

ITA 457/CHANDI/2025[2019-20]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh16 Oct 2025AY 2019-20

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Krinwant Sahayआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 1252, 1253,1254,1255/Chd/2024 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2015-16, 2017-18, 2018-19,2019-20 M/S Aman Feed Industries, The Dcit, E-2, Focal Point, Vs Central Circle-1, Khanna. Ludhiana. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aacfa3624L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 116,181,457/Chd/2025 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 The Dcit, Vs M/S Aman Feed Industries, Central Circle-1, E-2, Focal Point, Ludhiana. Khanna. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aacfa3624L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent Assessee By : Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal & Ms, Deepali Aggarwal, Cas Revenue By : Shri Manav Bansal, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 28.07.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 16.10.2025

For Appellant: Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal &For Respondent: Shri Manav Bansal, CIT DR
Section 145(3)Section 153ASection 153DSection 250Section 68

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression "civil consequences" encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non-pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an order…

DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CENTRAL CIRCLE-1, LUDHIANA, LUDHIANA vs. M/S AFI AGRO PVT. LTD., KHANNA

In the result, all the appeals of the assessee are allowed and all the appeals of the Revenue are dismissed

ITA 373/CHANDI/2025[2019-20]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh16 Oct 2025AY 2019-20

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Krinwant Sahayआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 1256, 1257,1258/Chd/2024 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 Afi Agro Private Limited, The Dcit, A-1, Focal Point, Vs Central Circle-1, Khanna. Ludhiana. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 179,180,373/Chd/2025 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 The Dcit, Vs Afi Agro Private Limited, Central Circle-1, A-1, Focal Point, Ludhiana. Khanna. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent Assessee By : Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal & Ms. Deepali Aggarwal, Cas Revenue By : Shri Manav Bansal, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 28.07.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 16.10.2025 Physical Hearing O R D E R Per Raj Pal Yadav, Vp

For Appellant: Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal &For Respondent: Shri Manav Bansal, CIT DR
Section 132Section 139(1)Section 139(4)Section 143(2)Section 153ASection 153D

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression "civil consequences" encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non-pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an order…

DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CENTRAL CIRCLE-1 , LUDHIANA vs. AMAN FEED INDUSTRIES, KHANNA

In the result, appeals of the assessee for A

ITA 181/CHANDI/2025[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh16 Oct 2025AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Krinwant Sahayआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 1252, 1253,1254,1255/Chd/2024 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2015-16, 2017-18, 2018-19,2019-20 M/S Aman Feed Industries, The Dcit, E-2, Focal Point, Vs Central Circle-1, Khanna. Ludhiana. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aacfa3624L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 116,181,457/Chd/2025 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 The Dcit, Vs M/S Aman Feed Industries, Central Circle-1, E-2, Focal Point, Ludhiana. Khanna. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aacfa3624L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent Assessee By : Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal & Ms, Deepali Aggarwal, Cas Revenue By : Shri Manav Bansal, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 28.07.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 16.10.2025

For Appellant: Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal &For Respondent: Shri Manav Bansal, CIT DR
Section 145(3)Section 153ASection 153DSection 250Section 68

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression "civil consequences" encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non-pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an order…

DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CENTRAL CIRCLE-1, LUDHIANA vs. AFI AGRO PVT. LTD., KHANNA

In the result, all the appeals of the assessee are allowed and all the appeals of the Revenue are dismissed

ITA 180/CHANDI/2025[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh16 Oct 2025AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Krinwant Sahayआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 1256, 1257,1258/Chd/2024 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 Afi Agro Private Limited, The Dcit, A-1, Focal Point, Vs Central Circle-1, Khanna. Ludhiana. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 179,180,373/Chd/2025 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 The Dcit, Vs Afi Agro Private Limited, Central Circle-1, A-1, Focal Point, Ludhiana. Khanna. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent Assessee By : Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal & Ms. Deepali Aggarwal, Cas Revenue By : Shri Manav Bansal, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 28.07.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 16.10.2025 Physical Hearing O R D E R Per Raj Pal Yadav, Vp

For Appellant: Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal &For Respondent: Shri Manav Bansal, CIT DR
Section 132Section 139(1)Section 139(4)Section 143(2)Section 153ASection 153D

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression "civil consequences" encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non-pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an order…

DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CC-1, , LUDHIANA vs. AFI AGRO PVT. LTD., KHANNA

In the result, all the appeals of the assessee are allowed and all the appeals of the Revenue are dismissed

ITA 179/CHANDI/2025[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh16 Oct 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Krinwant Sahayआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 1256, 1257,1258/Chd/2024 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 Afi Agro Private Limited, The Dcit, A-1, Focal Point, Vs Central Circle-1, Khanna. Ludhiana. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 179,180,373/Chd/2025 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 The Dcit, Vs Afi Agro Private Limited, Central Circle-1, A-1, Focal Point, Ludhiana. Khanna. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent Assessee By : Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal & Ms. Deepali Aggarwal, Cas Revenue By : Shri Manav Bansal, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 28.07.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 16.10.2025 Physical Hearing O R D E R Per Raj Pal Yadav, Vp

For Appellant: Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal &For Respondent: Shri Manav Bansal, CIT DR
Section 132Section 139(1)Section 139(4)Section 143(2)Section 153ASection 153D

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression "civil consequences" encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non-pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an order…

DY. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CC-1, , LUDHIANA vs. M/S AMAN FEED INDUSTRIES, KHANNA

In the result, appeals of the assessee for A

ITA 116/CHANDI/2025[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh16 Oct 2025AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Krinwant Sahayआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 1252, 1253,1254,1255/Chd/2024 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2015-16, 2017-18, 2018-19,2019-20 M/S Aman Feed Industries, The Dcit, E-2, Focal Point, Vs Central Circle-1, Khanna. Ludhiana. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aacfa3624L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 116,181,457/Chd/2025 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 The Dcit, Vs M/S Aman Feed Industries, Central Circle-1, E-2, Focal Point, Ludhiana. Khanna. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aacfa3624L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent Assessee By : Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal & Ms, Deepali Aggarwal, Cas Revenue By : Shri Manav Bansal, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 28.07.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 16.10.2025

For Appellant: Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal &For Respondent: Shri Manav Bansal, CIT DR
Section 145(3)Section 153ASection 153DSection 250Section 68

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression "civil consequences" encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non-pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an order…

AFI AGRO PRIVATE LIMITED,KHANNA vs. DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CC-1, LUDHIANA, LUDHIANA

In the result, all the appeals of the assessee are allowed and all the appeals of the Revenue are dismissed

ITA 1258/CHANDI/2024[2019-20]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh16 Oct 2025AY 2019-20

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Krinwant Sahayआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 1256, 1257,1258/Chd/2024 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 Afi Agro Private Limited, The Dcit, A-1, Focal Point, Vs Central Circle-1, Khanna. Ludhiana. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 179,180,373/Chd/2025 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 The Dcit, Vs Afi Agro Private Limited, Central Circle-1, A-1, Focal Point, Ludhiana. Khanna. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent Assessee By : Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal & Ms. Deepali Aggarwal, Cas Revenue By : Shri Manav Bansal, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 28.07.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 16.10.2025 Physical Hearing O R D E R Per Raj Pal Yadav, Vp

For Appellant: Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal &For Respondent: Shri Manav Bansal, CIT DR
Section 132Section 139(1)Section 139(4)Section 143(2)Section 153ASection 153D

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression "civil consequences" encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non-pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an order…

AFI AGRO PRIVATE LIMITED,KHANNA vs. DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CC-1, LUDHIANA, LUDHIANA

In the result, all the appeals of the assessee are allowed and all the appeals of the Revenue are dismissed

ITA 1257/CHANDI/2024[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Chandigarh16 Oct 2025AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Krinwant Sahayआयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 1256, 1257,1258/Chd/2024 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 Afi Agro Private Limited, The Dcit, A-1, Focal Point, Vs Central Circle-1, Khanna. Ludhiana. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent आयकर अपील सं./ Ita Nos. 179,180,373/Chd/2025 "नधा"रण वष" / A.Y.: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 The Dcit, Vs Afi Agro Private Limited, Central Circle-1, A-1, Focal Point, Ludhiana. Khanna. "थायी लेखा सं./Pan No: Aaeca6479L अपीलाथ"/Appellant ""यथ"/Respondent Assessee By : Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal & Ms. Deepali Aggarwal, Cas Revenue By : Shri Manav Bansal, Cit Dr Date Of Hearing : 28.07.2025 Date Of Pronouncement : 16.10.2025 Physical Hearing O R D E R Per Raj Pal Yadav, Vp

For Appellant: Shri Ashwani Kumar, Shri Kulbhushan Goyal &For Respondent: Shri Manav Bansal, CIT DR
Section 132Section 139(1)Section 139(4)Section 143(2)Section 153ASection 153D

…erefore, it hardly needs reiteration that even a purely administrative order which entails civil consequences, must be consistent with the rules of natural justice. (Also see: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [1978] 1 SCC 248 and S.L. Kapoor v. Jagmohan [1980] 4 SCC 379). 30. As already noted above, the expression "civil consequences" encompasses infraction of not merely property or personal rights but of civil liberties, material deprivations and non-pecuniary damages. Anything which affects a citizen in his civil life comes under its wide umbrella. Accordingly, we reject the argument and hold that since an order…

Showing 120 of 62 · Page 1 of 4

Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (4 SCC 379) — Cited in 62 Judgments | BharatTax