CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.

320 ITR 561Supreme Court of India2010#18 most cited

What is CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. authority for?

An Assessing Officer cannot initiate reassessment proceedings under Section 147 of the Income Tax Act based on a mere change of opinion. Reassessment is permissible only when there is fresh tangible material leading to the belief of income escapement, not merely a review of existing facts.

1,673

judgments rely on this decision, according to BharatTax’s citation analysis of 367,514 Indian tax judgments — from 2010 to 2026.

Also referred to as

CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. · Kelvinator of India · Section 147 · Section 148 · reassessment proceedings · mere change of opinion · fresh tangible material · escapement of income · reason to believe · validity of reassessment

Also reported as

187 Taxmann 3122 SCC 723187 Taxmann.com 312

Issues it is cited on

Judgments citing CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd.

Joshi Technologies International Inc., Ahmedabad vs. The Asstt. DIT, (Intl. Taxn.), Ahmedabad

In the result appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 2389/AHD/2015[2006-07]Status: DisposedITAT Ahmedabad17 Aug 2022AY 2006-07

Bench: Shri Mahavir Prasad & Shri Waseem Ahmedassessment Year : 2003-04 Joshi Technologies International Inc., Asst. Commissioner Of Income- 402, Heritage, Off. Ashram Road, Vs Tax (International Taxation), Usmanpura, Ahmedabad Ahmedabad Pan : Aaacj 9592 P Assessment Year : 2006-07 Joshi Technologies International Inc., Dy. Commissioner Of Income- 701, Parshwanath E Square, Vs Tax (International Taxation-1), Prahladnagar Garden, Near Titanium Ahmedabad Building, Satellite, Ahmedabad Pan : Aaacj 9592 P अपीलाथ"/ (Appellant) "त् यथ"/ (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri S.N. Soparkar, Sr. Advocate With Shri Yogesh G. Shah, Ar Revenue By : Shri Alok Kumar, Cit-Dr & Shri Atul Pandey, Sr Dr सुनवाई क" तार"ख/Date Of Hearing : 02/08/2022 घोषणा क" तार"ख /Date Of Pronouncement: 17/08/2022 आदेश/O R D E R Per Waseem Ahmed, Am : These Are The Appeals Filed By The Assessee Against Two Separate Orders Of The Learned Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals), Gandhinagar Dated 12.01.2010 & Learned Commissioner Of Income-Tax (Appeals)-13, Ahmedabad Dated 29.05.2015 Passed For Assessment Years 2003-04 & 2006-07 Respectively.

For Appellant: Shri S.N. Soparkar, Sr. Advocate with Shri Yogesh G. Shah, ARFor Respondent: Shri Alok Kumar, CIT-DR &
Section 143(3)Section 147Section 42Section 42(1)(c)Section 80I

…, it is a case of 'no opinion. Thus question of 'change of opinion' does not arise. ITA Nos. 1128/Ahd/2010 & 2389/Ahd/2015 Joshi Technologies International Inc Vs. ADIT (IT) AY : 2003-04 & 2006-07 6 9.1 In the case of CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. [2010] 320 ITR 561/187 Taxman 312 (SC), Hon’ble J. Kapadia held that the concept of 'change of opinion' must be treated as an in-built test to check abuse of power by the Assessing Officer and that the reasons must have a live link with formation of belief. Important excerpt of the decision is reproduced hereunder: "However, one needs to give a schematic interpreta…

Joshi Technologies International Inc., Ahmedabad vs. The ADIT., (Intnl.Taxn.), Ahmedabad

In the result appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 1128/AHD/2010[2003-04]Status: DisposedITAT Ahmedabad17 Aug 2022AY 2003-04

Bench: Shri Mahavir Prasad & Shri Waseem Ahmedassessment Year : 2003-04 Joshi Technologies International Inc., Asst. Commissioner Of Income- 402, Heritage, Off. Ashram Road, Vs Tax (International Taxation), Usmanpura, Ahmedabad Ahmedabad Pan : Aaacj 9592 P Assessment Year : 2006-07 Joshi Technologies International Inc., Dy. Commissioner Of Income- 701, Parshwanath E Square, Vs Tax (International Taxation-1), Prahladnagar Garden, Near Titanium Ahmedabad Building, Satellite, Ahmedabad Pan : Aaacj 9592 P अपीलाथ"/ (Appellant) "त् यथ"/ (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri S.N. Soparkar, Sr. Advocate With Shri Yogesh G. Shah, Ar Revenue By : Shri Alok Kumar, Cit-Dr & Shri Atul Pandey, Sr Dr सुनवाई क" तार"ख/Date Of Hearing : 02/08/2022 घोषणा क" तार"ख /Date Of Pronouncement: 17/08/2022 आदेश/O R D E R Per Waseem Ahmed, Am : These Are The Appeals Filed By The Assessee Against Two Separate Orders Of The Learned Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals), Gandhinagar Dated 12.01.2010 & Learned Commissioner Of Income-Tax (Appeals)-13, Ahmedabad Dated 29.05.2015 Passed For Assessment Years 2003-04 & 2006-07 Respectively.

For Appellant: Shri S.N. Soparkar, Sr. Advocate with Shri Yogesh G. Shah, ARFor Respondent: Shri Alok Kumar, CIT-DR &
Section 143(3)Section 147Section 42Section 42(1)(c)Section 80I

…, it is a case of 'no opinion. Thus question of 'change of opinion' does not arise. ITA Nos. 1128/Ahd/2010 & 2389/Ahd/2015 Joshi Technologies International Inc Vs. ADIT (IT) AY : 2003-04 & 2006-07 6 9.1 In the case of CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. [2010] 320 ITR 561/187 Taxman 312 (SC), Hon’ble J. Kapadia held that the concept of 'change of opinion' must be treated as an in-built test to check abuse of power by the Assessing Officer and that the reasons must have a live link with formation of belief. Important excerpt of the decision is reproduced hereunder: "However, one needs to give a schematic interpreta…

Prince Gold & Diamonds India P Ltd, Chennai vs. DCIT, CC-1(4), Chennai

In the result, both the appeals filed by the assessee are allowed

ITA 428/CHNY/2021[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai03 Aug 2022AY 2012-13

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao & Shri Manoj Kumar Aggarwalआयकर अपील सं./I.T.A. Nos.427 & 428/Chny/2021 िनधा"रण वष"/Assessment Years: 2011-12 & 2012-13 M/S. Prince Gold & Diamonds India Vs. The Deputy Commissioner Of P. Ltd., 3, Nana Street, T. Nagar, Income Tax, Chennai 600 017. Central Circle 1(4), Chennai. [Pan: Aaecp1891R] (अपीलाथ" /Appellant) (""थ"/Respondent) Assessee By : Shri D. Palanivel, Advocate Department By : Ms. L. Jancy Elizabeth Rani, Jcit सुनवाई की तारीख/ Date Of Hearing 28.06.2022 : घोषणा की तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement : 03.08.2022 आदेश /O R D E R Per V. Durga Rao: Both The Appeals Filed By The Assessee Are Directed Against The Order Of The Ld. Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals) 18, Chennai, Both Dated 31.08.2021 Relevant To The Assessment Years 2011-12 & 2012-13. Besides Challenging Reopening Of Assessment Under Section 147 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 [“Act”], The Assessee Has Also Disputed The Confirmation Of Disallowance Of Purchase On Merits In Both The Assessment Years Under Consideration.

For Appellant: Shri D. Palanivel, AdvocateFor Respondent: Ms. L. Jancy Elizabeth Rani, JCIT
Section 143(2)Section 143(3)Section 147Section 148

…re on the part of the assessee to fully and truly disclose all material facts, reopening of assessment merely on a change of opinion, which is not permissible as per the law laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. 320 ITR 561 (SC). The ld. Counsel for the assessee has further submitted that no incriminating materials relating to third party found during the course of search in the case of 5 I.T.A. Nos. 427 & 428/Chny/21 the assessee and based on the information from Investigation Wing and the statement of third party cannot be a basis to form reason to believe for re…

Prince Gold & Diamonds India P Ltd, Chennai vs. DCIT, CC-1(4), Chennai

In the result, both the appeals filed by the assessee are allowed

ITA 427/CHNY/2021[2011-12]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai03 Aug 2022AY 2011-12

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao & Shri Manoj Kumar Aggarwalआयकर अपील सं./I.T.A. Nos.427 & 428/Chny/2021 िनधा"रण वष"/Assessment Years: 2011-12 & 2012-13 M/S. Prince Gold & Diamonds India Vs. The Deputy Commissioner Of P. Ltd., 3, Nana Street, T. Nagar, Income Tax, Chennai 600 017. Central Circle 1(4), Chennai. [Pan: Aaecp1891R] (अपीलाथ" /Appellant) (""थ"/Respondent) Assessee By : Shri D. Palanivel, Advocate Department By : Ms. L. Jancy Elizabeth Rani, Jcit सुनवाई की तारीख/ Date Of Hearing 28.06.2022 : घोषणा की तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement : 03.08.2022 आदेश /O R D E R Per V. Durga Rao: Both The Appeals Filed By The Assessee Are Directed Against The Order Of The Ld. Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals) 18, Chennai, Both Dated 31.08.2021 Relevant To The Assessment Years 2011-12 & 2012-13. Besides Challenging Reopening Of Assessment Under Section 147 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 [“Act”], The Assessee Has Also Disputed The Confirmation Of Disallowance Of Purchase On Merits In Both The Assessment Years Under Consideration.

For Appellant: Shri D. Palanivel, AdvocateFor Respondent: Ms. L. Jancy Elizabeth Rani, JCIT
Section 143(2)Section 143(3)Section 147Section 148

…re on the part of the assessee to fully and truly disclose all material facts, reopening of assessment merely on a change of opinion, which is not permissible as per the law laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. 320 ITR 561 (SC). The ld. Counsel for the assessee has further submitted that no incriminating materials relating to third party found during the course of search in the case of 5 I.T.A. Nos. 427 & 428/Chny/21 the assessee and based on the information from Investigation Wing and the statement of third party cannot be a basis to form reason to believe for re…

Principal Commissioner of Income Tax -4, Kolkata vs. Graphite India Ltd

In the result, the appeal filed by the revenue is dismissed

ITAT/207/2016HC Calcutta02 Aug 2022

Bench: : The Hon’Ble Justice T.S. Sivagnanam & The Hon’Ble Justice Hiranmay Bhattacharyya Date : August 02, 2022. Appearance : Mr. Aryak Dutta, Adv ….For Appellant Mr. Somak Basu, Adv. …For Respondent The Court : This Appeal By The Revenue Filed Under Section 260A Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 (The Act) Is Directed Against The Order Dated 8Th January, 2016 Passed By The Income Tax Appellate Tribunal “B” Bench, Kolkata (Tribunal) In I.T.A. No. 398/Kol/2008 & I.T.A. No. 537/Kol/2008 For The Assessment Year 2000-2001 Respectively. The Revenue Has Raised The Following Substantial Questions Of Law For Consideration :- I) Whether On The Facts & In The Circumstances Of The Case The Learned Tribunal Was Justified In Law In Quashing The Order Passed Under Section 147 Of The Said Act Despite The Fact That There Was Failure On The Part Of The Assessee To Disclose Material Facts In The

Section 142(1)Section 147Section 260ASection 80I

…O - 23 IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA SPECIAL JURISDICTION (INCOME TAX) ORIGINAL SIDE ITAT/207/2016 IA NO: GA/1/2016 (OLD NO. GA/2156/2016) PRINCIPAL COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, KOLKATA-4, KOLKATA VS. GRAPHITE INDIA LIMITED BEFORE : THE HON’BLE JUSTICE T.S. SIVAGNANAM And THE HON’BLE JUSTICE HIRANMAY BHATTACHARYYA Date : AUGUST 02, 2022. Appearance : Mr. Aryak Dutta, Adv ….for appellant Mr. Somak Basu, Adv. …for respondent The Court : This appeal by the revenue filed under Section 260A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the Act) is directed against the order dated 8th January, 2016 passed by the Income Tax Appellate Tri…

ACIT Non Corporate Circle 7(1), Chennai vs. P.Janakiraman, Chennai

In the result, the appeal filed by the Revenue is dismissed

ITA 2079/CHNY/2017[2008-09]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai29 Jul 2022AY 2008-09

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao & Shri G. Manjunathaआयकर अपील सं./I.T.A. No.2079/Chny/2017 िनधा"रण वष"/Assessment Year: 2008-09 The Assistant Commissioner Of Vs. Shri P. Janakiraman, Income Tax, New No. 2, Old No. 3, R-Block, Plot No. 3822, 6Th Avenue, Non Corporate Circle 7(1), 121, M.G. Road, Chennai 600 034. Anna Nagar, Chennai 600 040. [Pan:Aajpj1327J] (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) (""थ"/Respondent) अपीलाथ" की ओर से / Appellant By : Shri Sajit Kumar, Jcit ""थ" की ओर से/Respondent By : Shri S. Sridhar, Advocate सुनवाई की तारीख/ Date Of Hearing : 24.06.2022 घोषणा की तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement : 29.07.2022 आदेश /O R D E R Per V. Durga Rao: This Appeal Filed By The Revenue Is Directed Against The Order Of The Ld. Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals) 7, Chennai, Dated 23.06.2017 Relevant To The Assessment Year 2008-09 Quashing The Reassessment Order Passed Under Section 143(3) R.W.S. 147 Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 [“Act” In Short].

For Appellant: Shri Sajit Kumar, JCITFor Respondent: Shri S. Sridhar, Advocate
Section 143(1)Section 143(3)Section 148Section 40

…e ld. CIT(A), the assessee challenged the validity of reassessment proceedings twice passed in this case. After considering the submissions of the assessee and in view of the decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of CIT v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. 320 ITR 561 (SC), the ld. CIT(A) has held that the reassessment proceedings to be bad in law and accordingly the assessment order passed under section 143(3) r.w.s. 147 of the Act dated 30.03.2016. 4. Aggrieved, the Revenue is in appeal before the Tribunal. 5. We have heard the rival contentions, perused the materials available on record and gone through th…

ACIT, Chennai vs. B.V.Reddy Enterprises Pvt. Ltd., Chennai

In the result, the appeal filed by the Revenue is dismissed

ITA 3293/CHNY/2016[2008-09]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai29 Jul 2022AY 2008-09

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao & Shri G. Manjunathaआयकर अपील सं./I.T.A. No.3293/Chny/2016 िनधा"रण वष"/Assessment Year: 2008-09 The Assistant Commissioner Of Vs. M/S. B.V. Reddy Enterprises Pvt. Ltd., New No. 21/Old No. 10A, 1St Floor, Income Tax, Corporate Circle 1(2), Umayal Road, Kilpauk, Chennai 600 034. Chennai 600 010. [Pan:Aaccn2252L] (अपीलाथ"/Appellant) (""थ"/Respondent) अपीलाथ" की ओर से / Appellant By : Shri D. Hema Bhupal, Jcit ""थ" की ओर से/Respondent By : Shri N. Arjunraj, Ca For Shri S. Sridhar, Advocate सुनवाई की तारीख/ Date Of Hearing : 27.06.2022 घोषणा की तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement 29.07.2022 : आदेश /O R D E R Per V. Durga Rao: This Appeal Filed By The Revenue Is Directed Against The Order Of The Ld. Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals) 1, Chennai, Dated 28.09.2016 Relevant To The Assessment Year 2008-09. 2. Facts Are, In Brief, That The Assessee Filed Its Return Of Income For The Assessment Year 2008-09 On 13.09.2008 Disclosing Total Income Of ₹.1,83,53,540/- After Setting Off Of Carry Forward Loss Of ₹.9,67,40,138/-.

For Appellant: Shri D. Hema Bhupal, JCITFor Respondent: Shri N. Arjunraj, CA for Shri S. Sridhar, Advocate
Section 139Section 142(1)Section 143(2)Section 143(3)Section 147Section 148Section 14A

…31.12.2010. The subsequent reopening on the same set of facts with no failure on the part of the appellant to disclose material facts would tantamount to mere "change of opinion". In this regard, the Hon'ble Supreme Court in CIT v. Kelvinator of India [2010] 320 ITR 561 (SC) observed that.. .. 5 I.T.A. No. 3293/Chny/16 (quote)"Therefore, post 1-4-1989, power to reopen is much wider. However, one needs to give a schematic interpretation to the words "reason to believe" failing which, we are afraid, section 147 would give arbitrary powers to the Assessing Officer to re-open assessments on the basis of "mere chan…

DCIT, Bangalore vs. Shri. Sumir J Hinduja, Bangalore

In the result, appeals filed by the revenue and COs filed by the assessee are dismissed

ITA 1374/BANG/2012[2006-07]Status: DisposedITAT Bangalore22 Jul 2022AY 2006-07

Bench: Shri Chandra Poojari & Smt. Beena Pillaiassessment Year: 2006-07 Shri Jagadish N. Hinduja Deputy Commissioner Of Income- No.7 & 12, Industrial Suburb Tax Tumkur Road Vs. Circle 11(3) Yeshwanthpur Bangalore Bangalore 560 022 Pan No.Aacph7291Q Appellant Respondent Assessment Year: 2006-07 Shri Sumir J. Hinduja Deputy Commissioner Of Income- No.7 & 12, Industrial Suburb Tax Tumkur Road Vs. Circle 11(3) Yeshwanthpur Bangalore Bangalore 560 022 Pan No.Aaeph5197H Appellant Respondent C.O. No.48/Bang/2013 (Arising Out Of Ita No.1373/Bang/2012) Assessment Year: 2006-07 Shri Jagadish N. Hinduja Vs. Dcit, Circl-11(3),Bangalore Appellant Respondent C.O. No.49/Bang/2013 (Arising Out Of Ita No.1374/Bang/2012) Assessment Year: 2006-07 Shri Sumir J. Hinduja Vs. Dcit, Circl-11(3),Bangalore Appellant Respondent Appellant By : Shri Susan Dolores George, D.R. Respondent By : Shri Ashok A Kulkarni, A.R.

For Appellant: Shri Susan Dolores George, D.RFor Respondent: Shri Ashok A Kulkarni, A.R
Section 147Section 148Section 2(22)(e)

…se reasons cannot be supplemented or improved upon subsequently.” ITA Nos.1373 & 1374/Bang/2012 & CO. Nos.48 & 49/Bang/2013 Shri Jagadish N. Hinduja, Bangalore Page 16 of 78 (ii) Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of CIT vs. Kelvinator of India Ltd. reported in 320 ITR 561 at 564 wherein it was held as under:- “On going through the changes, quoted above, made to s the Act, we find that, prior to the Direct Tax Laws (Amendment) reopening could be done under the above two conditions and the said conditions alone conferred jurisdiction on the Assessing make a back assessment, but in section 147 of the Act (with effect…

DCIT, Bangalore vs. Shri. Jagadish N Hinduja, Bangalore

In the result, appeals filed by the revenue and COs filed by the assessee are dismissed

ITA 1373/BANG/2012[2006-07]Status: DisposedITAT Bangalore22 Jul 2022AY 2006-07

Bench: Shri Chandra Poojari & Smt. Beena Pillaiassessment Year: 2006-07 Shri Jagadish N. Hinduja Deputy Commissioner Of Income- No.7 & 12, Industrial Suburb Tax Tumkur Road Vs. Circle 11(3) Yeshwanthpur Bangalore Bangalore 560 022 Pan No.Aacph7291Q Appellant Respondent Assessment Year: 2006-07 Shri Sumir J. Hinduja Deputy Commissioner Of Income- No.7 & 12, Industrial Suburb Tax Tumkur Road Vs. Circle 11(3) Yeshwanthpur Bangalore Bangalore 560 022 Pan No.Aaeph5197H Appellant Respondent C.O. No.48/Bang/2013 (Arising Out Of Ita No.1373/Bang/2012) Assessment Year: 2006-07 Shri Jagadish N. Hinduja Vs. Dcit, Circl-11(3),Bangalore Appellant Respondent C.O. No.49/Bang/2013 (Arising Out Of Ita No.1374/Bang/2012) Assessment Year: 2006-07 Shri Sumir J. Hinduja Vs. Dcit, Circl-11(3),Bangalore Appellant Respondent Appellant By : Shri Susan Dolores George, D.R. Respondent By : Shri Ashok A Kulkarni, A.R.

For Appellant: Shri Susan Dolores George, D.RFor Respondent: Shri Ashok A Kulkarni, A.R
Section 147Section 148Section 2(22)(e)

…se reasons cannot be supplemented or improved upon subsequently.” ITA Nos.1373 & 1374/Bang/2012 & CO. Nos.48 & 49/Bang/2013 Shri Jagadish N. Hinduja, Bangalore Page 16 of 78 (ii) Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of CIT vs. Kelvinator of India Ltd. reported in 320 ITR 561 at 564 wherein it was held as under:- “On going through the changes, quoted above, made to s the Act, we find that, prior to the Direct Tax Laws (Amendment) reopening could be done under the above two conditions and the said conditions alone conferred jurisdiction on the Assessing make a back assessment, but in section 147 of the Act (with effect…