CIT v. A. Gajapathy Naidu

53 ITR 114Supreme Court of India1964#1555 most cited

What is CIT v. A. Gajapathy Naidu authority for?

An Income Tax Officer assessing income must determine the assessee's system of accountancy and, for the mercantile system, ascertain when the right to receive the income legally accrued.

73

judgments rely on this decision, according to BharatTax’s citation analysis of 366,470 Indian tax judgments — from 2008 to 2025.

Also referred to as

CIT v. A. Gajapathy Naidu · 53 ITR 114 · income accrual · year of taxability · mercantile system of accounting · right to receive income · assessment procedure · system of accountancy · Section 145 · ITO powers

Sections most often in play

Section 32(1)(iia)Section 32ACSection 37Section 40A(9)Section 10B(8)Section 194Section 194ASection 32AD
Read the full judgment

Issues it is cited on

section 139(3)section 10(2)(xv)section 32asection 170section 40a(9)section 276section 145a(b)section 32(1)(iia)section 73resulting companysection 42section 47

Judgments citing CIT v. A. Gajapathy Naidu

D.C.I.T., Circle-11(1), Kolkata vs. M/S. at & S India Limited, Karnataka

In the result, the appeal filed by the Revenue is dismissed

ITA 1311/KOL/2018[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata08 Sept 2022AY 2014-15

Bench: Shri Manish Borad & Shri Sonjoy Sarmai.T.A. No. 1311/Kol/2018 Assessment Year: 2014-15 Dcit, Circle-11(1), Kolkata M/S. At&S India Ltd. 12A, Industrial Area, Vs Nanjangud Mysore District Karnataka - 571301 Pan : Aaeca2930J अपीलाथ"/ (Appellant) "" यथ"/ (Respondent) Assessee By : Smt. Rituparna Sinha, A.R. Revenue By : Shri Gaurav Kanaujia, Cit, D/R सुनवाई क" तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 28/07/2022 घोषणा क" तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement: 08/09/2022 आदेश/O R D E R Per Manish Borad:

For Appellant: Smt. Rituparna Sinha, A.RFor Respondent: Shri Gaurav Kanaujia, CIT, D/R
Section 250

…n Courts. Stewardship activity has not been defined under the Income Tax Act, 1961 and the TPO placed reliance on US Transfer Pricing Regulations. Reliance was placed on the judgement of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of CIT vs A.Gajapathy Naidu [1964] 53 ITR 114 and M.C.Mehta vs Union of India AIR 1987 SC 1086 (SC) for the proposition that Indian Income Tax Act, 1961 (in short "Act") should be construed on its terms, without drawing any analogy from foreign statues and from the decision of foreign Courts. (b) The TPO has not complied with the relevant provision of Chapter X of the Act and specifically to…

Sweta Goenka, Jabalpur vs. Pr. Commissioner of Incomr Tax-1, Jabalpur

In the result, the assessee‟s appeal is dismissed

ITA 44/JAB/2022[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Jabalpur17 Aug 2022AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Sanjay Arora, Hon‟Ble & Shri Manomohan Das, Hon'Ble

For Appellant: Shri Sapan Usrethe, AdvocateFor Respondent: Shri U.B. Mishra, CIT-DR
Section 143(1)Section 143(3)Section 194CSection 263

…s. 145; each year being a separate and independent unit of assessment. The law in the matter is well-settled, and toward which we may refer to some decisions, in all of which, this plea was, and for that reason, rejected, viz. CIT v. A. Gajapathy Naidu [1964] 53 ITR 114 (SC); CIT v. Chunni Lal Mehta & Sons (P.) Ltd. [1971] 82 ITR 54 (SC); CIT v. British Paints India Ltd. [1991] 188 ITR 44 (SC)). Further, the assessee, except where it shows proper accounting for the unbilled work as the closing stock as at the year-end, valued at cost, as indeed ought to be the case (CIT v. A. Krishnaswami Mudaliar [1964] 53 ITR 1…

M/S Delhi International Airport Ltd vs. The Principal Commissioner of Income Tax

ITA/513/2018HC Karnataka14 Dec 2021

Bench: S.SUJATHA,S VISHWAJITH SHETTY

Section 260

…of mercantile method and cash accounting method is permissible in one assessment year as per the settled principles of accounting system. 30. The Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax v. A.Gajapathy Naidu, reported in (1964) 53 ITR 114 (SC) has explained the two principal methods of accounting for the income. The same is quoted hereunder for ready reference; “Under this definition accepted by this Court, an income accrues or arises when the assessee acquires a right to receive the same. It is common place that there are two principal methods of accounting for the income…

M/S Delhi International vs. The Principal Commissioner

ITA/514/2018HC Karnataka14 Dec 2021

Bench: S.SUJATHA,S VISHWAJITH SHETTY

Section 260

…of mercantile method and cash accounting method is permissible in one assessment year as per the settled principles of accounting system. 30. The Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax v. A.Gajapathy Naidu, reported in (1964) 53 ITR 114 (SC) has explained the two principal methods of accounting for the income. The same is quoted hereunder for ready reference; “Under this definition accepted by this Court, an income accrues or arises when the assessee acquires a right to receive the same. It is common place that there are two principal methods of accounting for the income…

The Pr. Commissioner of Income Tax vs. M/S. Delhi International Airport Pvt. Ltd

ITA/703/2018HC Karnataka14 Dec 2021

Bench: S.SUJATHA,S VISHWAJITH SHETTY

Section 260

…of mercantile method and cash accounting method is permissible in one assessment year as per the settled principles of accounting system. 30. The Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax v. A.Gajapathy Naidu, reported in (1964) 53 ITR 114 (SC) has explained the two principal methods of accounting for the income. The same is quoted hereunder for ready reference; “Under this definition accepted by this Court, an income accrues or arises when the assessee acquires a right to receive the same. It is common place that there are two principal methods of accounting for the income…

The Pr. Commissioner of Income Tax vs. M/S. Delhi International Airport Pvt. Ltd

ITA/701/2018HC Karnataka14 Dec 2021

Bench: S.SUJATHA,S VISHWAJITH SHETTY

Section 260

…of mercantile method and cash accounting method is permissible in one assessment year as per the settled principles of accounting system. 30. The Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax v. A.Gajapathy Naidu, reported in (1964) 53 ITR 114 (SC) has explained the two principal methods of accounting for the income. The same is quoted hereunder for ready reference; “Under this definition accepted by this Court, an income accrues or arises when the assessee acquires a right to receive the same. It is common place that there are two principal methods of accounting for the income…

M/S Delhi International Airport Ltd vs. The Principal Commissioner of Income Tax

ITA/515/2018HC Karnataka14 Dec 2021

Bench: S.SUJATHA,S VISHWAJITH SHETTY

Section 260

…of mercantile method and cash accounting method is permissible in one assessment year as per the settled principles of accounting system. 30. The Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax v. A.Gajapathy Naidu, reported in (1964) 53 ITR 114 (SC) has explained the two principal methods of accounting for the income. The same is quoted hereunder for ready reference; “Under this definition accepted by this Court, an income accrues or arises when the assessee acquires a right to receive the same. It is common place that there are two principal methods of accounting for the income…

The Pr. Commissioner of Income Tax vs. M/S. Delhi International Airport Pvt. Ltd

ITA/702/2018HC Karnataka14 Dec 2021

Bench: S.SUJATHA,S VISHWAJITH SHETTY

Section 260

…of mercantile method and cash accounting method is permissible in one assessment year as per the settled principles of accounting system. 30. The Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax v. A.Gajapathy Naidu, reported in (1964) 53 ITR 114 (SC) has explained the two principal methods of accounting for the income. The same is quoted hereunder for ready reference; “Under this definition accepted by this Court, an income accrues or arises when the assessee acquires a right to receive the same. It is common place that there are two principal methods of accounting for the income…

Principal Commissioner of Income Tax-4 vs. Navin Chand Suchanti

The appeals of the revenue are dismissed

ITAT/1/2018HC Calcutta24 Nov 2021

Bench: : The Hon’Ble Justice Surya Prakash Kesarwani & The Hon’Ble Justice Rajarshi Bharadwaj Date : 1St May 2024. Appearance: Ms. Smita Das De, Advocate … For The Appellant. Mr. J. P. Khaitan, Senior Advocate Mr. Ananda Sen, Advocate … For The Respondent. 1. Heard Smt. Smita Das De, Learned Senior Standing Counsel For The Appellant & Sri J. P. Khaitan, Learned Senior Advocate Assisted By Sri Ananda Sen, Learned Counsel For The Respondent Assessee. 2.

Section 43BSection 43D

…nsation and it was held that such interest accrued on year to year basis. In the instant case, there was no accrual since the interest was neither due nor receivable until maturity. The decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in CIT v. A.Gajapathy Naidu, (1964) 53 ITR 114 (SC) sought to be relied upon on behalf of the revenue actually supports the plea of the assessee in its contention that interest income is taxable only upon maturity when the right to receive interest accrued to the assessee. In Laxmipat Singhania v CIT, (1969) 72 ITR 291 (SC), relied upon on behalf of the revenue it was held that where the amoun…

Singareni Colleries Company Limited, Hyderabad vs. ACIT, Circle-1, Khammam

In the result, both the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2009-10 & 2010-11 are dismissed

ITA 882/HYD/2014[2007-08]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad20 May 2021AY 2007-08

Bench: Shri Satbeer Singh Godara & Shri Laxmi Prasad Sahusl.

For Appellant: Shri M.V. Anil KumarFor Respondent: Smt. Anjala Sahu &
Section 143(3)Section 35ESection 43B

…IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL HYDERABAD BENCH ‘A', HYDERABAD BEFORE SHRI SATBEER SINGH GODARA, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI LAXMI PRASAD SAHU, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER Sl. ITA No. AY Appellant Respondent No. 1 801, 802, 2006-07 , Asst./Dy. M/s Singareni to 803/ 2009-10 & Commissioner Colleries 4 H/2014 and 2010-11 of Income-tax, Company Ltd., 519/H/2016 and 2004- Circle – 1, Khammam 05 Khammam 5 879, 880, 2005-06, M/s Singareni Asst./Dy. to 882, 884, 2006-07, Colleries Commissioner of 11 886 & 2007-08, Company Ltd., Income-tax, 887/H/2014 2007-08, Khammam Circle – 1, and 2008-09, Khammam 561/H/2016 2009-10, 2010-11…

Singareni Colleries Company Limited, Hyderabad vs. ACIT, Circle-1, Khammam

In the result, both the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2009-10 & 2010-11 are dismissed

ITA 880/HYD/2014[2006-07]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad20 May 2021AY 2006-07

Bench: Shri Satbeer Singh Godara & Shri Laxmi Prasad Sahusl.

For Appellant: Shri M.V. Anil KumarFor Respondent: Smt. Anjala Sahu &
Section 143(3)Section 35ESection 43B

…IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL HYDERABAD BENCH ‘A', HYDERABAD BEFORE SHRI SATBEER SINGH GODARA, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI LAXMI PRASAD SAHU, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER Sl. ITA No. AY Appellant Respondent No. 1 801, 802, 2006-07 , Asst./Dy. M/s Singareni to 803/ 2009-10 & Commissioner Colleries 4 H/2014 and 2010-11 of Income-tax, Company Ltd., 519/H/2016 and 2004- Circle – 1, Khammam 05 Khammam 5 879, 880, 2005-06, M/s Singareni Asst./Dy. to 882, 884, 2006-07, Colleries Commissioner of 11 886 & 2007-08, Company Ltd., Income-tax, 887/H/2014 2007-08, Khammam Circle – 1, and 2008-09, Khammam 561/H/2016 2009-10, 2010-11…

Singareni Colleries Company Limited, Hyderabad vs. ACIT, Circle-1, Khammam

In the result, both the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2009-10 & 2010-11 are dismissed

ITA 879/HYD/2014[2005-06]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad20 May 2021AY 2005-06

Bench: Shri Satbeer Singh Godara & Shri Laxmi Prasad Sahusl.

For Appellant: Shri M.V. Anil KumarFor Respondent: Smt. Anjala Sahu &
Section 143(3)Section 35ESection 43B

…IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL HYDERABAD BENCH ‘A', HYDERABAD BEFORE SHRI SATBEER SINGH GODARA, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI LAXMI PRASAD SAHU, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER Sl. ITA No. AY Appellant Respondent No. 1 801, 802, 2006-07 , Asst./Dy. M/s Singareni to 803/ 2009-10 & Commissioner Colleries 4 H/2014 and 2010-11 of Income-tax, Company Ltd., 519/H/2016 and 2004- Circle – 1, Khammam 05 Khammam 5 879, 880, 2005-06, M/s Singareni Asst./Dy. to 882, 884, 2006-07, Colleries Commissioner of 11 886 & 2007-08, Company Ltd., Income-tax, 887/H/2014 2007-08, Khammam Circle – 1, and 2008-09, Khammam 561/H/2016 2009-10, 2010-11…

Asst. Commissioner of Income Tax Circle-1, Khammam vs. M/S Singareni Colleries Company Ltd., Khammam Dist

In the result, both the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2009-10 & 2010-11 are dismissed

ITA 803/HYD/2014[2010-11]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad20 May 2021AY 2010-11

Bench: Shri Satbeer Singh Godara & Shri Laxmi Prasad Sahusl.

For Appellant: Shri M.V. Anil KumarFor Respondent: Smt. Anjala Sahu &
Section 143(3)Section 35ESection 43B

…IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL HYDERABAD BENCH ‘A', HYDERABAD BEFORE SHRI SATBEER SINGH GODARA, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI LAXMI PRASAD SAHU, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER Sl. ITA No. AY Appellant Respondent No. 1 801, 802, 2006-07 , Asst./Dy. M/s Singareni to 803/ 2009-10 & Commissioner Colleries 4 H/2014 and 2010-11 of Income-tax, Company Ltd., 519/H/2016 and 2004- Circle – 1, Khammam 05 Khammam 5 879, 880, 2005-06, M/s Singareni Asst./Dy. to 882, 884, 2006-07, Colleries Commissioner of 11 886 & 2007-08, Company Ltd., Income-tax, 887/H/2014 2007-08, Khammam Circle – 1, and 2008-09, Khammam 561/H/2016 2009-10, 2010-11…

Asst. Commissioner of Income Tax Circle-1, Khammam vs. M/S Singareni Colleries Company Ltd., Khammam Dist

In the result, both the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2009-10 & 2010-11 are dismissed

ITA 802/HYD/2014[2009-10]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad20 May 2021AY 2009-10

Bench: Shri Satbeer Singh Godara & Shri Laxmi Prasad Sahusl.

For Appellant: Shri M.V. Anil KumarFor Respondent: Smt. Anjala Sahu &
Section 143(3)Section 35ESection 43B

…IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL HYDERABAD BENCH ‘A', HYDERABAD BEFORE SHRI SATBEER SINGH GODARA, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI LAXMI PRASAD SAHU, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER Sl. ITA No. AY Appellant Respondent No. 1 801, 802, 2006-07 , Asst./Dy. M/s Singareni to 803/ 2009-10 & Commissioner Colleries 4 H/2014 and 2010-11 of Income-tax, Company Ltd., 519/H/2016 and 2004- Circle – 1, Khammam 05 Khammam 5 879, 880, 2005-06, M/s Singareni Asst./Dy. to 882, 884, 2006-07, Colleries Commissioner of 11 886 & 2007-08, Company Ltd., Income-tax, 887/H/2014 2007-08, Khammam Circle – 1, and 2008-09, Khammam 561/H/2016 2009-10, 2010-11…

Asst. Commissioner of Income Tax Circle-1, Khammam vs. M/S Singareni Colleries Company Ltd., Khammam Dist

In the result, both the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2009-10 & 2010-11 are dismissed

ITA 801/HYD/2014[2006-07]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad20 May 2021AY 2006-07

Bench: Shri Satbeer Singh Godara & Shri Laxmi Prasad Sahusl.

For Appellant: Shri M.V. Anil KumarFor Respondent: Smt. Anjala Sahu &
Section 143(3)Section 35ESection 43B

…IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL HYDERABAD BENCH ‘A', HYDERABAD BEFORE SHRI SATBEER SINGH GODARA, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI LAXMI PRASAD SAHU, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER Sl. ITA No. AY Appellant Respondent No. 1 801, 802, 2006-07 , Asst./Dy. M/s Singareni to 803/ 2009-10 & Commissioner Colleries 4 H/2014 and 2010-11 of Income-tax, Company Ltd., 519/H/2016 and 2004- Circle – 1, Khammam 05 Khammam 5 879, 880, 2005-06, M/s Singareni Asst./Dy. to 882, 884, 2006-07, Colleries Commissioner of 11 886 & 2007-08, Company Ltd., Income-tax, 887/H/2014 2007-08, Khammam Circle – 1, and 2008-09, Khammam 561/H/2016 2009-10, 2010-11…

The Singareni Colleries Company Ltd., Kothjagudem, Hyderabad vs. Addl.Citt, Khammam Range, Khammam

In the result, both the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2009-10 & 2010-11 are dismissed

ITA 561/HYD/2016[2011-12]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad20 May 2021AY 2011-12

Bench: Shri Satbeer Singh Godara & Shri Laxmi Prasad Sahusl.

For Appellant: Shri M.V. Anil KumarFor Respondent: Smt. Anjala Sahu &
Section 143(3)Section 35ESection 43B

…IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL HYDERABAD BENCH ‘A', HYDERABAD BEFORE SHRI SATBEER SINGH GODARA, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI LAXMI PRASAD SAHU, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER Sl. ITA No. AY Appellant Respondent No. 1 801, 802, 2006-07 , Asst./Dy. M/s Singareni to 803/ 2009-10 & Commissioner Colleries 4 H/2014 and 2010-11 of Income-tax, Company Ltd., 519/H/2016 and 2004- Circle – 1, Khammam 05 Khammam 5 879, 880, 2005-06, M/s Singareni Asst./Dy. to 882, 884, 2006-07, Colleries Commissioner of 11 886 & 2007-08, Company Ltd., Income-tax, 887/H/2014 2007-08, Khammam Circle – 1, and 2008-09, Khammam 561/H/2016 2009-10, 2010-11…

DCIT, Circle-1, Khammam vs. The Singareni Colleries Company Lt.D, Kothagudem

In the result, both the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2009-10 & 2010-11 are dismissed

ITA 519/HYD/2016[2004-05]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad20 May 2021AY 2004-05

Bench: Shri Satbeer Singh Godara & Shri Laxmi Prasad Sahusl.

For Appellant: Shri M.V. Anil KumarFor Respondent: Smt. Anjala Sahu &
Section 143(3)Section 35ESection 43B

…IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL HYDERABAD BENCH ‘A', HYDERABAD BEFORE SHRI SATBEER SINGH GODARA, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI LAXMI PRASAD SAHU, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER Sl. ITA No. AY Appellant Respondent No. 1 801, 802, 2006-07 , Asst./Dy. M/s Singareni to 803/ 2009-10 & Commissioner Colleries 4 H/2014 and 2010-11 of Income-tax, Company Ltd., 519/H/2016 and 2004- Circle – 1, Khammam 05 Khammam 5 879, 880, 2005-06, M/s Singareni Asst./Dy. to 882, 884, 2006-07, Colleries Commissioner of 11 886 & 2007-08, Company Ltd., Income-tax, 887/H/2014 2007-08, Khammam Circle – 1, and 2008-09, Khammam 561/H/2016 2009-10, 2010-11…

Singareni Colleries Company Limited, Hyderabad vs. ACIT, Circle-1, Khammam

In the result, both the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2009-10 & 2010-11 are dismissed

ITA 884/HYD/2014[2008-09]Status: DisposedITAT Hyderabad20 May 2021AY 2008-09

Bench: Shri Satbeer Singh Godara & Shri Laxmi Prasad Sahusl.

For Appellant: Shri M.V. Anil KumarFor Respondent: Smt. Anjala Sahu &
Section 143(3)Section 35ESection 43B

…IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL HYDERABAD BENCH ‘A', HYDERABAD BEFORE SHRI SATBEER SINGH GODARA, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI LAXMI PRASAD SAHU, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER Sl. ITA No. AY Appellant Respondent No. 1 801, 802, 2006-07 , Asst./Dy. M/s Singareni to 803/ 2009-10 & Commissioner Colleries 4 H/2014 and 2010-11 of Income-tax, Company Ltd., 519/H/2016 and 2004- Circle – 1, Khammam 05 Khammam 5 879, 880, 2005-06, M/s Singareni Asst./Dy. to 882, 884, 2006-07, Colleries Commissioner of 11 886 & 2007-08, Company Ltd., Income-tax, 887/H/2014 2007-08, Khammam Circle – 1, and 2008-09, Khammam 561/H/2016 2009-10, 2010-11…

Dabur Invest Corp, New Delhi vs. JCIT, Range-46, New Delhi

In the result, appeal of the assessee is partly allowed

ITA 8058/DEL/2018[2015-16]Status: DisposedITAT Delhi11 Feb 2021AY 2015-16

Bench: Shri Sudhanshu Srivastava & Shri Prashant Maharishi(Partially Through Video Conferencing) Dabur Invest Corp, The Joint Commissioner Of Vs. 4Th Floor, Punjabi Bhawan, 10, Income Tax , Rouse Avenue, New Delhi Range-46, Pan: Aaadfd2529G New Delhi (Appellant) (Respondent)

For Appellant: Shri M. P. Rastogi, AdvFor Respondent: Shri G. C. Srivastava, Adv
Section 143Section 4

…ith the concept of accrual as per Section 5 of the Act defining the scope of total income of resident, which provides for it to include income that accrues or arises during the current year. The findings of the Apex Court in the case of Gajapathy Naidu [1964] 53 ITR 114 (SC) on the meaning of the word „accrue‟ or „arise‟ along with the decision in Ashokbhai Chamanbhai [1965] 156 ITR 42 (SC) on the same issue was considered. The terms „accrue‟ and „arise‟ were used to contra-distinguish the word “receive”. Section 5 was also examined Page 50 of 155 in conjunction with other provisions of the Act concerning the me…

The Commissioner of Income - Tax vs. M/S Biocon Ltd

In the result, we do not find any merit in this

ITA/653/2013HC Karnataka11 Nov 2020

Bench: ALOK ARADHE,H.T. NARENDRA PRASAD

Section 260Section 260ASection 37

…(2008) 166 TAXMAN 204 (SC), 'MORVI INDUSTRIES LTD VS. 8 COMMISSIONER OF INCOME-TAX', (1971) 82 ITR 835 (SC), 'KESHAV MILLS LTD. VS. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME-TAX', (153) 23 ITR 230 (SC), 'COMMISSIONER OF INCOME-TAX VS. A. GAJAPATHY NAIDU', (1964) 53 ITR 114 (SC). 4. On the other hand, learned counsel for the assessee submitted that discount on the issue of ESOPs is not a contingent liability but is an ascertained one. It is further submitted that ESOPs vest over a period of 4 years at the rate of 24%, which means that at the end of first year the employee has a definite right of 25% of the…