THE CRAFTS COUNCIL OF INDIA,CHENNAI vs. JCIT(EXEMPTIONS), CHENNAI

Sl.No Notice issued date Compliance Appellant’s response date 1 07.02.2020 24.02.2020 Appellant not responded 2 12.03.2020 26.03.2020 Appellant not responded 3 09.01.2021 25.01.2021 Appellant not responded 4 17.01.2022 28.01.2022 Appellant not responded 5 31.08.2022 08.09.2022 Appellant not responded 6 20.04.2023 05.05.2023 Appellant not responded 7 19.09.2023 04.10.2023 Appellant not responded 8 17.01.2024 24.01.2021 Last and final opportunity was provided to the assessee Accordingly, the appeal is being decided on the basis of the information available in records and the older submissions, statement of facts and the grounds of appeal .

4. Aggrieved with the assessment order, appeal has been filed before the ld.CIT(A). The ld.CIT(A) has given several notices of hearing to assessee but assessee failed to appear before him. Further, ld.CIT(A) in the light of the judgment in the case of Ahemdabad Urban Development Authority (supra) denied the exemptions of assessee u/s 11 of the Act and made various additions in respective assessment years. Now the assesse is in further appeal before us.

to 946/Chny/2024 The Appellant is a Society registered under Societies Act and has been approved under Section 12A of the Income Tax Act as a Charitable Organization. The main purpose of the Appellant is for the uplift of the Artisans working on traditional craft in India having unique heritage skills which are to be preserved, strengthened and promoted. The aim and object of the Appellant is mainly to provide facilities and opportunities for craftsmen to exhibit their skill to Public and also provide reasonable platforms for marketing their ware, which otherwise would not be available to the craftsmen. The Appellant is also associated with World Crafts Council. The Appellant conducts various Exhibitions and Fairs where Craftsman are permitted to market their products to a wide audience. In such cases the entire sale proceeds of their products is directly received by the Craftsmen/Artisans, who pay a small amount to the Appellant towards their expenses for conducting the Fairs and Exhibitions. The Appellant also provides marketing and branding supports to artisans, helping them to develop promotional materials improved packaging and enhanced product promotion. Apart from the above, the Appellant has opened shops known as Kamala shops at Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai for selling exclusively products made by the Artisans/Craftsmen. Thus the artisans and craftsman will have a wider and upmarket client. Through these shops the Appellant purchases handicrafts made by Artisans and handmade fabrics with uniqueness and sell the same to the Public. The sale price of these products at Kamala shops are priced at cost paid to the artisans for their products plus a small margin to cover the administrative over heads of the appellant. The Financial to 946/Chny/2024 results of the Appellant over the years would show that the sale price has resulted in meagre or marginal profits and in some years losses. In case where there are losses the Appellant depends on donation from well-wishers to make good the shortfalls. In this manner for the assessment year 2011-12, the appellant had received total of Rs.75.90 lakhs as donations from various parties (mentioned in page 9 of the paper book) who have no connection with sale or purchase of products of the artisans and which are pure donations, and hence cannot be taken as business profits of the Appellant as done by lower authorities. The Assessing Officer has denied the exemption u/s.11 and has been taxed the excess of income over expenditure (few two items taken from the balance sheet for the assessment year 2015-16). Further, the Assessing officer has rejected the claim for depreciation. On appeal the CIT(A) has examined the issue in the context of the decision of the Supreme Court of India rendered in the case of CIT v Ahmedabad Urban Development Authority (449 ITR 1). CIT(A) has considered various observations of the Apex Court in that decision on various issues dealt with by the Apex Court and has come to the conclusion that the proviso to Section 2(15) would be applicable in the case of the Appellant and for all the years he has held that "sum total of receipts from these activities is clearly more than 20% of the total receipts. Further the Assessee is earning hefty profit from these activities. Accordingly, it is held that the Assessee is not eligible for exemption u/s.11 of the Incometax Act as a GPU (General Public Utility) charity" (see Page 17 of the assessment order for the AY 2011-12 in ). He has held similarly in all the other to 946/Chny/2024 years also. While the Appellant is carrying out only activities for the furtherance of its objects viz providing support and helping the artisans and craftsman in marketing their products, it could do so only by purchasing the products to help the cash flow and market the same through the outlets of the appellant. This will help the artisan and craftsman to receive the sale proceeds for the products immediately and not wait for the product to be sold in the public over a period. In achieving the objective to help the Artisans to market their products through the outlets run by the Appellant, the Appellant is collecting a marginal charge to meet their administrative expenses. This has resulted in a marginal profit and for some years has resulted in losses. As explained, the net realisation figure for all the years under appeal is given at page 23 of the paper book. This excludes the donations received in AY 2011-12). Further, while the CIT(A) has attempted to apply the ratio of the Apex Court decision, supra, he has omitted to consider a very important part of the decision wherein the Supreme Court has read down/clarified the manner of application of the second proviso to section 2(15). The First proviso to Section 2(15) provides that any business, trade or commerce or for services rendered in connection with business trade or commerce would disentitle the institution from claiming deduction under sec 11 and as per Section 13(8) the income of the institution would be subject to tax. To mitigate the rigors of the above provisions, Second provisio was introduced whereby if the receipts from the commercial activities is less than the amount mentioned in the second proviso for the relevant assessment year (Rs. 10 lakhs from 1.4.2009:, Rs.25 lakhs w.e.f 1.4.2012 and to 946/Chny/2024 20% w.e.f 1.4.2016 of the total receipts). then the first proviso would not be applicable and the institution will be entitled to deduction/s 11. The CIT(A) has applied this restriction taking the entire receipt of the appellant from these activities and holding that it is more than 20% of the total receipts. However, the Supreme Court in their decision at para 179 171, 172 and 173 (in the decision reported in (329 CTR 297) (at Page 5 of the extracts of the decision submitted) has observed that performance of charitable activities without any consideration is not envisioned under the Act. Apex Court has held that while actually carrying out the objects of the GPU if some profits is generated it can be granted exemption provided the quantitative limit ( not exceeding 20% of the total receipts) (or Rs. 10, or Rs.25 lakhs, as the case maybe ) under the 2nd proviso to Section 2(15) for receipts from such profits is adhered to. Again in para 172, the Apex Court has stated that for achieving a general public utility object, if the charity involves itself in activities, that entail charging amounts only at cost or marginal mark up over cost, and also derive some profit, the prohibition against carrying on business or service relating to business is not attracted - if the quantum of such profits do not exceed 20% of its overall receipts (or 10lakhs or25 lakhs as the case may be, depending on the Assessment Year). They have also given other examples where Proviso to sec2(15) will not be applicable-like providing low-cost hostels to weaker segments of society, where the fee or charges recovered cover the costs plus nominal mark up; or renting marriage halls for low amounts, again with a fee meant to cover costs; or blood bank services, again with fee to cover costs, are to 946/Chny/2024 not activities in the nature of business. Further, while summing up conclusion the Apex Court at para 253 at A.3, has held that "the Court has clarified through illustrations what kind of services or goods provided on cost or nominal basis would normally be excluded from the mischief of trade, commerce, or business, in the body of the judgment. Thus it is clear that the lower authorities have not appreciated and applied the correct ratio of the Apex Court cited supra and they have omitted the important portion of the judgment wherein the Apex Court has accepted and permitted that institution with general public utility even it makes profits in activities in furthering its objects cannot be denied the exemption if the profit is marginal and is mainly charged for covering up the administrative cost. Therefore, it is submitted that the AO may look into the profits made by the various year and decide whether such profits derived from the activities is in excess of the limits prescribed under 2nd proviso to section 2(15) and not take the entire receipts from such activities for determination of complying with the 2nd proviso to section 2(15), as per the decision of the Apex Court. The AO and CIT(A) has disallowed depreciation claimed by the Appellant on the ground that the investments depreciable capital assets have been allowed as deduction in the year of investment and hence granting depreciation on the same assets would amount to double deduction. This issue has been considered by various High Courts and decided in favour of the Assessees. The Supreme Court has held that profits of the Trust should be determined on a commercial basis and depreciation should be allowed as a deduction till amendment to sec11(6) w.e.f1.4.2015.