THE COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX vs. HYDROFLEX EQUIPMENT and ANR

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TXA/40/2002HC BombayHCBM05002337200208 February 2005Author: A. P. LAVANDE,N. A. BRITTO9 pages
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What did the High Court hold?

The High Court decided the appeals separately for each assessment year. For AY 1997-98, the Court held that the ITAT was not right in concluding there was a reasonable cause for non-payment of taxes. It found that, as held by the Assessing Officer and CIT(A), there was no material placed before them to show sufficient cause. The Court did not accept the assessee's affidavit stating evidence was presented to the Tribunal, as it contradicted the CIT(A)'s order and was not mentioned in the ITAT's order. Therefore, Tax Appeal No. 40 of 2002 was allowed, restoring the orders of the Assessing Officer and CIT(A). For AY 1996-97, the Court found that the Chief Commissioner of Income Tax had extended the time for payment of tax until March 31, 1998. The Court held that the Revenue's argument that the CCIT lacked authority to grant this extension was untenable. The Court reasoned that the CCIT's act of granting time indicated satisfaction of good and sufficient reasons, making the Assessing Officer's show cause notice dated October 16, 1997, premature. Consequently, Tax Appeal No. 39 of 2002 was dismissed, setting aside the orders of the Assessing Officer and CIT(A) for AY 1996-97, with liberty to the Assessing Officer to issue a fresh show cause notice.

What were the facts?

These appeals by the Commissioner of Income Tax (Revenue) challenge orders of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) concerning penalties levied under Section 221(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, for assessment years 1996-97 and 1997-98. The penalties were imposed by the Assessing Officer (Joint Commissioner of Income Tax) on Hydroflex Equipment Ltd. (assessee) for non-payment of self-assessment tax. For AY 1997-98, the assessee filed a revised return on March 31, 1998, declaring an income of Rs. 21,36,790 and tax of Rs. 12,56,595, which was not paid. For AY 1996-97, the assessee declared an income of Rs. 30,79,150 with tax of Rs. 23,40,650 due on September 3, 1997. The assessee sought time to pay, which was refused by the Assessing Officer. The ITAT had ruled in favour of the assessee in both cases, finding a reasonable cause for non-payment.

What were the issues?

1. Whether, on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the finding of the ITAT that the assessee has a reasonable cause in not paying the tax is based on any material evidence on record? (Question of law and fact, concerning Section 221(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961). Assessee's contentions (as inferred from the ITAT's reasoning and the High Court's discussion): - The ITAT held that the non-payment of instalments granted by the Chief Commissioner of Income Tax (CCIT) did not negate a reasonable cause and supported the assessee's financial constraints. The ITAT also found that the CCIT's grant of stay until March 31, 1998, indicated a reasonable cause for non-payment. Revenue's contentions: - The Revenue argued that the ITAT's finding of reasonable cause was not based on material evidence. The Assessing Officer and the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) had found no evidence to support the assessee's claim of financial difficulty or reasonable cause for non-payment. The Revenue also contended that the CCIT had no authority to extend the time for payment of tax.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 221(1),Section 260A,Section 143(1)(a),Section 220(2)

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
1 IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY AT GOA TAX APPEAL NOS. 39 AND 40 OF 2002 Commissioner of Income Tax, having office at Aayakar Bhavan Patto  Plaza, Panaji­Goa.                               ... Appellant versus 1. Hydroflex Equipment Ltd., Pajifond, Margao. 2. The Income Tax Appellate Tribunal Panaji Bench, Aayakar Bhavan, Patto Plaza, Panaji, Goa.                            ... Respondents Mr. S. R. Rivonkar, Advocate for the Appellant. None for the Respondent.                                                                   CORAM :  A. P. LAVANDE &                                                                                 N. A. BRITTO, JJ.                                                                 DATE    :  8TH FEBRUARY,2005

ORAL JUDGMENT(PER N.A.BRITTO, J.) These appeals are filed under Section 260­A of the Income Tax Act, 1961(the Act, for short) and were admitted on a substantial question of 2 law, common in both, which reads as follows:­ “Whether   on   the   facts   and   in   the circumstances of the case, the finding of the ITAT that the assessee has a reasonable cause in not paying the tax is based on any material  evidence on record?”

2.

Since  the  substantial  question  of  law framed is common in both the appeals, we propose to decide the same by this common Judgment. That apart, the Income Tax   Appellate Tribunal, Panaji Bench, (ITAT, for short)  has also decided the same by a common Order dated 31­10­2001. 3. The  Respondent No.1(assessee, for short) has chosen  not to contest  these  appeals.  Both  these  appeals arise from the Orders passed by   the  Assessing  Officer (Joint Commissioner  of  Income  Tax)  dated 17­12­1998 under Section 221(1) of the Act.     The Tax Appeal No.39 of 2002 pertains to penalty levied by the said Assessing Officer in the sum of Rs.2,50,000/­ for the assessment year 1996­97 while Tax Appeal No.40 of 2002 pertains to penalty levied for the assessment year 1997­98. 4. Since the facts are slightly dissimilar, we proceed to deal with Tax Appeal No.40 of 2002, first.  In this case, the assessee filed a return of income(for the   year 1997­98) declaring nil income on 29­1­1998 which 3 was processed under Section 143(1)(a) on 10­2­1998 with no adjustments. Later,   the   assessee   filed   a   revised   return   declaring   an   income   of Rs.21,36,790/­  on 31­3­1998 and the tax payable as per this return was Rs.12,56,595/­, being the self assessment tax. This tax was not paid and as a result the Assessing Officer issued a Show Cause Notice dated 23­4­1998 under Section 221(1) of the Act.  In reply to the said Show Cause Notice, the  assessee requested for time but the same was refused by letter dated 13­5­1998. The Assessing Officer, therefore, found that the assessee was in default in payment of tax on the income declared by it and, therefore, proceeded to levy a penalty of Rs.2,25,000/­. The  assessee  filed  an appeal to the Commissioner of Income Tax(Appeals) and the said appeal was disposed of by Order dated 12­3­1999. In disposing of the said appeal, the Commissioner of Income Tax came to the conclusion that there was no evidence, to support the submissions made, which was brought to the notice of the Assessing Officer in response to the said Show Cause Notice.   The said Commissioner further observed that even in the course of appellate proceedings the assessee had failed to furnish any evidence whatsoever in that regard and the assessee also did not furnish the balance­sheet of the assessee­Company to support the plea regarding financial difficulty and, therefore, proceeded to dismiss the appeal observing that there was no material before him to infer that there was genuine reasonable cause for the default in question.

4

5.

The  assessee  then  approached the  ITAT  and  the  ITAT  by its common  Order dated 31­10­2001 stated that the Assessing Officer, the CCIT(A) and the Tribunal were fact finding authorities, in seriatim, and that the  non payment of instalments granted by the CCIT would not lead to the conclusion that the assessee had no reasonable cause and the said acts supported the financial constraints of the assessee.  It further held that the very act of the CCIT   granted stay till 31­3­1998 itself showed that there was  reasonable cause on the part of the assessee for non payment of taxes.

6.

Section 221 of the Act deals with penalty payable when tax is in default.  It  reads as follows:­ “Section   221(1)   ­   When   an assessee   is   in   default   or     is deemed   to   be   in   default   in making   a   payment   of   tax,   he shall, in addition to the amount of the arrears and the amount of interest   payable   under   sub­ section   (2)   of   Section   220,   be liable, by way of penalty, to pay such   amount   as   the   Assessing Officer   may   direct,   and   in   the case of a continuing default, such further   amount   or   amounts   as the Assesssing Officer may, from time to time, direct, so, however, that the total amount of penalty does not exceed the amount of tax in arrears:­

5 Provided that before levying any   such   penalty,   the   assessee shall   be   given   a   reasonable opportunity of being heard: Provided further that where the   assessee   proves   to   the satisfaction of   the   Assessing Oficer that  the default was for good and sufficient reasons, no penalty shall be levied under the section. The explanation below the above   proviso   –   (1)   For   the removal   of   doubt,   it   is   hereby declared   that   an   assessee   shall not   cease   to   be   liable   to   any penalty   under   this   sub­section merely by reason of the fact that before the levy of such penalty he has paid the tax. (2) Where as a result of any final order   the   amount   of   tax,   with respect   to   the   default   in   the payment   of   which   the   penalty was   levied,   has   been   wholly reduced, the penalty levied shall be cancelled and the amount of penalty paid shall be refunded”.

7.

Admittedly, the Show Cause Notices in  this case (Tax Appeal No.40/2002) was issued by the Assessing Officer on 23­4­1998. In this  case the assessee informed the Assessing Officer by letter dated 29­4­1998 that its Manager was hospitalised and sought time of 45 days. However, the 6 Assessing Officer by his letter dated 13­5­1998 rejected the request for both assessment years 1996­97 and 1997­98. The assessee took no further steps to approach any higher authorities nor showed any cause against the said Show Cause Notice.  As far as this case is concerned, in our view the ITAT was not right in coming to the conclusion that there was reasonable cause on the part of the  assessee for the non payment of taxes. As rightly held by the Assessing Officer as well as the Commissioner of Income Tax(Appeals) there was no material placed before the Assessing Officer or for that matter before   the   Commissioner   of   Income   Tax(Appeals)   that   there   was   any sufficient cause for the non payment of the tax payable. Although, the assessee in his Affidavit before this Court has stated that before the Tribunal the   entire   evidence   regarding   the   precarious   financial   position   of   the Company  was  explained  along with  supporting  documents, we  are  not inclined to accept the said statement because it is contrary to what the Commissioner of Income Tax(Appeals) has stated in his Order and there is total silence as regards the same in the Order of the  ITAT.  No extension of time was granted to the assessee in this case.

8.

However, the facts,   as far as Tax Appeal No.39 of 2002 is concerned are slightly different.  In this case the assessee  filed  return  on 3­9­1997 declaring total income of Rs.30,79,150/­ on which tax payable was Rs.23,40,650/­ and due date for payment of the same was 3­9­1997. By 7 letter   dated   11­11­1997   the   assessee   sought   time   to   pay   the   same   in instalments and the same was refused by the Assessing Officer by letter dated   4­12­1997. On   the   same   day   the   assessee   paid   a   sum   of Rs.2.25,000/­ towards the tax and again on 5­12­1997 paid another sum of Rs.2.75,000/­   and   thus   Rs.5,00,000/­   in   all.   Although,   the   Deputy Commissioner by another letter dated 13­5­1998 rejected the request of the assessee for the grant of time for payment of taxes for both the years, it appears that the assessee approached the Chief Commissioner of Income Tax, Bangalore with a request to extend time for the payment of taxes and the said Chief Commissioner of Income Tax by his letter dated 12­2­1998 was pleased to extend  the time  to  pay  the  tax  for  the assessment year 1996­97 until 31­3­1998. When this position was brought to the notice of Mr. S. R. Rivonkar, the learned  Counsel for the Commissioner of Income Tax, he has submitted that the Chief Commissioner of Income Tax had no authority to extend the time for the payment of the tax.  In our view, it does not lie in the mouth of the Commissioner of Income Tax(Appellant herein) to say that his own Chief Commissioner of Income Tax had no authority to extend the time for the payment of the said tax.  In our view, the very act of the Chief Commissioner of Income Tax in granting  time to the assessee till 31­3­1998 showed that there was a reasonable cause on the part of the assessee for the non payment of the taxes in time.  In other words, the Chief Commissioner   of   Income   Tax   was   satisfied   that   there   were   good   and 8 sufficient reasons that imposing of penalty was to be postponed at least until 31­3­1998 and being so, the Assessing Officer  would have been  justified  in issuing a Show Cause Notice only after 31­3­1998 and not  prior to the said date i.e. to say 16­10­1997. The said Show Cause Notice   was therefore premature and the action taken thereon, therefore, could not be sustained in law.  In our view, the ITAT was right in allowing the appeal  holding that the assessee had not committed default to warrant institution of penalty proceedings as far as the assessment year 1996­97 is concerned.

9.

Although, the assessee initially contested these appeals by filing an Affidavit, subsequently the assessee's Counsel Mr. E. P. Badrinarayan withdrew his appearance and at this time, Mr. Badrinarayan undertook to inform the assessee about his withdrawal.   Accordingly,   the Managing Director of the assessee was duly notified but the Managing Director by his application dated 3­1­2005 informed the Court that he is no more the Managing Director of the assessee. The assessee was lastly served by pasting a notice on the main shutter of the assessee's Office, and, yet none appeared on behalf of the assessee  at the hearing of these appeals.

10.

For     the     reasons     stated     hereinabove,       the       Order dated     31­10­2001   of   the   ITAT   requires   to   be   partly   disturbed. Consequently,   we   allow   Tax   Appeal   No.40 of 2002 and restore the 9 Orders dated 17­12­1998 and 12­3­1999 of the Assessing Officer and the Commissioner of Income Tax(Appeals) respectively,   for   the assessment year 1997­98. Tax Appeal No.39 of 2002 is dismissed and consequently, the Orders dated 17­12­1998 and 12­3­1999 of the Assessing Officer and the Commissioner of Income Tax(Appeals) for the assessment year 1996­97 are hereby set aside, with no order as to costs.  The Assessing Officer would be free to issue a fresh Show Cause Notice for the assessment year 1996­97 in case the assessee is still sought to be penalised under Section 221(1) of the Act. A. P. LAVANDE, J. N. A. BRITTO, J. RD.

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