LATE SHRI DINESH N SHAH THROUGH LHR AND LR INDIRA DINESH SHAH vs. ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX 27 (1) , MUMBAI AND ORS

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WP/3321/2022HC BombayHCBM01011451202228 March 2022Author: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE K.R. SHRIRAM,HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE N. R. BORKAR2 pages
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What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that a notice issued to a dead person is not valid. The Court found that the JAO's argument that there was no communication from the legal heirs intimating the death was contradictory to the JAO's own statement acknowledging that the legal heir had filed the return for AY 2020-21 on February 22, 2021, thereby owning up as the legal heir of the deceased. The Court reasoned that if the JAO was aware of the legal heir filing a return on February 22, 2021, it was inexplicable how a notice could still be issued on March 31, 2021, to a deceased person. The principle established is that notices under Section 148 must be issued to living assessees, and issuance to a deceased individual renders the notice void ab initio. The petition was allowed, quashing the impugned notice and subsequent orders.

What were the facts?

The petitioner, legal heirs of the deceased Late Shri Dinesh N Shah, challenged a notice dated March 31, 2021, issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, for Assessment Year 2014-15. The deceased had passed away on July 11, 2020. The Jurisdictional Assessing Officer (JAO) contended that the notice was served via email to an address appearing in prior returns, and that the legal heirs had not intimated the death or objected. The JAO also noted that a legal heir had filed the return for AY 2020-21 on February 22, 2021, acknowledging their status. The petitioner argued that a notice issued to a dead person is invalid, and questioned how the JAO could issue a notice to a deceased individual after acknowledging the legal heir's filing.

What were the issues?

1. Whether a notice issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, to a deceased assessee is valid, particularly when the legal heirs have subsequently filed a return of income for a later assessment year. Assessee's Contentions: The assessee argued that a notice issued to a dead person is inherently invalid. They relied on the High Court's consistent view that such notices are not valid, citing the case of Raniben Khimji Patel Vs. The Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax & Ors. They further contended that the JAO's own admission of the legal heir filing a return for AY 2020-21 on February 22, 2021, knowing the assessee was deceased, made the subsequent notice dated March 31, 2021, to the deceased illogical and invalid. Revenue's Contentions: The revenue, through the JAO's letter, argued that the notice was served by email to the address on record and that there was no communication from the legal heirs intimating the death or objecting to the reopening. They pointed out that the legal heir had filed the return for AY 2020-21, thereby acknowledging their status as legal heir of the deceased.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 148

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

1/2 967-wp-3321-22.doc IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION WRIT PETITION NO.3321 OF 2022 Late Shri Dinesh N Shah through Legal Heirs ….Petitioner V/s. Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax 27(1) & ors. …Respondents ---- Mr. Paras S. Savla a/w Mr. Harsh R. Shah for Petitioner Mr. Suresh Kumar for Respondents ---- CORAM : K.R. SHRIRAM & N.R. BORKAR, JJ

DATED : 28th MARCH 2022 P.C. : 1 Petitioner is impugning a notice dated 31st March 2021 issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act 1961 (the said Act) for A.Y.-2014-15. Petitioner’s case is that notice has been issued to a dead person namely; Dinesh N Shah, who expired on 11th July 2020. 2 Mr. Suresh Kumar sought further time to file a reply and take instructions. In our view, from the order on objections itself we can dispose the petition. The Jurisdictional Assessing Officer (JAO) in his letter dated 4th March 2022 responded to petitioner’s objections and has stated as under: “It is pertinent to note that the notice u/s 148 of the Act 1961 was served by e-mail on 31-03-2021 showing the status as “delivered”. The e-mail to which notice was sent is clients@skrambhia.com which is the email appearing in the e-filed return for A.Y. 2014-15 as well as return filed in A.Y. 2020-21. Responses to the e-proceedings have been received from this mail. There was no communication to this office from the legal heir of the assessee intimating the death of the assessee or objection to the reopening in A.Y. 2014-15. In fact the legal heir of the assessee had e-filed return of income for A.Y.- 2020- 21 in ITR 3 on 22.02.2021, with total income of Rs.38,56,630/- thereby owning up as legal heir of the assessee, late Shri Dinesh N Shah bearing PAN: AAGPS6923A.” Meera Jadhav MEERA MAHESH JADHAV MEERA MAHESH JADHAV Date: 2022.03.31 14:35:18 +0530

2/2 967-wp-3321-22.doc 3 Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax & Ors. 4 Moreover, though, JAO states that there was no communication from the legal heirs of the assessee intimating the death of the assessee, a) that would not make a invalid notice valid, b) that in the next sentence JAO admits that the death of the assessee has been communicated, because he says “in fact the legal heirs of the assessee has e-filed return of income for A.Y.-2020-21………… thereby owning up as legal heir of the assessee, Late Shri Dinesh N Shah……….”. We fail to understand if, on 22nd February 2021 admittedly legal heir of the assessee had filed e-return of income to the knowledge of the JAO, how did he still issue a notice on 31st March 2021 to a dead person. 5 In the circumstances, petition is allowed in terms of prayer clause (a) which reads as under: “(a) that this Hon’ble Court be pleased to issue a Writ of Certiorari or any other appropriate writ, order or direction in the nature of certiorari under Article 226 of the Constitution of India calling for all papers and proceedings under Section 148 of the petitoner’s case for the assessment year 2014-15, and after examining the validity, legality and propriety thereof, quash and set aside the impugned notice dated 31-03-2021, order/letter dated 21-01-2022 and order/letter dated 04- 03-2022.”

6 Petition disposed. (N. R. BORKAR, J.) (K.R. SHRIRAM, J.) Meera Jadhav

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