THE COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX - 18, MUMBAI vs. M/S. RACHNA UDHOG
What did the High Court hold?
The High Court held that the judgment of the Tribunal allowing deduction under Section 80IB in respect of Duty Drawback, Export Entitlement, and DEPB license could not be sustained in view of the Supreme Court's decision in Liberty India V/s. CIT. Therefore, the Tribunal's order to this extent was set aside. However, regarding the difference in the rate of exchange, the Court held that it is liable to be allowed under Section 80IB. The Court reasoned that exchange rate fluctuation arises out of and is directly related to the sale transaction involving the export of goods of the industrial undertaking. The difference arises purely as a result of fluctuation in the rate of exchange between the date of export and the date of receipt of proceeds, with no variation in the sale price under the contract. This view was consistent with a Division Bench of the same Court in Syntel Limited. The Tribunal's judgment was affirmed concerning the exchange rate difference. The appeal was disposed of, and the question of law was answered accordingly.
What were the facts?
The appeal by the Revenue concerns Assessment Year 2002-2003, arising from an Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) order dated October 14, 2008. The dispute centers on the assessee's claim for deduction under Section 80IB of the Income Tax Act, 1961, in respect of incentives totaling Rs. 1.17 crores. These incentives comprised Duty Drawback (Rs. 81.51 lacs), Export Entitlement (Rs. 8.29 lacs), DEPB licence (Rs. 14.76 lacs), and Exchange Rate Difference (Rs. 13.22 lacs). The ITAT had allowed the deduction for all these items. The High Court admitted the appeal on a substantial question of law regarding whether these incentives were derived from the industrial undertaking.
What were the issues?
1. Whether, on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was justified in law in allowing the claim of deduction under Section 80IB in respect of incentives received, which were not actually derived from the industrial undertaking? Assessee's Contention: The assessee argued that the exchange rate fluctuation forms part of the sale proceeds eligible for deduction under Section 80IB, as it was directly related to the business of the industrial undertaking. Export invoices were in US dollar terms, and the rupee equivalent of sale proceeds varied due to foreign exchange rate fluctuations between the date of export and the date of receipt. This fluctuation was a book entry to reflect the correct rupee equivalent of the goods exported. Revenue's Contention: The Revenue's argument, as implied by the substantial question of law, was that the incentives, specifically Duty Drawback, Export Entitlement, and DEPB licence, were not derived from the industrial undertaking. The judgment does not explicitly record the Revenue's specific arguments on exchange rate difference.
Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?
AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below
Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
ORAL JUDGMENT (Per Dr.D.Y. Chandrachud, J.) :
The appeal by the revenue arises out of the judgment of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal dated 14th October 2008 pertaining to assessment years CNR No : HCBM020073052009 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 07:58:12
2 20022003 and 20032004. The present appeal relates to assessment year 20022003. 2. The appeal is admitted on the following substantial question of law : “Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was justified in law in confirming the order of learned CIT (A) in allowing the claim of deduction u/s 80IB in respect of incentives received of Rs.1.17 crores (consisting of Duty Drawback of Rs.81.51 lacs, Export Entitlement of Rs.8.29 lacs, Rs.14.76 lacs being DEPB licence and Exchange rate difference of Rs.13.22 lac) which were not actually derived from industrial undertaking ?
The question in the appeal is as to whether the tribunal has committed an error in allowing a claim of deduction under Section 80IB in respect of certain specific incentives namely (1) Duty Drawback; (2) Export Entitlement; (3) DEPB licence, and (4) Exchange Rate difference. In so far as the first three items are concerned, the judgment of the tribunal cannot be sustained in view of the law declared by the Supreme Court in Liberty India V/s. CIT, (2009) 317 ITR 218 (SC). This position is not in dispute before us. In the circumstances, the judgment of the tribunal to the extent to which it holds that the deduction under Section 80IB was allowable in respect of duty draw back, export entitlement and DEPB license would have to be set aside.
However, in so far as the question of difference in the rate of exchange is concerned, the submission of the assessee before the assessing officer was that exchange rate fluctuation forms part of the sale proceeds eligible for deduction u/s. 80IB. According to the assessee, the receipt was directly related to the process of carrying on the business of the industrial undertaking. The export invoices were Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 07:58:12
3 made in US $ terms. When the sale proceeds of goods exported are received in India in convertible foreign exchange, the rupee equivalent of the sale proceeds is liable to vary consequent upon the fluctuation in the rate of foreign exchange between the date when the goods are exported and the date on which the sale proceeds are received in India. In other words, it was the contention of the assessee that the value of the goods exported remains the same but the rupee equivalent is liable to vary due to fluctuation in the rate of foreign exchange. Consequently, a book entry is made in order to ensure that the rupee equivalent of the value of the goods exported out of India is correctly reflected in the books of account, since the books are maintained in rupee terms.
Having heard the learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant and learned counsel appearing for the assessee, we are of the view that the difference on account of exchange rate fluctuation is liable to be allowed under Section 80IB. The exchange rate fluctuation arises out of and is directly related to the sale transaction involving the export of goods of the industrial undertaking. The exchange rate fluctuation between the rupee equivalent of the value of the goods exported and the actual receipts which are realized arises on account of the sale transaction. The difference arises purely as a result of a fluctuation in the rate of exchange between the date of export and the date of receipt of proceeds, since there is no variation in the sale price under the contract. The view which we have taken is also consistent with the view taken by a Division Bench of this Court on 15th December 2009 in the case of Syntel Limited (Income Tax Appeal Nos.1974, 1976 and 1978 of 2009). In the circumstances, we would affirm the judgment of the tribunal in so far as the question of exchange rate fluctuation is concerned. Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 07:58:12
4
In the circumstances, following the judgment of the Supreme Court in Liberty India (supra), we set aside the judgment of the tribunal in so far as the tribunal has allowed the claim of deduction under Section 80IB in respect of (1) duty draw back; (2) export entitlement; and (3) DEPB license. The judgment of the tribunal is affirmed in so far as the claim of deduction under the head of exchange rate difference is concerned. The appeal shall accordingly stand disposed of and the question of law stands answered accordingly. There shall be no order as to costs. (J.P. Devadhar, J.) (Dr.D.Y. Chandrachud, J.) Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 07:58:12 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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