AVENTIS PHARMA LTD. AND ANR. vs. THE ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX 8(1), MUMBAI AND 2 ORS.

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WP/877/2006HC Bombay17 September 2014Author: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE M.S. SANKLECHA, HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE NITIN JAMDAR10 pages
AI SummaryAllowed

What did the High Court hold?

The Court allowed both petitions, setting aside the notices issued under Section 148 for AY 1998-99 and 1999-2000, and consequently, the orders rejecting the assessee's objections. The Court held that the reasons recorded for issuing the notices did not disclose any failure on the part of the assessee to disclose truly and fully all material facts necessary for assessment. The Court emphasized that the reasons for reopening must be tested as recorded at the time of issuing the notice, and subsequent affidavits or orders cannot substitute or add to these reasons. The Court found that the notices were based solely on a CBDT circular, which is merely an interpretation and not a basis for forming a reasonable belief of escaped assessment. Furthermore, the Court noted that the Apex Court's decision in Topman Exports (supra), which covered the issue in favor of the assessee, would apply even to notices issued earlier, as courts declare existing law. Therefore, proceeding with reassessment would serve no purpose as the issue was concluded in favor of the assessee.

What were the facts?

The assessee, Aventis Pharma Limited, filed writ petitions challenging notices issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, to reopen assessments for AY 1998-99 and 1999-2000. The notices were issued on February 2nd and 3rd, 2005. The assessee had claimed deduction under Section 80HHC on DEPB receipts. The original assessment orders were passed on February 28th, 2001. The assessee objected to the reopening, arguing it was beyond four years and based on a change of opinion. The Assessing Officer rejected these objections by orders dated March 10th, 2006. The core dispute revolves around the validity of these reopening notices.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the notices issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, for AY 1998-99 and 1999-2000 are without jurisdiction as they were issued beyond a period of four years from the end of the relevant assessment year, without alleging any failure on the part of the assessee to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for assessment? Assessee's arguments: - The notices were issued beyond the four-year period without any allegation of failure to disclose material facts, rendering them without jurisdiction. - The notices were based on a mere change of opinion, as the Section 80HHC deduction claim was already examined and enhanced in the original assessment. - The reasons for reopening relied solely on a CBDT Circular dated September 8th, 2004, which is an interpretation and not a basis for reopening. - The issue is concluded by the Apex Court's decision in Topman Exports (supra). Revenue's arguments: - There was a failure on the part of the assessee to disclose material facts, as stated in the affidavit in reply, regarding the utilization or sale of DEPB entitlements and their actual receipt. - The decision in Topman Exports (supra) should be ignored as it was rendered after the notices were issued, and the notices should be tested on the law as it stood then.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 148,Section 147,Section 80HHC,Section 143(3),Section 28(iv)

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

wp-877-878-2006

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURI ICTION WRIT PETITION NO. 877 OF 2006 WITH WRIT PETITION NO.878 OF 2006 Aventis Pharma Limited ] (formerly Hoechst India Ltd)  a limited       ] company incorporated under the Companies] Act, 1956 and having its registered office at ] Aventis House, 54/A, Sir Mathuradas ] Vassanji Road, Andheri (East), Mumbai ] 400 093. ] .. Petitioner. V/s. 1 The Assistant Commissioner of ] Income Tax 8(1), Mumbai having his ] office at Room No.210/262B,Aayakar] Bhavan, M.K. Road,Mumbai 400 020.] 2 The Commissioner of Income Tax, ] Mumbai City VIII, having his office at] 2nd Floor, Aayakar Bhavan, M.K.Road,] Mumbai 400 020. ] 3 Union of India ] Aayakar Bhavan, M. K. Road, ] Mumbai 400 020. ] .. Respondents. Mr. J. D.Mistry, Sr. Advocate with Mr. Sachin Kudalkar i/b. M/s. Madekar & Co., for the Petitioner in both the matters. Mr. Arvind Pinto i/b. Mr. Suresh Kumar, for the Respondents, in both the matters. S.R.JOSHI 1 of 10 CNR No : HCBM020063272006 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-877-878-2006 CORAM:  M.S.SANKLECHA, & N.M.JAMDAR, JJ. DATE    :  17th SEPTEMBER, 2014. JUDGMENT (Per M. S. Sanklecha, J.):­ Both these two Petitions under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, challenge:­ (a) Notices dated 2nd February, 2005 and 3rd February, 2005 both issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the Act), seeking to re­open the assessment for the Assessment Years (A.Y.) 1999­2000 and 1998­1999 respectively; and (b) Two orders dated 10th March, 2006 (one for each assessment year) rejecting the Petitioners objections to the issue of the impugned notices dated 2nd and 3rd February, 2005 for A.Y. 1998­99 and 1999­ 2000. 2 It is  an admitted position between the parties that the facts and the issues involved in both the Petitions are identical, save and except change in the quantum of figures being different in two Assessment Years involved. Therefore, for the sake of convenience, we shall refer to the facts stated in Writ Petition No.877 of 2006 relating to A. Y. 1998­99 which are as under:­ (a) The Petitioner, inter alia, carried on business of export. In the course of its business of export, it became entitled to Duty Entitlement Passbook   Scheme   (DEPB)   benefit   under   the   Export   and   Import Policy of India and also the benefit of deduction under Section 80HHC of the Act; S.R.JOSHI 2 of 10 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-877-878-2006 (b) On 30th November, 1998, the Petitioner filed its Return of Income for the A. Y. 1998­99 declaring a total income of Rs.30.73 Crores. In its Return of Income, Petitioner claimed benefit of deduction under Section 80HHC of the Act to the extent of Rs.9.13 Crores; (c) On 28th February, 2001, the Assessing Officer passed an assessment order under Section 143(3) of the Act, determining the Petitioner's income   at   Rs.63.04   Crores.   This   after   enhancing   the   deduction from Rs.9.13 Crores to Rs.14.63 Crores under Section 80HHC of the Act; (d) On 3rd  February, 2005, the Assessing Officer issued the impugned notice   under   Section   148   of   the   Act,   seeking   to   re­open   the assessment  for A. Y. 1998 ­ 1999. The  reasons  in  support  of the impugned notice dated 3rd February, 2005 are as under:­ “ The assessee has filed return of income on 30.11.1998 disclosing   gross   total   income   of   Rs.30.37   crores.   Further, deduction u/s. 80HHC amounting to Rs.9,13,06,349/­ has been claimed. On perusal of the 10CCAC report furnished along with the return of income, it is observed that the assessee has claimed deduction u/s. 80HHC on DEPB receipts of Rs.6,26,72,241/­. The assessee treated the DEPB receipts as a part of the export incentives and claimed the deduction u/s. 80HHC on the same. 2 It   is   observed   that   in   the   assessment   order,   the   issue whether the assessee is entitled to claim deduction u/s. 80HHC on DEPB receipts or not, was not dealt. 3 DEPB receipts are covered u/s. 28(iv) of the I.T. Act.  In this regard,   the Central Board of Direct Taxes vide its Circular Vide F. No.153/93/2004/TPL dated 08.09.2004 has stated as under:­ “ It has been concluded that section 80HHC provides for deduction from the total income in respect of profits derived from the export of goods or merchandise which are realized in S.R.JOSHI 3 of 10 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-877-878-2006 convertible foreign exchange and not in respect of incidental income arising through a Government Scheme.   Further, the elaborate scheme of computation of the deduction provided u/s. 80HHC(3) of the I. T. Act does not cover profit on sale of DEPB credits.   Such profits are therefore, not eligible for deduction under Section 80HHC.” 4 Therefore, in view of the circular of the CBDT, the assessee is not entitled to claim deduction u/s. 80HHC on the DEPB receipts. 5 In view of the above, I am satisfied that the income has escaped assessment to the extent of Rs.1,15,24.463/­ within the meaning of provision of section 147 of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The tax effect comes to Rs.40,33,562/­. 6 Hence, notice u/s. 148 of the I.T. Act, 1961 is required to be issued after taking approval of the Commissioner of Income Tax­8, Mumbai.” (SUJIT KUMAR) Asst. Commissioner of Income Tax 8(1) Mumbai. (e) The Petitioner filed its objections on 3rd March, 2006 to the reasons furnished for re­opening of the Assessment for A. Y. 1998­99. In particular, the Petitioner pointed out that the impugned notice was issued beyond a period of four years from the end of the relevant Assessment Year. Thus the condition precedent to issue a notice under   Section   148   of   the   Act   is   not   satisfied,   as   the   reasons furnished do not disclose any failure on the part of the Petitioner to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for assessment. Besides,   it   was   submitted   that     the   claim   for   deduction   under Section 80HHC of the Act with reference to the DEPB entitlement, was a subject matter of examination while passing the Assessment Order dated 28th February, 2001. Thus, the exercise of re­opening the Assessment was  on  mere  change of opinion.  It was, therefore, S.R.JOSHI 4 of 10 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-877-878-2006 submitted that the notice was without juri iction and same be withdrawn; (f) However, the Assessing Officer by an order dated 10th March, 2006, rejected the Petitioner's   objections   to   reasons   for   re­opening   of Assessments.   The   Assessing   Office   held   that,   prima   facie,   it appears that the Petitioner had failed to disclose fully and truly all details of the nature, character and the modus of earning DEPB entitlement in its  return of income. 3 The Petitioner's challenge to the above proceedings for re­ opening of assessments for A. Y. 1998­99 and 1999­2000 is that, the same are without juri iction. 4 Mr.   J.   D.   Mistry,   learned   Sr.   Counsel   appearing   with   Mr. Kudalkar, for the Petitioner in support, submits as under:­ (a) The impugned notice dated 2nd and 3rd February, 2005, seeking to re­open   the   assessment   for   A.   Y.   1999­2000   and   1998­99 respectively, have been issued beyond a period of four years from the end of the relevant Assessment Year without alleging any failure on the part of the Petitioner to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for assessment. Thus both the notices are without juri iction; (b) The impugned notices are based on mere change of opinion as the Petitioner's claim for deduction under Section 80HHC of the Act was examined and enhanced from Rs.9.13 Crores as claimed to Rs.14.63   Crores.   Therefore,   the   impugned   notices   are   without juri iction as it amounts to a mere change of opinion; S.R.JOSHI 5 of 10 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-877-878-2006 (c) The   reasons   recorded   for   issue   of   the   impugned   notices   only indicates the Circular dated 8th September, 2004 issued by CBDT as the basis for the impugned notices. The Circular merely gives an interpretation of the CBDT on Section 80HHC (3)of the Act that the deduction provided therein would not   cover   profit on sale of DEPB credit. It is submitted that the opinion/ interpretation of a statutory provisions by the CBDT can not be the basis for re­opening of assessment as the view has to be of the Assessing Officer on material not considered earlier; and (d) In   any   view   of   the   matter,   the   issue   on   merits   now   stands concluded by the decision of the Apex Court in  Topman Exports v/s. Commissioner of Income Tax (2012) 342 ITR 49 in favour of the Petitioner. Consequently, the entire exercise of re­assessment proceedings would be an academic exercise in view of the law declared by the  Supreme Court in Topman Exports (supra). 5 As against the above, Mr. Pinto, learned Counsel appearing for Respondent­Revenue in support of the impugned notices submit as under:­ (a) There has been a failure on the part of the Petitioner to disclose fully   and   truly   all   material   facts   necessary   for   the   assessment, inasmuch as, the nature and character of the DEPB entitlements had not been disclosed during the assessment proceeding.   Therefore, the impugned notices are valid; and (b) The fact that the decision of the Supreme Court in Topman Exports (supra) would conclude the issue in favour of the Petitioner today is S.R.JOSHI 6 of 10 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-877-878-2006 not disputed.  However, it is submitted that the same is not material as on the date when the impugned notices were issued, the decision of the Supreme Court in Topman Exports (supra) was  not available. Therefore, on the date the impugned notices were issued on the basis of reasons recorded, in support thereof, they  were valid. Thus, the impugned notices should not be disturbed and the Petitioner be directed to cooperate with the re­assessment sought to be done by the Respondent­Revenue. 6 Both the impugned notices for A. Y. 1998­99 and 1999­2000 have admittedly been issued beyond a period of four years from the end of the relevant Assessment Year. The statutory juri ictional condition as provided in the proviso to Section 147 of the Act to be satisfied before issuing a notice beyond a period of four years from the end of the relevant Assessment Year, is failure on the part of the Petitioner to disclose truly and fully all material facts necessary for assessment.  We searched in vain for any averment in the reasons in support of the impugned notices, any facts which would indicate failure on the part of the Petitioner to submit truly and fully all material facts necessary for claiming the benefit of deduction under Section 80HHC of the Act in respect of DEPB receipts. All that the reasons in support of the impugned notices state is that the Petitioner's claim to deduction under Section 80HHC of the Act on DEPB receipts, was not dealt with in the Assessment Order. 7 Mr.   Pinto,   learned   Counsel   appearing   for   Respondent­ Revenue urged that there was a failure on the part of the Petitioner and in support thereof places reliance upon the affidavit in reply dated 7th April, 2006 filed by the Assessing Officer.  In the affidavit, it is stated that the S.R.JOSHI 7 of 10 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-877-878-2006 assessee   had   failed   to   disclose   whether   the   CBDT   entitlements   were utilized in business against import or sold in the market at the premium. The affidavit  further alleges  that  the  Petitioner  has  failed  to  disclose whether the DEPB entitlements on which the deduction was claimed was in fact received from the Directorate General of Foreign Trade or merely claimed on the basis of notional entitlement. Thus, it is submitted that there is a failure to disclose truly and fully all material facts necessary for assessment. 8 Our Court has time and again reiterated the view expressed in    Hindustan   Lever  Ltd.   v/s.   R.B.   Wadkar,  Asst.   Commissioner   of Income Tax & Others­ 268­ITR 332, that the reasons for re­opening of an assessment are required to be tested/examined as recorded at the time of issuing of notice under Section 148 of the Act.  No substitution, deletion or addition to the reasons recorded at the time of issuing notice can be made to support the impugned notices either by affidavit or in the order disposing of objections. The re­opening notices would stand or fall by the reasons recorded at the time when the notices were issued. Therefore, the reliance being placed upon by the Respondent­Revenue on the affidavit in reply and/or the order dated 10th March, 2010 rejecting  the objections to allege   that   there   is   a   failure   to   disclose   details   cannot   support   the impugned notices. Thus  the submission of Mr. Pinto that there is a failure on the part of the Petitioner to disclose truly and fully all material facts necessary for assessment cannot be accepted. 9 Further, the impugned notice have been issued as recorded in reasons   in   support     only   on   the   basis   of   CBDT   circular   dated   8th September, 2004 which is merely an opinion on the statutory provisions. S.R.JOSHI 8 of 10 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-877-878-2006 The Assessing Officer has to apply his own mind to form a reasonable belief that income chargeable to tax has escaped the assessment. It is not open to the Assessing Officer to rely upon the opinion of CBDT to justify issuance   of   impugned   notices.   Moreover,   reliance   upon   a   subsequent opinion is itself evidence of change of opinion on the part of the Assessing Officer. In any case, the question of opinion on statutory provision is an issue which would only arise, if the statutory juri ictional requirement of failure   to   disclose   fully   and   truly   all   material   facts   necessary   for assessment is satisfied.  It is not so in these notices. 10 On the above basis, we would have allowed the Petition but Mr. Pinto, learned Counsel appearing for Respondent­Revenue insisted that his submission that the decision of the Apex Court in Topman Export (supra) while considering the Petition be ignored, as the same has been rendered only on 8th  February, 2012, be dealt with. It is submitted that the   decision   in   Topman   Exports   (supra)   was   not   available   when   the impugned   notices   were   issued.   According   to   Revenue,   the   impugned notices have to be tested on the basis of the law as it stood on date the impugned notices were issued. This submission ignores the well known position in law that Courts do not make law when rendering decisions but they only declare what the law always was. Therefore, the decision of the Apex Court in Topman Export (supra) would be the correct position of law even when the impugned notices were issued and thus would suffer from failure of reasonable belief that income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment. 11 In any case, it is accepted by Mr. Pinto that as of today, the decision  in  Topman Export  (supra) covers  the  issue  in  favour of  the S.R.JOSHI 9 of 10 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 wp-877-878-2006 Petitioner.  In that view of the matter, it would serve no useful purpose by allowing the Assessing Officer to proceed with re­assessment, as the issue would be concluded in favour of the Petitioner in view of the binding decision of the Apex Court in Topman Export (supra) on merits. 12 In view  of  the  above,  we  allow  both  the  Petitions and set aside the impugned notice dated 2nd and 3rd February, 2005, seeking to re­ open the assessment for A. Y. 1999­2000 and 1998­99. Consequently, the order dated 10th March, 2006 rejecting the Petitioner's objections to the impugned notice also do not survive. 13 Both the Petitions are allowed in the above terms, with no order as to costs. (N.M.JAMDAR,J.) (M.S.SANKLECHA,J.)

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