HINDUSTAN UNILEVER LIMITED vs. DEPUTY COMMOSSIONER OF INCOME TAX-1(1) AND 3 ORS

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WP/2686/2013HC Bombay25 June 2015Author: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE M.S. SANKLECHA, HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE NITIN JAMDAR23 pages
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What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the Assessing Officer's action of adjusting demands for AY 2004-05, 2007-08, and 2008-09 from the refund due for AY 2006-07 under Section 245 was without jurisdiction. The Court reasoned that for AY 2004-05, the demand had already been adjusted. For AY 2007-08 and 2008-09, the demands were subject to stay orders under Section 220(6), meaning no amount was payable until the appeals were decided by the CIT(Appeals). The Court found that the Revenue had not sought to expedite the appeals or vary the stay orders before making the adjustment. It respectfully agreed with the Delhi High Court in Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. (supra) that while Section 245 is a mode of recovery, it cannot be used to circumvent or overreach an absolute stay order. The Court directed the Revenue to refund the balance amount of Rs. 52 crores out of the Rs. 129 crores refund due for AY 2006-07. The consequential orders dated August 22, 2013, demanding interest under Section 220(2) were quashed and set aside, as the petitioner was not an assessee in default.

What were the facts?

The petitioner, Hindustan Unilever Limited, filed a writ petition challenging the Assessing Officer's action of adjusting demands aggregating to Rs. 43 crores for Assessment Years (AY) 2004-05, 2007-08, and 2008-09 from a refund of Rs. 129 crores due for AY 2006-07. The challenge also extended to consequential orders dated August 22, 2013, demanding interest under Section 220(2) on these adjusted demands. The petitioner had a refund of Rs. 129 crores for AY 2006-07 after the Tribunal partly allowed its appeal and the Assessing Officer gave effect to the order. For AY 2007-08 and 2008-09, demands of Rs. 83 crores and Rs. 135 crores respectively arose, with partial stays granted by the Commissioner and Assessing Officer upon the petitioner depositing Rs. 65.25 crores and Rs. 110 crores respectively. The demand for AY 2004-05 of Rs. 3,76,985 was claimed to have been already adjusted.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the Assessing Officer had jurisdiction to adjust demands for AY 2004-05, 2007-08, and 2008-09 from the refund due for AY 2006-07 under Section 245 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, when the demands were either already adjusted, stayed, or not payable. (Question of law and fact, concerning Section 245). Assessee's contention: The adjustment was without jurisdiction as there was no outstanding demand for AY 2004-05, and the demands for AY 2007-08 and 2008-09 were stayed pending disposal of appeals by the CIT(Appeals). Therefore, no amounts were payable for these years on the dates of adjustment. The petitioner relied on the principle that adjustment under Section 245 is a mode of recovery and cannot be done unilaterally against stayed demands. Revenue's contention: The Revenue argued that recovery of tax cannot be fettered by a stay under Section 220(6) and that adjustment under Section 245 is a valid mode of recovery, citing the Delhi High Court's decision in Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. (supra) which held that recovery can be made by various modes including adjustment under Section 245, and that a stay order could be clarified to exclude adjustment of refunds.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 245,Section 220(2),Section 220(6),Section 143(3),Section 144C

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Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
18.WP.2686.13.odt    IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION WRIT PETITION NO. 2686 OF 2013 Hindustan Unilever Limited ..Petitioner Vs. Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax­1(1) and Ors. ..Respondents .... Mr. Nishant Thakkar a/w Rajesh Poojari, Advocates i/b Mulla & Mulla & CBC for Petitioner. Mr. Arvind Pinto, Advocate for Respondent. .... CORAM :  M.S. SANKLECHA &  N.M. JAMDAR, JJ. DATED  :  25th JUNE 2015

Oral Judgment: (Per: M.S. Sanklecha, J.) On 11 June 2015, at the joint request of the counsel, petition was kept at the bottom of the admission board for final disposal today.  Accordingly Rule.  Rule made returnable forthwith. Respondent waives services.  Taken up for final disposal.

2.

The challenge in this petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India is to the manner in which the Assessing Officer has under Section 245 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the 'Act') S.S.DESHPANDE 1   /  23 CNR No : HCBM020216192013 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt adjusted   the   demands   aggregating   to   Rs.   43   crores     for   the Assessment Years 2004­05, 2007­08 and 2008­09 out of the refund of Rs.129crores admittedly due to the petitioner for the Assessment Year 2006­07. Besides the challenge is also to the   consequential three  orders dated 22 August ,2013 passed under Section 220(2) of   the   Act   demanding   interest   on   the   delayed   payment   of   the adjusted demands for the Assessment years 2004­05, 2007­08 and 2008­09. Facts:­

3.

For the Assessment Year 2006­07, the petitioner filed its return   of   income   declaring   Rs.366.94   crores   as   income   and computing the tax payable thereon Rs.123.51 crores. The Assessing Officer consequent to the directions of the Dispute Resolution Panel passed  an order dated 7 October 2010  under Section 143(3) r/w Section   144C   of   the   Act   enhancing   the   taxable   income   from Rs.366.94crores to Rs.937.86crores.  A part of the enhancement was attributable   to  transfer  pricing   adjustment   of  Rs.369crores.  This further addition on account of transfer pricing led to a  tax demand of Rs.124crores. S.S.DESHPANDE 2   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt

4.

Being aggrieved, the petitioner carried the above order in appeal to   the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal(Tribunal).  By an order dated 10 December 2012 the Tribunal  partly accepted plea of the petitioner including on account of  transfer pricing adjustment. The Tribunal by the above order dated 10 December 2012  restored some of the issues to the Assessing officer who  by  order dated 29 May 2013 while  giving effect to the order of Tribunal reduced the petitioner's   income   to   Rs.442crores   leading   to   a   refund   of Rs.129crores.

5.

In the meantime, for the Assessment Years 2007­08 and 2008­09, the Assessing Officer by orders dated 28 January 2011 and 31 January 2012 passed assessment orders resulting in demand of Rs.83crores for the Assessment Year 2007­08 and Rs.135crores  for the   Assessment   Year   2008­09. Being   aggrieved   by   the   two assessment orders, the petitioner filed appeals for the Assessment Year 2007­08 and 2008­09 to the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) (the 'CIT (Appeals)').  Pending the disposal of the appeals by the CIT (Appeals), the petitioner filed application for stay of demand on 10 February 2011 for Assessment year 2007­08 and on S.S.DESHPANDE 3   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt 2 March 2012 for a stay of demand Assessment year 2008­09  with the Assessing Officer in terms of Section 220(6) of the Act.

6.

So   far   as   Assessment   Year   2007­08   is   concerned,   in response to the petitioner's application dated 10 February 2011 for stay to the Assessing Officer, the  the Commissioner of Income Tax passed   an   order   dated   22   March   2011   grant   a   partial   stay   of Rs.18crores on the petitioners depositing an amount of Rs.65.25 crores out of demand of Rs.83.25crores.  So far as Assessment Year 2008­09 is concerned, the Assessing Officer by an order dated 9 March 2013 granted a partial stay to the extent of Rs.25 crores out demand of Rs.135 crores.  This partial   stay for assessment years 2007­08   and   2008­09     was   in   respect   of   amount   of   demand attributable to transfer pricing adjustment identical/ similar to the issues now decided in favour of the  petitioner by the Tribunal for the Assessment year 2006­07. It is pertinent to note that neither of the two orders of stay dated 22March 2011 and 9 March 2012 make any reference to any adjustment out of refunds due for Assessment year 2006­07. S.S.DESHPANDE 4   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt

7.

Consequent to the orders of stay under Section 220(6) of the Act for the Assessment Years  2007­08 and 2008­09, the balance demand of Rs.65.25crores for the Assessment Year 2007­08 and Rs.110 crores for the assessment year 2008­09 was admittedly paid by   the   petitioner   to   the   revenue.   The   appeals   before   the CIT(Appeals) for Assessment year 2007­08 and 2008­09 are still awaiting disposal.

8.

On 31 July 2013( received by petitioner on 2 August 2013), the Assessing Officer in terms of Section 245 of the Act informed the petitioner of his proposal to adjust  out of the refund of Rs.129 crores due to the petitioner for the Assessment Year 2006­07 with the pending demands which were as under: A.Y. Amount of demand (exclusive of interest) 2004­05 Rs.3,76,985/­ 2007­08 Rs.17,98,92,047/­ 2008­09 Rs.24,98,64,327/­

9.

The petitioner by letter dated 5 August 2013, objected to to the proposed adjustment pointing out that   the demand for the S.S.DESHPANDE 5   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt Assessment Year 2004­05 has already been adjusted on 10 January 2011 out of the refund due to the petitioner for the Assessment Year 2004­05 itself.   So far as Assessment Years 2007­08 and 2008­09 were concerned,  the petitioner pointed out that demand for Rs.18 crores for the Assessment Year 2007­08 and the demand for Rs. 25 crores for Assessment year 2008­09 had been stayed by the order of Commissioner dated 22 March 2011 and the order of the Assessing officer dated 9 March 2012 respectively     till the disposal of its appeals by CIT (Appeals). It was pointed out that the appeals for Assessment years 2008­08 and 2008­09 are still awaiting disposal at the   hands   of   the   CIT(Appeals).   Thus   it   was   submitted   that adjustment as proposed was not justified/warranted.

10.

The Assessing Officer appears to have proceeded with the adjustment for Assessment year 2004­05, 2007­08 and 2008­09 as proposed in the notice dated 31July 2013 without taking notice of the petitioner's communication dated 5 August 2013. Consequently, issuing  a  refund  order  dated  22  August   2013     for  the   balance amount of Rs. 77.13 crores after adjustment of demands for earlier S.S.DESHPANDE 6   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt Assessment years in accordance with the notice dated 31 July 2013 and the interest payable.   In fact, on 22 August 2013 itself the Assessing officer passed three orders under Section 220(2) of the Act, demanding interest on the delayed payment of the demands for Assessment Years 2004­05, 2007­08 and 2008­09 and also adjusted the same out of refund of Rs.129crores for Assessment Year  2006­

07.

The interest demanded by the three impugned orders dated 22 August 2013 is Rs.1.05 lakhs for Assessment year 2004­05, Rs.5.03 crores   for   Assessment   Year   2007­08   and   Rs   3.99   crores       for Assessment year 2008­09 aggregating to Rs.9.07crores.   Thus the Revenue kept back/adjusted an amount in the aggregate of Rs.52 crores (Rs.43 crores demand and Rs.9 crores interest) out of the refund of Rs.129 crores due for Assessment Year 2006­07. Submissions:­

11.

Mr.   Nishant   Thakkar,   the   learned   Counsel   for   the petitioner submits as under: (a)   The   action   of   the   Assessing   officer   in   adjusting   the demand for Assessment years 2004­05,2007­08 and 2008­09 S.S.DESHPANDE 7   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt out of refund due for Assessment year 2006­07 under Section 245 of the Act is without juri iction. This is factually so as there is no demand outstanding for Assessment year 2004­05 and the demands for Assessment years 2007­ 08 and 2008­09 have been stayed. Thus on the date of the intimation i.e. 31 July 2013 as well as on 22 August 2013 no amounts were payable   for   the   three   assessment   years.   The   issue   it   is submtted   is   concluded   in   favour   of   the   petitioner   by   the decision of Delhi High Court in Maruti Suziki India Ltd. Vs. DCIT reported in 347 ITR  43; (b) The procedure provided under Section 245 of the Act for adjustment of demands payable out of refunds to an assessee has to be preceded by an intimation of the proposed action. This intimation enables the party concerned to correct any errors in the basis, for the proposed action. The giving of intimation before taking any action implies that the Assessing Officer would consider the objections before carrying out the proposed adjustment.;  and (c)   So   far   as   the   three   orders   dated   22   August   2013 S.S.DESHPANDE 8   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt demanding interest are concerned the same is consequential to unsustainable adjustment.  Therefore need to be quashed.

12.

Per contra,  Mr. Arvind Pinto, the learned Counsel for the Revenue submits as under: (a) It is accepted that there is no   demand payable by the petitioner   for Assessment year 2004­05. Thus there is no occasion   to   adjust   the   same   from   the   refund   due   to   the petitioner   for   A.Y.2006­07. Consequently,   no   occasion   to demand interest for the amount adjusted for A.Y. 2004­05 as done by the order dated 22 August 2013 can arise; (b) So far as demands for the Assessment Year 2007­08 and 2008­09 are concerned  the same is payable under the Act by the   petitioner.     The   stay  obtained  only   keeps   recovery   in abeyance.   Therefore,   the   action   of   Assessing   officer   is completely justified in adjusting the same out of the refund for the Assessment Year 2006­07; (c) The stay that has been granted under Section 220(6) of the Act.  The grant of such a stay is in absolute discretion of the  Assessing  Officer, thus a party has no right to it.  So far S.S.DESHPANDE 9   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt as the Assessment Year 2007­08 is concerned, the stay has been granted  by the Commissioner of Income Tax and not by the Assessing Officer.  So also the stay granted for Assessment year 2008­09 is by the Assessing officer yet the same can be reviewed by him in his absolute discretion; and (d)As the adjustment of the demands for   Assessment year 2007­08 and 2008­09 out of refunds due for Assessment year 2006­07 is in order, the demands for interest under Section 220(2) of the Act by orders dated 22 August 2013 for the above two years calls for no interferance.

13.

Sections 156, 220 (1), (6) and 245 of the Act  which are relevant for adjudication are as under: “Section 156. When any tax, interest, penalty, fine or other   sum   is   payable   in   consequence   of   any   order passed under this Act, the Assessing Officer shall serve upon the assessee a notice of demand in the prescribed form specifying the sum so payable:” “Sec. 220(1).  Any amount, otherwise than by way of advance   tax,   specified   as   payable   in   a   notice   of demand under section 156 shall be paid within thirty days of the service of the notice at the place and to the person mentioned in the notice.” (2) to (5)........ S.S.DESHPANDE 10   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt “(6)  Where an assessee has presented an appeal under Section 246 or Section 246A the Assessing Officer may, in his discretion and subject to such conditions as he may think fit to impose in the circumstances of the case,   treat   the   assessee   as   not   being   in   default   in respect of the amount in dispute in the appeal, even though the time for payment has expired, as long as such appeal remains undisposed of.” “Sec. 245. Set off refunds against tax remaining payable. Where under any of the provisions of this Act, a refund is found   to   be   due   to   any   person,   the   Assessing   Officer, Deputy Commissioner (Appeals), Commissioner (Appeals) or Principal Chief Commissioner or Chief Commissioner or Principal Commissioner or Commissioner, as the case may be,  may,  in  lieu  of payment  of  the  refund,  set off the amount to be refunded or any part of that amount, against the sum, if any, remaining payable under this Act by the person   to   whom   the   refund   is   due,   after   giving   an intimation in writing to such person of the action proposed to be taken under this section.” Consideration:

14.

Section 245 of the Act, empowers the revenue to adjust refunds due to an assessee against   any tax payable(of the same character as the refund due) by him. The exercise of this power is discretionary as is evident from the use of the word “may” therein. Besides the requirement of giving notice/intimation of the proposed action  of adjustment out  of the  refund due  is also  an indication S.S.DESHPANDE 11   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt of   discretionary   nature   of   power   not   mandatory. This notice/intimation is required to be given so as to enable a party to  12   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt is  mandatory. The purpose being to enable the party to point out that there are factual errors or some further developments, if any, for example a stay of the demand, Supreme Court decision covering the  demand which is still a subject matter of a pending appeal etc which   would   warrant     not     adjusting   the   refund     against   the pending demand.   Thus when a party does raise such issues in response to a prior intimation,  the officer of the revenue exercising powers under Section 245 of the Act must apply his mind to it and must record reason why the objection is not sustainable and also communicate it to the party.  This before or at the time of adjusting the   refund.     This   alone   would   ensure   that   that   the   power   of adjustment under Section 245 of the Act is not exercised arbitrarily. Such a procedure would cause no prejudice to the revenue as the occasion to grant the refund would not arise till the objection to the intimation   is   disposed   of.   Of   course   the   objections   should   be disposed  of expeditiously  as  undue   delay  in  granting of  refund would cause prejudice to the party entitled to the refund.

16.

In the present facts, intimation dated 31 July 2013 under Section 245 of the Act was received by the petitioner on 2 August S.S.DESHPANDE 13   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt 2013. The Petitioner filed its objections on 5 August 2013 inter alia pointing out that no demand is outstanding for A.Y. 2004­05 and stay of the demand granted under Section 220(6) of the Act in appeals pending before the Commissioner of Income tax(Appeals) for A.Y. 2007­08 and 2008­09. Theses objections of the petitioner were not considered as is apparent from the fact that even though no demand was due for the A.Y.2004­05 yet adjustment took place from the refund due and a demand for interest was also made by order   dated   22   August   2013. The   entire   object   of   giving   prior intimation   as   provided   under   the   Act   has   been   rendered superfluous. Thus the decision making process was flawed and the adjustment of the refund against the demands due as well as the consequent demand for interest are unsustainable.

17.

It   is   an   admitted   position   that   there   is   no   demand outstanding/payable   for   Assessment   year   2004­05. Thus   no occasion to adjust any part of the refund due to the petitioner for Assessment year 2005­06 to meet a non existing demand for A.Y. 2004­05     can   arise.   Consequent   demanding   of   interest   under Section 220(2) of the Act as demanded by order dated 22 August S.S.DESHPANDE 14   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt 2013 for A.Y.2004­05  would not arise. Therefore in view of above agreed  position the Revenue is directed to hand over the sum of Rs.3.76   lakhs   retained/adjusted   out   of   the   refund   due   for   the alleged dues of A.Y.2004­05 to the petitioner along with interest in accordance with the Act. So also we set aside the impugned order dated 22 August 2013 being Exhibit P to the the petition demanding interest of Rs.1.05 lakhs.

18.

So far as the Assessment Year 2007­08 is concerned, the demand   of   Rs.18   crores   had   been   stayed   by   the   order   of Commissioner dated 22 March 2011 under Section 220(6) till the disposal of the petitioner's appeal before the CIT (Appeals).   The appeals are still pending.  Further, stay was granted in respect of the demands attributable to transfer pricing adjustment which was an issue of dispute even for the Assessment Year 2006­07 and was finally   resolved   in   favour   of   the   petitioner.     The   contention  of Mr.Pinto is that as the order of stay was granted by Commissioner of Income Tax and not by the Assessing Officer, therefor has no force   in   law.   Therefore   according   to   Mr.   Pinto   the   above S.S.DESHPANDE 15   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt communication could be ignored while adjusting the demand out of refunds   due   to   the   petitioner.   It   must   be   pointed  out   that   the petitioner had made an application for stay to the Assessing Officer. In response to the petitioner's application for stay under Section 220(6) of the Act, to the Assessing officer, his superior viz. the Commissioner of Income Tax  granted partial stay to the extent of the demand relating to transfer pricing adjustment.  We are unable to understand how an order passed by an officer superior to the Assessing  Officer   granting   stay  would   not   be   binding   upon   the Assessing Officer. In fact the Commissioner of Income Tax is the administrative head and does exercise juri iction  over the entire Commissionerate.   Thus, even today, the order Commissioner of Income Tax staying the demand of Rs.17.98 crores is in force .

19.

So   far   as   Assessment   Year   2008­09   is   concerned,   the Assessing   Officer   by   an   order   dated   9   March   2012   stayed   the demand of Rs.25 crores attributable to transfer pricing adjustment done in the assessment order till the disposal of the petitioner's appeal   by   the   CIT(Appeals).   These   transfer   pricing   dispute   are S.S.DESHPANDE 16   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt identical   to   the   issue   in   A.Y.   2006­07   and   the   same   are   now resolved in favour of the petitioner by the order of the Tribunal. The   appeals   are   still   pending   before   the   CIT   (Appeals)   and consequently the stay for the Assessment Year 2008­09 is in force even today.

20.

However it is the contention of the Revenue, that grant of stay by the authorities under the Act is immaterial as it would not obliterate   the   demand   which   is   payable   under   the   Act.     It   is submitted that the Revenue has juri iction to adjust the demands which are payable under the Act and as of today the demands for A.Y. 2007­08 and 2008­09 are payable.   The grant of stay under Section   220(6)   of   the   Act     only   prevent   the   Revenue   from recovering   the   amounts   which   have   been   confirmed   by   the Assessing Officer.   However the amount continues to be payable under the Act by the petitioners to the Revenue. Thus it is submitted that no interference is warranted.

21.

Section 245 of the Act provides that when refund is due to   any   person   then   in   lieu   of   payment,   the   revenue   can   set S.S.DESHPANDE 17   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt off/adjust the amount to be refunded against any sum remaining payable under the Act by the person concerned. Therefore in the present   facts,   we   would   have   to   examine   whether   any demands/sums were remaining payable   under the Act. Normally under the Act after orders of Assessment is passed,   a notice of demand is issued to the party concerned under Section 156 of the Act.   This   notice   under   Section   156   of   the   Act   specifies   the period(normally 30 days) within which the payment is to be made failing which   the person concerned is treated as an Assessee   in default. It is only after the expiry of time limit to make the payment is the recovery provision triggered under Section 220 onwards of the Act. However where a stay is granted under Section 220(6) of the Act, in view of pending appeal before the CIT(Appeals) then such an assessee would not be treated in default even after the expiring of the period of 30 days.  It therefore follows that the time to make the payment stands extended and the person  is not to be deemed to be an Assesee in default for the recovery provisions to be set in motion.  The words “remaining payable under the Act” would mean where the assessee has not paid within the time available and S.S.DESHPANDE 18   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt has becomes an Asseessee in default. In this case in view of the stay under Section 220(6) of the Act, the time to make the payment stands extended till the disposal of the appeal by CIT (Appeals).

22.

Thus as on 31 July 2013 the demand was “not remaining payable under the Act”, because of the unconditional stay granted under Section 220(6) of the Act.  Therefore Section 245 of the Act will not be invocable.  The stay order could have excluded any set­ off/adjustment out of any refund due to an Assessee.  Such is not the case in the present facts.  An adjustment under section 245 of the Act is also a mode of recovery of the tax.   It is an unilateral action on the part of the Revenue to recover the amounts due from a party by adjusting the refund due to it.

23.

By virtue of orders of stay passed under Section 220(6) of the Act for the Assessment Years 2007­08 and 2008­09, no amount are  payable under the Act. This protection would continue  till such time as the CIT (Appeals) before whom the appeals are pending disposes the appeals or the Assessing Officer in exercise of its power under Section 220(6) of the Act varies the order of stay granted to S.S.DESHPANDE 19   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt the petitioners.   The orders of stay are undisturbed till this date. Consequently, it is not open to the Revenue to adjust the  recovery of amount  which has been stayed by orders of stay.

24.

The Delhi High Court in the case of Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. (supra) had an occasion to deal with a similar contention as is being   raised   by   the   Revenue   in   the   present   case   namely   the recovery of tax cannot and would not include adjustment under Section 245  of the Act  and the  stay  of recovery  under Section 220(6) of the Act would not fetter the rights of the Revenue to adjust   the   demands     out   of   refund   due   to   the   assessee.     This submission was negatived by the Delhi High Court holding that recovery could be made by various modes including adjustment under Section 245 of the Act.  The Delhi High Court held that where an authority grants a stay of recovery under Section 220(6) of the Act, it could provide in that order granting stay of the recovery that the same would not be extended to adjustment of refund.  In cases where the stay order is in absolute terms, it would be inappropriate on   the   part   of   the   Revenue   to   adjust   the   demand   by   way   of adjustment.  The Delhi High Court observed as under: S.S.DESHPANDE 20   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt “.... However, when an order of stay of recovery in simplistic and absolute terms is passed, it would be improper and inappropriate on the part of the Revenue to recover the demand by way of adjustment.  In case of doubt or ambiguity, an application for clarification or vacation/modification of stay to allow adjustment can be, and should be filed.  But no attempt should be made and it should not appear that the Revenue has tried   to   overreach   and   circumvent   the   stay   order. Obedience and compliance with the stay order in letter and spirit is mandatory.    A stay order passed by an appellate/higher   authority   must   be   respected.     No deviance or breach should be made.” (Emphasis supplied) We are in respectful agreement with this view.

25.

Therefore   the   Revenue   should   have   approached     the appellate   authority   before   whom   the   appeals   were   pending   to expedite the hearing or alternatively seek to vary the order of stay after giving a hearing to the party concerned before the adjustment under Section 245 of the Act is carried out.  This has admittedly not been done. S.S.DESHPANDE 21   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt

26.

The power under Section 245 is discretionary.  The orders of stay have to be honoured before adjustment of the demand out of refund is done by the Revenue.   If the Assessing Officer did not accept   the   assessee's   contention   at   the   time   of   making   the  22   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27

18.

WP.2686.13.odt

28.

In these circumstances, the refund of Rs.129crores due to the petitioners is payable in its entirety and no adjustment of any demand for the Assessment Year 2007­08, 2008­09 and 2004­05 was permissible.   This for the reason, that factually there was no due outstanding for the Assessment Year 2004­05 and the demand for the Assessment Years 2007­08 and 2008­09 had been stayed pending disposal of the petitioner's appeal before the CIT (Appeals). Consequently, Revenue is directed to hand over the balance amount of Rs.52 crores out of Rs.129 crores of refund due  for A.Y.2006­07 to the petitioners. The petitioner is not an assessee in default under Section 220 of the Act, till such time as its appeals are   decided. Consequently no occasion to charge interest at this stage under Section 220(2) of the Act can arise.  Consequently, the orders dated 22 August 2013 for the Assessment Year 2004­05, 2007­08 and 2008­09 being Exhibit N, O and P are quashed and set aside.

29.

In the aforesaid circumstances, rule is made absolute in terms of prayer clause 'A' and 'B'. [N.M. JAMDAR, J] [M.S. SANKLECHA, J.] S.S.DESHPANDE 23   /  23 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 04:12:27 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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