THE DIRECTOR OF INCOME TAX (INTERNATIONAL TAXATION) -I vs. DELTA AIRLINES INC.

PDF · subscribers
ITXA/1318/2011HC Bombay05 September 2011Bench: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE J.P. DEVADHAR, HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE K.K. TATED6 pages
AI SummaryDismissed

What did the High Court hold?

The High Court upheld the order of the ITAT, but not on the ground of Section 234D having no retrospective operation. Instead, the Court found that Section 234D was not applicable to the facts of the present case. The Court reasoned that Section 234D is attracted only when a refund is granted to the assessee under Section 143(1) and subsequently, on regular assessment, no refund is due or the amount refunded under Section 143(1) exceeds the amount refundable on regular assessment. In the present case, it was admitted that no refund was granted to the assessee under Section 143(1). The refund was granted pursuant to orders passed by the CIT(A). Therefore, the condition precedent for attracting Section 234D, i.e., a refund granted under Section 143(1), was not met. The argument of the Revenue regarding Section 147 assessments being regular assessments did not advance their case, as the primary condition of a refund under Section 143(1) was absent. The question of whether Section 234D applies retrospectively was expressly left undecided.

What were the facts?

The appeals filed by the Revenue against M/s. Delta Air Lines Inc. concern assessment years 1992-93 to 1998-99. Initially, the Assessing Officer disallowed the benefit of Article 8 of the India-USA DTAA. The CIT(A) allowed the assessee's appeals, but the ITAT restored the Assessing Officer's orders. Subsequently, while giving effect to the ITAT's order, the Assessing Officer levied interest under Sections 234A, 234B, and 234D. The assessee appealed the levy of interest under Section 234D. The CIT(A) held that Section 234D was not attracted as no refund was granted under Section 143(1) and, alternatively, that Section 234D, introduced from June 1, 2003, did not apply to pre-June 2003 assessment years. The ITAT dismissed the Revenue's appeals, upholding the CIT(A)'s order.

What were the issues?

1. Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the Tribunal was justified in holding that interest u/s.234D of the I.T. Act has no retrospective application without appreciating that the provisions of Section 234D are procedural and compensatory in nature and as such can be applied to proceedings of earlier assessment years pending as on 01-06-2003? Assessee's contentions: The assessee argued that Section 234D was introduced with effect from June 1, 2003, and therefore, it would not apply to assessment years prior to this date. The CIT(A) relied on the Special Bench decision in ITO V/s. Ekta Promoters (P) Ltd. [(2008) 305 ITR (AT)1]. Revenue's contentions: The Revenue contended that Section 234D is procedural and compensatory, thus applicable to pending proceedings even for earlier assessment years. The Revenue also argued that as per the explanation to Section 234D, assessments made for the first time under Section 147 are considered regular assessments, making Section 234D applicable.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 234D,Section 143(1),Section 143(3),Section 147

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

1 itxa1318-11++ sas IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION INCOME TAX APPEAL NO.1318 OF 2011 WITH INCOME TAX APPEAL (LOD) NO.790 OF 2011 WITH INCOME TAX APPEAL (LOD) NO.791 OF 2011 WITH INCOME TAX APPEAL (LOD) NO.792 OF 2011 WITH INCOME TAX APPEAL (LOD) NO.793 OF 2011 WITH INCOME TAX APPEAL (LOD) NO.794 OF 2011 WITH INCOME TAX APPEAL (LOD) NO.795 OF 2011 The Director of Income Tax (International Taxation)-I Scindia House, Ballard Estate, N.M. Road, Mumbai – 400 038 ..Appellant. V/s. M/s. Delta Air Lines Inc. GSA : Inter Globe Air Transport, Bajaj Bhavan, 12th Floor, Nariman Point, Mumbai – 400 021 ..Respondent. Mr. Suresh Kumar for the appellant. Mr. Atul K. Jasani for the respondent. CORAM : J.P. DEVADHAR AND K.K. TATED, JJ.

DATED : 5TH SEPTEMBER, 2011 CNR No : HCBM020129542011 Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 05:00:25

2 itxa1318-11++ JUDGMENT :- (Per J.P. Devadhar, J.)

1.

All these appeals relating to assessment years 1992-93 to 1998-99 are admitted on the following question of law :- “ Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the Tribunal was justified in holding that interest u/s.234D of the I.T. Act has no retrospective application without appreciating that the provisions of Section 234D are procedural and compensatory in nature and as such can be applied to proceedings of earlier assessment years pending as on 01-06-2003 ? “ 2. By consent, all the appeals are taken up for final hearing. 3. In all these cases, in the assessment orders passed under Section 143(3) r/w 147 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (‘the Act’ for short), the assessing officer disallowed the benefit of Article 8 of the Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA) between India and USA to the assessee. The appeals filed by the assessee were allowed by the CIT(A) by holding that the assessee is entitled to the benefit of Article 8 of DTAA. Challenging the aforesaid order, the revenue filed appeals before the ITAT and the Tribunal set aside the order of CIT(A) and restored the orders passed by the assessing officer. 4. While giving effect to the order of the ITAT, the assessing officer apart from levying interest under Section 234A and under Section 234B of the Act has also levied interest under Section 234D of the Act. Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 05:00:25

3 itxa1318-11++ 5. Challenging the levy of interest under Section 234D of the Act, the assessee filed appeals before the CIT(A). By his order dated 22/9/2009, the CIT(A) held that the interest under Section 234D is chargeable where the refund has been granted to the assessee on processing the return of income under Section 143(1) of the Act and thereafter such refund is found to be excessive under the regular assessment. In the present case, since no refund was granted under Section 143(1), the CIT(A) was of the opinion that in the facts of the present case Section 234D was not attracted. Alternatively, the CIT(A) following the Special Bench decision of the ITAT in the case of ITO V/s. Ekta Promoters (P) Ltd. reported in [(2008) 305 ITR (AT)1] held that since Section 234D was introduced with effect from 1st June, 2003 the said provision would not apply to the facts of the present case where the assessments are for the period prior to 1st June 2003. Challenging the aforesaid order, the revenue filed appeals before the ITAT and by the impugned order dated 28/7/2010, the Tribunal has dismissed the appeals filed by the revenue by following the Special Bench decision in the case of Ekta Promoters (P) Ltd. (supra). Challenging the aforesaid order, the revenue has filed the present appeals. 6. Mr. Suresh Kumar, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the revenue submits that as per the explanation to Section 234D, the assessment made for the first time under Section 147 shall be regarded as a regular assessment. In the present case, the assessments are Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 05:00:25

4 itxa1318-11++ made under Section 147 read with Section 143(3) of the Act and, therefore, Section 234D would be applicable to the facts of the present case. 7. Section 234D of the Act (to the extent relevant), reads thus:- Interest on excess refund. 234D. (1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, where any refund is granted to the assessee under sub-section (1) of section 143, and - (a) no refund is due on regular assessment; or (b) the amount refunded under sub-section (1) of section 143 exceeds the amount refundable on regular assessment, the assessee shall be liable to pay simple interest at the rate of [one-half] per cent on the whole or the excess amount so refunded, for every month or part of a month comprised in the period from the date of grant of refund to the date of such regular assessment. (2) ------- Explanation - Where, in relation to an assessment year, an assessment is made for the first time under section 147 or section 153A, the assessment so made shall be regarded as a regular assessment for the purposes of this section”. 8. Thus, Section 234D is attracted only when the refunds Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 05:00:25

5 itxa1318-11++ granted to the assessee under Section 143(1) of the Act becomes refundable to the Revenue on regular assessment. 9. In the present case, admittedly refund was not granted to the assessee under Section 143(1) of the Act. In fact, the refund was not granted even under the assessment order passed under Section 143(3) read with Section 147 of the Act, but the same was granted pursuant to the orders passed by the CIT (A). Therefore, the decision of the ITAT in holding that in the facts of the present case, Section 234D is not applicable cannot be faulted. 10. The argument of the Revenue that as per the Explanation to Section 234D, assessments made under Section 147 shall be regarded as regular assessment does not carry the matter any further, because, the provisions of Section 234D would apply only in those cases where refunds were granted under Section 143(1) of the Act and on regular assessment whether made under Section 143(3) or under Section 143(3) read with Section 147, no refund becomes due or the amount refunded under Section 143(1) exceeds the amount refundable on regular assessment. In the present case, since refunds were not granted under Section 143(1) of the Act, the Tribunal was justified in holding that Section 234D is not attracted in the facts of the present case. Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 05:00:25

6 itxa1318-11++ 11. We make it clear that we have upheld the order of the ITAT not on the ground that Section 234D has no retrospective operation, but on the ground that Section 234D has no application to the facts of the present case, because, in none of these cases, refunds were granted under Section 143(1) of the Act. The question as to whether Section 234D applies retrospectively is kept open. All the appeals are disposed off accordingly with no order as to costs. (K.K. TATED, J.) (J.P. DEVADHAR, J.)

Uploaded on - 21/08/2020 Downloaded on - 28/10/2026 05:00:25 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

More judgments on Section 234D

All 2,105 judgments and leading authorities on Section 234D →

Recent GST High Court judgments

Search GST case law →