THE COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX (EXEMPTIONS) vs. TATA INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

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ITXA/1322/2016HC Bombay26 March 2019Author: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI, HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE M.S. SANKLECHA18 pages
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What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the amendment to Section 10(23C)(iiiab) by way of an Explanation, clarifying that grants from the Government in excess of 50% of its total receipts constitute substantial financing, could be used as an aid in construing the ambiguous unamended provision, even if the amendment was not retrospective. Citing the Supreme Court's decision in Thirui Menickan & Co. v/s. State of Tamil Nadu, the Court found that such an amendment can be used to understand the Parliamentary intent even before its amendment. Therefore, the Revenue's appeals concerning the exemption under Section 10(23C)(iiiab) were dismissed. Regarding the issue of reassessment under Section 147, for AY 2006-07, the assessee conceded that the Tribunal's order holding the reopening as bad in law was incorrect, as the earlier assessment was completed under Section 143(1), unlike a previous case for AY 2003-04 which was completed under Section 143(3). Consequently, the question on reassessment was answered in favour of the Revenue for AY 2006-07. For AY 2004-05, both questions were answered in favour of the assessee.

What were the facts?

The appeals by the Revenue challenge two orders of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (Tribunal) concerning Assessment Years (AY) 2007-08, 2006-07, and 2004-05. The assessee, Tata Institute of Social Science, sought exemption under Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The Assessing Officer (AO) denied the exemption, finding the assessee not wholly or substantially financed by the Government. The Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) and the Tribunal allowed the exemption. The Revenue's appeals raise questions regarding the interpretation of 'substantially financed' and the validity of reassessment under Section 147. The parties agreed to dispose of all appeals together.

What were the issues?

1. Whether, on the facts and in law, the Tribunal was justified in confirming the order of the CIT(A) and directing the AO to allow exemption under Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act, without appreciating that the assessee is not wholly or substantially financed by the Government, in view of the explanation to Section 14(1) of the Comptroller and Auditor General (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Services) Act, 1971, as total Government grant was less than 75% of total expenditure? (Question of law and fact) 2. Whether, on the facts and circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was correct in holding the assessment under Section 147 of the Act in law? (Question of law) Assessee's Contention (implied from the Tribunal's decision): The assessee argued that it was solely for educational purposes and was substantially financed by the Government, with grants exceeding 50% of total expenditure and total receipts. The Tribunal relied on the Explanation to Section 10(23C)(iiiab) inserted by the Finance (No. 2) Act, 2014, effective from April 1, 2015, as an aid to interpret the unamended provision, holding that grants from the Government in excess of 50% of its total receipts qualify as substantial financing. Revenue's Contention (implied from the questions raised): The Revenue contended that the assessee was not substantially financed by the Government, citing the Comptroller and Auditor General's Act, and questioned the validity of reassessment under Section 147.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 260A,Section 147,Section 143(3),Section 143(1),Section 12A,Section 14(1)

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION INCOME TAX APPEAL NO. 1179 OF 2013 The Director of Income Tax (Exemptions) ] Piramal Chambers, Parel ] Mumbai 400 012. ].. Appellant. v/s. Tata Institute of Social Science ] Sion Trombay Road, Deonar ] Mumbai 400 088. ].. Respondent. WITH INCOME TAX APPEAL NO.1322 OF 2016 WITH INCOME TAX APPEAL NO.1321 OF 2016 The Commissioner of Income Tax (Exemptions) ] 6th Floor, Piramal Chambers, Lalbug ] Mumbai 400 012. ].. Appellant. v/s. Tata Institute of Social Science ] Sion Trombay Road, Deonar ] Mumbai 400 088. ].. Respondent. Mr. Tejveer Singh, for the Appellant in ITXA Nos. 1322 of 2016 and 1321 of 2016. Mr. A. R. Malhotra with Mr. N. A. Kazi, fo the Appellant in ITXA No.1179 of 2013. Ms. Alisha Pinto, for the Respondent in all the Appeals. CORAM:  AKIL KURESHI & M.S.SANKLECHA, JJ. RESERVED ON    :  4th MARCH, 2019. PRONOUNCED ON    :  26th MARCH, 2019. CNR No : HCBM020074862016 JUDGMENT:­ (Per M.S. Sanklecha,J.) These three Appeals under Section 260­A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the Act), challenge the two orders of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (the Tribunal) dated 26th September, 2012 and 16th September, 2015. The   impugned   order   dated   26th  September,   2012   relates   to Assessment Year 2007­08 being Income Tax Appeal No.1179 of 2013. The impugned order dated 16th  September, 2015 is a common order of the Tribunal, relating to Assessment Years 2004­05 and 2006­07. Thus the two appeals being Income Tax Appeal No.1321 of 2016  and 1322 of 2016 are in respect of Assessment Year 2006­07 and 2004­05 respectively. 2 On 12th February, 2019, Income Tax Appeal No.1322 of 2016 relating to Assessment Year 2004­05 was on board for admission.   The following   questions   of   law   were   urged   in   the   appeal   for   our consideration :­ “(a) Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the Tribunal justified in confirming the order of the CIT(A) and directing the AO to allow exemption u/s. 10(23C) (iiiab) of the Act without appreciating the fact that the assessee is not wholly or substantially   financed   by the Govt. in view of explanation to sub section (1) of section 14 of the Comptroller and Auditor General (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Services) Act, 1971 as the total Govt. grant during the year is less that 75% of the total expenditure of the assessee? (b) Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was correct in holding Assessment under Section 147 of the Act in law?”

At that time, it was pointed out to us that, identical question of law had been raised by the Revenue in Income Tax Appeal No.1321 of 2016 relating to Assessment Year 2006­07, arising out of the common impugned order dated 16th September,2015, urging identical question of law   for   our   consideration.   We   were   also   informed   that   an   identical question as referred in (a) above on merits, was a subject matter of Income Tax Appeal No. 1179 of 2013 and admitted on 3rd April, 2013. 4 It was submitted on behalf of the respondent that the issue (a) raised herein above being the major issue in all the these appeals, would now stand concluded in view of amendment   made to Section 10(23C) (iiiab) of the Act by an addition of Explanation thereto.   This amendment   has   clarified   /   explained   the   expression  “substantially financed” in Section 10(23C) (iiiab) of the Act and was brought into the Act by the Finance No.2 Act of 2014 w.e.f. 1st April. 2015. In the above view, on 12th February, 2019 as agreed by the parties, we passed an order, directing the listing of Income Tax Appeal No.1322 of 2016 along with Income Tax Appeal Nos. 1179 of 2013 and 1321 of 2016, involving same question on merits for final disposal.  This  as the controversy appeared to be within a very narrow compass. 5 On 4th March, 2019, the three Appeals as directed, came up for hearing.  We first took up Income Tax Appeal Nos. 1321 of 2016 and 1322  of  2016   (Assessment   Years  2004­05   and  2006­07)  filed  by  the Revenue for consideration.   As identical questions of law were already admitted (save time bar) in Income Tax Appeal No. 1179 of 2013, on 2nd April, 2013, we admitted both the appeals on the following identical substantial questions of law:­ “(a) Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the Tribunal justified in confirming the order of the CIT(A) and directing the AO to allow exemption u/s. 10(23C) (iiiab) of the Act without appreciating the fact that the assessee is not wholly or substantially   financed   by the Govt. in view of explanation to sub section (1) of section 14 of the Comptroller and Auditor General (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Services) Act, 1971 as the total Govt. grant during the year is less that 75% of the total expenditure of the assessee? (b) Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was correct in holding Assessment under Section 147 of the Act in law?” 6 It was an agreed between the parties that we immediately take up all the three appeals for final disposal. Therefore, we took up the three appeals for final disposal in chronological order i.e. relating to the year of the appeal in this Court:­ 7 Income Tax Appeal No. 1179 of 2013­ (A.Y. 2007­08):­ (i) This Appeal by the Revenue, was admitted on 2nd April, 2013 on the following substantial question of law:­ “(a) Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the Tribunal justified in confirming the order of the CIT(A) and directing the AO to allow exemption u/s. 10(23C) (iiiab) of the Act without appreciating the fact that the assessee is not wholly or substantially   financed   by the Govt. in view of explanation to sub section (1) of section 14 of the Comptroller and Auditor General (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Services) Act, 1971 as the total Govt. grant during the year is less that 75% of the total expenditure of the assessee? (b) Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the Tribunal was justified in holding that A.O. erred in   importing   the   provision   of   another   legislation   in   deciding whether the Assessee is substantially financed or not when the provision of the Income Tax Act is silent on the issue?”

It would be noticed that question (b) herein above is a mere facet of/ submission urged in support of question (a). Therefore, both the questions   are   subsumed   in   question   (a)   above.   Therefore,   our consideration of question (a) would include the submissions urged as question(b). (ii) Briefly, the facts leading this Appeal, are as under:­ (a) Respondent is registered under the Societies Registration Act and Bombay Public Trust Act, 1966. It is also registered as a Trust under Section 12­A of the Act. (b) For   the   subject  Assessment   year,   Respondent­Trust   has   filed  its return   of   income,   seeking   exemption   from   tax   under   Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act.   The Assessing Officer called upon the Respondent   to   explain   its   claim   for   exemption   under   Section 10(23C)(iiiab)   of   the   Act   on   the   issue   of   being   solely   for educational purposes and being wholly or substantially financed by the Government. The Respondent in its reply, pointed out that it was   solely   for   educational   purposes   and   the   grants   from   the Government   is   in   excess   of   over   50%   of   the   total   expenditure incurred   during   year.   Further,   the   grants   received   from   the Government were also in excess of 50% of the total receipts of the respondent.   Thus, on both the above yardsticks, the Respondent claimed to be substantially financed by the Government. Therefore, entitled to the benefit of Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act. (c) However, the Assessing Officer while accepting the claim that the respondent  was existing solely for educational purposes yet denied the benefit  of Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act on the grounds  of not being substantially financed by the Government. It held that the amount of Government grant of Rs.12.79 Crores as received is less than 75% of the total expenditure of Rs.16.87 Crores. The Assessing Officer   applied   the   above   measure   of   75%   by   taking   aid   of   / referring to Section 14 of the Controller Auditor General's (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Service) Act, 1971 (“CAG Act” for short). Thus, holding that Respondent is not substantially financed by the Government.   Therefore,   denied   the   Respondent's   claim   to exemption under Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act by order dated 24th  December,   2009   of   the   Assessing   Officer   under   Section 143(3) of the Act. (d) Being aggrieved with the above order dated 24th December, 2009 of Assessing   Officer,   the   Respondent   filed   an   appeal   to   the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) [CIT(A)].     By an order dated   4th  January,2011,   the   CIT(A)   allowed   the   appeal   of   the Respondent on the issue of   being   substantially   financed   by   the Government for purposes of Section 10(23C) (iiiab) of the Act. This conclusion was reached after holding that provisions of CAG Act   will   not   be   applicable   to   the   Act   in   the   absence   of   any reference to   it.   Besides,   it   held that the words 'substantially financed by the Government' was subject of   consideration   by the Karnataka High Court in the case of   CIT v/s.Indian Institute of Management, reported in 196 Taxman 276 which in turn relied upon CIT v/s. National Education Society (IT Appeal   No.808 of 2009 unreported). In the above cases, a grant of approximately 37% from the Government out of the total receipts was held to satisfy   the   meaning   of   the   words  'substantially   financed'  by   the Government. (e) Being aggrieved with the order dated 4th  January, 2012 of the CIT(A) on the above issue, the Revenue filed an appeal to the Tribunal. The impugned order of Tribunal records the fact that the Assessing Officer held that the Respondent was not an institution wholly or substantially financed by the Government by relying upon the   meaning   of   the   words  'substantially   financed'  by   the Government under Section 14(1) of the  CAG Act. It held that, reliance upon the provisions of CAG Act, was  not appropriate as for the purposes of the Act, the institutions had to be approved by the prescribed authority i.e. Commissioner of Income Tax or Director General   of   Income   Tax   before   an   exemption   under   Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act can even be claimed. The impugned order further noted that reliance upon another legislation to negate the exemption   under   Section   10(23C)(iiiab)   of   the   Act,   is   not permissible.  It also noted that, the Karnataka High Court had in the case of National Education Society (supra) and Indian Institute of Management (supra) had taken a view that grant of 37% by the Government of the total receipts / revenue would mean that the institution is being substantially financed by the Government. In this case, the Tribunal noted that, the grant from the Government was   approximately   56%   of   the   total   receipts.   Therefore,   much higher   than   the   percentage yardstick / measure approved by the   Karnataka   High   Court.   It   thus   upheld   the   order   of   the CIT(A) and  dismissed the Revenue's appeal.

(iii) Mr. Malhotra, in support of the Appeal, seeks that the substantial question of law be answered in favour of the Revenue  and   makes the following submissions :­ s (a) In the absence of the words 'wholly or substantially financed by the   Government'  being   defined   in   the   Act   during   relevant period,  no fault can be found with the Revenue's resorting to the meaning of wholly or substantially financed provided in the CAG Act i.e. 75% of the total expenditure of the assessee; and (b) The   amendment   made   to   Section   10(23C)(iiiab)   of   the   Act   by insertion of the explanation therein by Finance Act, 2014 w.e.f. 1st April, 2015 is only prospective. This is so as  the legislation itself does not make it retrospective either by specifically stating that it is effective from an earlier date or the Explanation as introduced  itself stating   that   it   is   for   removal   of   doubts.   Thus,   it   cannot   be applied retrospectively for the subject Assessment Year 2007­08. (iv) On the other hand, Mr. Naniwadekar, learned Counsel appearing for the Respondent in support of the impugned order, submits as under :­ (a) In the absence of words  'substantially financed by the Government' being defined in the Act at the relevant time, one would have to adopt   the   general   meaning   and   understanding   of   the   words 'substantially'. It is submitted that the normal meaning of the word 'substantial'  is ample/ large. This is how the words 'substantially financed',   has   been   understood   by   Karnataka   High   Court   in National   Education   Society   (supra)   and   Indian   Institute   of Management (supra) while   holding   37%   of   grant from the Government in context of total revenue was considered substantial. Further, as the Punjab and Haryana High Court in  CIT v/s. Jat Education Society 383 ITR 355   also held 44% of the total Revenue as grants from the Government would satisfy the test of substantially financed by the Government.

(b) The absence of any definition of the words 'substantially financed' in the Act will not permit the Revenue to import meaning given to the words 'substantially financed' as provided in the CAG Act.  This in the absence of any incorporation or reference to the CAG Act in the Act. It is to  be note that, the Karnataka High Court in National Education   Society   (supra)   had   made   reference   to   the   Banking Regulation Act which provides that having more than 10% of the total capital, would mean to have substantial interest. (c) In fact, internal guidance of the meaning of the word 'substantial' is found in the explanation to Section 40A(2) of the Act, having 20% voting power or 20% share in profits.  This could be used as the benchmark meaning of the words 'substantial'; and (d) In any case, after addition of Explanation to Section 10(23C)(iii ab) of the Act w.e.f. 1st April, 2015, the percentage of contribution by the Government as prescribed being 50% of the total receipts to qualify   as  'substantially   financed'  would   relate   back   even   to period prior to 1st April, 2015 i.e. the subject Assessment Year 2007­

08.

(v) We have considered the rival submissions. It is the  Revenue's case before us that in the absence of the words  'substantially   financed' by the Government being defined in the Act, the Assessing Officer was   entitled   to   invoke the meaning of the words 'substantially financed' as found in the CAG Act.  We find that there is no basis for invoking the meaning of  'substantially financed'  found in the CAG Act for the purposes of Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act.  First of all, the provisions   of the CAG Act are neither incorporated nor cited in   section 10(23C)(iiiab) or in any other provisions of the Act. The scope and the purpose of the two Acts i.e. CAG Act and the Act are entirely different.  The CAG Act is in respect of  Institutions receiving funds from the consolidated funds of India and which would   be   subject   to   the   Audit   of   the   Comptroller   and   Auditor General of India. It has no application to funds received by an Institution   from   the   Government   through   the   University   Grant Commission.   The   words 'substantially   financed' in   Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act are used in the context of Government grants of finance to the educational  institutions.   Therefore,   we notice that the scope and the ambit of the two Acts i.e. CAG Act and the Act are completely different and cannot even be remotely said to be in pari materia.. In fact, the Supreme Court in Msco Pvt. Ltd., v/s. UOI 1985(1) SCC 51 has observed/ held that it would be hazardous to interpret a word in accordance with its  definition in another  statute, when it is not dealing  with a cognate subject. Therefore, reading the provisions of one Act into another when not in pari materia will lead to what the Courts has observed in Msco Pvt. Ltd. (supra) to a new terror  in construction while quoting with approval Crais on Statute Law (6th Edition). (vi) One may look into the meaning given to particular words in a different statute provided the   other Act is in  pari materia  with the  statute being interpreted. The two Acts can  be said to be in pari materia when they relate to the same person or thing or class of persons or things i.e. have the same object and operate in the same field.  As the scope  and  the  purpose of  the CAG Act and the said Act are completely different, they cannot be said to be pari materia  so as to permit importing   the meaning given in the CAG Act to the said Act.  In   fact,   in   the   absence   of   the   words 'substantially financed' being defined in the Act at the relevant time, different methods / modes were being adopted by the Authorities under the Act to  determine  the  manner  in   which   the words 'substantially financed' have to be measured.  It is to be noted that, the Karnataka High Court in National Education Society (supra) has observed that in the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 a person having more than 10% of the total subscribed capital, is a person who has substantial interest.  However,  that provision has not been invoked by the Assessing Officer.  For that matter internal guidance to the meaning of the words 'substantial' can be found in Section 40A (2) of the Act as person having more than 20% of voting power or 20% share in profits.  Nevertheless, the Revenue has not resorted to any of the above provisions and have invoked the provisions of the CAG Act. This in our view is not permissible in the present facts. (vii) Prior to the Explanation to Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act being introduced, the method employed by the Officers of the Revenue was either to determine the percentage of grant received from the Government in the context of total receipts or to determine the grants   received   from   the   Government   in   the   context   of   total expenditure.   After 2014, the measure of the words  'substantially financed' has to be found only by determining the grants received from the Government as a percentage of total receipts received by an institution. (viii)  Therefore,  the meaning of the words 'substantially financed' in the CAG Act could never have been invoked to understand the meaning of the words 'substantially financed'  in Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act. Thus,   no   fault can be found with   the impugned order of the Tribunal ignoring the meaning of substantially financed by Government as given in the CAG Act. (ix) We note that, in the present proceedings, the Assessing Officer had found   on   facts   that     the   Respondent   had     received   in   the previous year relevant to the subject Assessment Year grant from the Government  which  were 56% of the total  receipts of  the institution i.e. in excess of 50%.   Besides, it was also found that the Institution received grants from  the   Government   of   Rs.12.79 crores out of the total expenditure of Rs.22.49 crores. This was undisputedly   in   excess   of   50%   but   less   that   75%   of   the   total expenditure.   Therefore,   on   both   tests   i.e.   percentage   of Government grant in context of total receipts was in excess of   50% and percentage   of   Government   grant   in   the context of total expenditure was also in excess of 50%.   Thus, the respondent phrase 'substantially financed by the Government' therein has led to  litigation and varying decision of various judicial fora, leading to uncertainty in this regard.  Thus, it is clear that the Explanation to Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act was to clarify the position/meaning   of   the   words  'substantially   financed   by   the Government'. (x) Thus, the vagueness attributable to the meaning of the words 'substantially   financed'  is   removed   by   the   addition   of   the Explanation to Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act read with Rule 2BBB of the Rule.  The above Explanation states that grant from the Government should be   in excess   of the prescribed receipts in context of total  receipts  (including voluntary donations). Rule 2BBB of the Rules provides that the Government grant should be at 50%   of   the   total   receipts.   This   requirement,   the   respondent admittedly satisfies  the test of substantially financed for the subject assessment   year as the Assessing   Officer records a finding   of fact in   his   order   and   the   same   is   not   disputed   before   us.

Therefore, with effect from 1st April, 2015,  there   can   be   no dispute   about  what   is     meant   by   'substantially   financed'  by   the Government in Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act. (xi) However,   the   issue   is   whether   the   above   Explanation   which   is introduced w.e.f. 1st April, 2015 could be read to be retrospective. Mr. Malhotra, learned Counsel for the Revenue contends that the Explanation as introduced does not state it is 'clarificatory' and/or 'for removal of doubts'. Therefore, it   is only prospective and it should not be given a retrospective effect.   This view he submits is further strengthen by the fact that, it was made effective only from 1st April, 2015. The reason being that prior to the Explanation being introduced into the Act, the method of arriving at substantially financed   could   be   different.   In   fact,   it   could   be   qua   the   total expenditure incurred by the institution or qua the total receipts received by the institution. Therefore, if the Explanation is to be read retrospectively, the orders of the Authorities under the Act would   be   required   to   measure   the   satisfaction   of   the   words 'substantially   financed'  in   terms   of   an   explanation   i.e.   qua   total Menickan & Co. v/s. State of  Tamil Nadu AIR 1977 SC 518. In the above case, the Court held that an amendment to the Act which is not retrospective may yet be used   as   an   exposition   of   the Parliamentary intent as contained in  the   Section   even   before   its amendment.  Thus, in the present facts, the same measure as has been clarified by the Explanation introduced by the amendment viz.­ grant from Government is in excess of 50% of its total receipts, it is substantially financed by the Government could be taken as the exposition of the Parliamentary intent of the unamended Section. Thus, without holding the Explanation to Section 10(23C)(iiiab) of the Act, inserted into theAct w.e.f. 1st  April, 2015, is retrospective, the same is being used as an aid in construing the ambiguous provision. Therefore,  in the present facts the Revenue's appeal is required to be dismissed. (xii)  In  the  above  view,   the   admitted  substantial   question   of  law   is answered in the affirmative i.e. in favour of the respondent assessee and against the Revenue. (xiii) Thus, the Revenue's appeal is dismissed. 8 Income Tax Appeal No.1321 of 2016 (A.Y. 2006­07):­ (i) This appeal was admitted today on the following two substantial questions of law, for our consideration: “(a) Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the Tribunal justified in confirming the order of the CIT(A) and directing the AO to allow exemption u/s. 10(23C) (iiiab) of the Act without appreciating the fact that the assessee is  not wholly or substantially  financed  by the Govt. in view of explanation to sub section (1) of section 14 of the Comptroller and   Auditor   General   (Duties,   Powers   and   Conditions   of Services) Act, 1971 as the total Govt. grant during the year is less that 75% of the total expenditure of the assessee? (b) Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was correct in holding Assessment under Section 147 of the Act in law?” (ii) Re. Question (a):­ (a) It is an agreed position between the parties that, the question raised herein is identical to the question raised by the Revenue in Income Tax Appeal No.1179 of 2013 in respect of Assessment Year 2007­

08.

On facts and in law, there is no difference in this Assessment Year i.e. 2006­07 and  that in the assessment year 2007­08 (Income Tax Appeal No.1179 of 2013). Therefore, there is no warrant to take a different view of this question from that taken by the us in Income  Tax Appeal No.1179 of 2013, as discussed herein above. (b) Therefore, this question has to be answered in the affirmative i.e. in favour   of   the   Respondent­Assessee   and   against   the   Appellant­ Revenue. (iii) Re. Question (b):­ (a) Mr. Naniwadekar, learned Counsel for the Respondent­ Assessee very fairly states that the impugned order of the Tribunal, holding that  the re­opening of an assessment for the Assessment Year 2006­ 07 is bad in law, is not correct. It   is fairly conceded that the, reliance on the earlier order of the Tribunal for Assessment Year 2003­04 in case of the Respondent­Assessee was not correct as the re­opening of the assessment for Assessment Year 2003­04 had taken place in respect of the assessment which was completed under Section   143(3)   of   the   Act.   This   is   not   so   in   this   case   as   the earlier   assessment   for   Assessment   Year   2006­07   was   completed under Section 143(1) of the Act. (b) In the above view, question (b) is answered in the negative i.e. in favour   of   the   Appellant­Revenue   and   against   the   Respondent­ Assessee. (c) Thus, Revenue's Appeal is partly allowed. 9 Income Tax Appeal No.1322 of 2016 (A.Y. 2004­05):­ (i) This   appeal   was   admitted   by   us   today   on   the   following   two substantial questions of law:­ “(a) Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the Tribunal justified in confirming the order of the CIT(A) and directing the AO to allow exemption u/s. 10(23C) (iiiab) of the Act without appreciating the fact that the assessee is  not wholly or substantially  financed  by the Govt. in view of explanation to sub section (1) of section 14 of the Comptroller and   Auditor   General   (Duties,   Powers   and   Conditions   of Services) Act, 1971 as the total Govt. grant during the year is less that 75% of the total expenditure of the assessee? (b) Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was correct in holding Assessment under Section 147 of the Act in law?”

(ii) It is an agreed position between the parties that question (a) has to be answered in the negative i.e. in favour of the Respondent and question (b) in the affirmative i.e. in favour of the Respondent. This for the reasons mentioned by us while dealing with Income Tax Appeal No.1321 of 2016 (A.Y. 2006­07) herein above. (iii) Thus, the Revenue's Appeal is partly allowed. 10 For the above reasons, Income Tax Appeal No.1179 of 2013 is dismissed. Income Tax Appeal Nos, 1322 and 1321 of 2016 are partly allowed. (M.S.SANKLECHA,J.) (AKIL KURESHI,J.)

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