JUGAL KISHORE JHANWAR vs. DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX
What did the High Court hold?
The Tribunal quashed and set aside the notice dated March 26, 2025, issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The Tribunal found that the controversy was squarely covered by a previous judgment of a co-ordinate bench in Jaskaran Singh Brar Vs. Principle Commissioner of Income Tax (Central) Jaipur & Ors. The Tribunal distinguished the Gujarat High Court's judgment in Talati and Talati LLP, noting that its facts were entirely different and that it was not based on the combined reading of the notification dated March 29, 2022, with earlier CBDT orders dated March 31, 2021, and September 6, 2021. The Tribunal agreed with the reasoning in Abhin Anilkumar Shah and the Bombay High Court's approach in Hexaware Technologies Ltd., which was further supported by the Supreme Court's dismissal of an SLP against a Telangana High Court order. The Tribunal held that the notice issued by the JAO was liable to be quashed. The revenue was granted liberty to revive the notice if the Apex Court were to interfere with the judgments in Hexaware Technologies Ltd., Sharda Devi Chhajer, or Shree Cement Limited. Other grounds raised by the petitioner were not pressed and were left open for appropriate stages.
What were the facts?
The petitioner, Jugal Kishore Jhanwar, filed a writ petition challenging a notice dated March 26, 2025, issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The petitioner argued that the notice was issued by the Jurisdictional Assessing Officer (JAO) and not a Faceless Assessing Officer (FAO), rendering it invalid. This contention was based on previous judgments by the Rajasthan High Court in cases like Shree Cement Limited and Sharda Devi Chhajer, which followed a Bombay High Court ruling in Hexaware Technologies Ltd. The respondent, Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax, Central Circle - 1, Jodhpur, did not refute the petitioner's submission that the matter was covered by a co-ordinate bench's earlier judgment.
What were the issues?
1. Whether a notice issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, by the Jurisdictional Assessing Officer (JAO) instead of a Faceless Assessing Officer (FAO) is invalid, particularly in cases involving search and seizure under Section 132 of the Act, as per the Faceless Assessment Scheme notified on March 29, 2022. Assessee's Contentions: - The notice issued under Section 148 is invalid because it was issued by the JAO and not the FAO. - Relied on the Rajasthan High Court judgments in Shree Cement Limited and Sharda Devi Chhajer, which in turn relied on the Bombay High Court judgment in Hexaware Technologies Ltd., holding such notices invalid. Revenue's Contentions: - The revenue referred to a Gujarat High Court judgment in Talati and Talati LLP, which did not interfere with a similar notice but directed the assessee to file a reply. - The revenue also submitted that in the Hexaware Technologies Ltd. case, a Special Leave Petition (SLP) was filed, and notice was issued, suggesting a possibility of the Apex Court interfering with the judgment.
Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?
AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below
Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
Order 11/11/2025
Learned counsel for the petitioner Mr. Harsh Vardhan Singh submits that the controversy involved in this matter is squarely covered by the judgment dated 24.09.2025 passed by the co- ordinate Bench of this Court in the case of Jaskaran Singh Brar Vs. Principle Commissioner of Income Tax (Central) Jaipur & Ors.; D.B. Civil Writ Petition No.18987/2025, which is reproduced hereinbelow:
"
All office objections waived.
Mr. Kothari submits that petitioner is unhappy with notice dated 26th March 2025 issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (for short ‘the Act’).
Mr. Kothari further submits that apart from various grounds taken in the petition, one of the grounds is that notice has been issued by Jurisdictional Assessing Officer (JAO) and not Faceless Assessing Officer (FAO). He also (Uploaded on 13/11/2025 at 03:02:59 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:59 AM)
[2025:RJ-JD:48466-DB] (2 of 5) [CW-22092/2025] submits that this Court in Shree Cement Limited vs. Assistant Commissioner of Income-Tax & Others and Sharda Devi Chhajer vs. The Income Tax Officer & Commissioner of Income-Tax, Circle 15(1)(2) has held High Court has taken cognizance of the contention that pre- (Uploaded on 13/11/2025 at 03:02:59 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:59 AM)
[2025:RJ-JD:48466-DB] (3 of 5) [CW-22092/2025] requisite conditions before issuance of notice under Section 148, as provided in Explanation 2 of Section 148 would require human application of mind and cannot be fulfilled by algorithm under the Faceless Regime.
The decision of the Division Bench of the Bombay High Court in the case of Hexaware Technologies Ltd. (supra) has been distinguished as having been rendered in a case, which falls within the arena of Explanation 1 to Section 148 and not where Explanation 2 to Section 148 of the Income Tax Act' 1961, would be attracted.
It is pertinent to note that the Gujarat High Court was Tax Officer, International Tax Ward Circle-4(2)(1), Mumbai and Ors. where the orders dated 31st March 2021 and 06th September 2021 issued by the CBDT creating exception for the assessment proceedings undertaken by the International taxation charges/Central Charges were subject matter of deliberation.
In Abhin Anilkumar Shah (supra) the Court held that said orders dated 31st March 2021 and 06th September 2021 issued by the CBDT only carve out exception in relation to the assessment proceedings. What has been done by order dated 06th September 2021 is to modify the order dated 31st March 2021 to the extent of what is set out in paragraph 3 thereof, namely, that in addition to such exceptions to the applicability of the faceless mechanism to assessment orders in relation to Central Charges and International Tax Charges, an additional exception was added, namely, to the assessment order in cases where pendency could not be created on ITBA because of technical reasons or cases not having a PAN, as the case may be. Thus, the scheme as framed under section 151A and notified under the notification dated 29th March 2022 does not include the applicability, inclusion or even reference to the orders dated 31st March 2021 and 06th September 2021. It was further held that it would be doing violence to the language of the notification/scheme dated 29th March 2022 to read into such notification what has not been (Uploaded on 13/11/2025 at 03:02:59 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:59 AM)
[2025:RJ-JD:48466-DB] (4 of 5) [CW-22092/2025] expressly provided for and/or something which is kept came to be dismissed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court vide order dated 16th July 2025 in SLP (Civil) Diary No. 33956/2025 stating the following- 1. “Delay condoned.
Exemption Application is allowed.
Having heard the learned counsel appearing for the petitioners – Revenue and having gone through the materials on record, we find no good reason to interfere with the impugned order passed by the High Court.
The Special Leave Petition is, accordingly, dismissed.
Pending applications, if any, shall also stand disposed of.”
Thus the judgment passed by the Gujarat High Court is not based on the reading of notification dated 29th March 2022 along with orders dated 31st March 2021/ 06th September 2021 but is based on the simple reading of Explanation 2 to Section 148 along with understanding that the pre-requisites for issuing notice under Section 148 in search cases cannot be met by the FAO. With due respect, we do not agree.
In these circumstances, notice dated 26th March 2025 passed under Section 148 of the Act is liable to be quashed and set aside. (Uploaded on 13/11/2025 at 03:02:59 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:59 AM)
[2025:RJ-JD:48466-DB] (5 of 5) [CW-22092/2025]
At this stage, Mr. Bissa submits that in judgment of Hexaware Technologies Ltd. (supra), Revenue has preferred a Special Leave Petition and notice has been issued. Counsel states that in view of the law as it stands today, Court may grant the prayer of petitioner but in case the Apex Court interferes with judgment in Hexaware Technologies Ltd. (supra), Sharda Devi Chhajer (supra) or Shree Cement Limited (supra), then Revenue should be given liberty to revive the notice issued under Section 148 of the Act.
In view of above, counsel for petitioner states that other grounds raised are not being pressed upon and they will be taken at appropriate stage, if required.
Therefore, keeping open all rights and contentions of parties, we quash and set aside notice dated 26th March 2025 passed under Section 148 of the Act with liberty as prayed.
Petition disposed.
Consequently, all pending applications, if any, also stand disposed."
Learned counsel for the respondent is not in a position to refute the above submission.
In view of the above, the present writ petition is disposed of on the same terms as laid down in Jaskaran Singh Brar (supra). (ANUROOP SINGHI),J (DR.PUSHPENDRA SINGH BHATI),J 122-Taruna/- Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) (Uploaded on 13/11/2025 at 03:02:59 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:59 AM)
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