DINESH JHANWAR vs. INCOME TAX OFFICER
What did the High Court hold?
The Tribunal held that the notice dated March 26, 2025, issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, is liable to be quashed and set aside. The Court found the facts of the Gujarat High Court case (Talati and Talati LLP) to be entirely different from the present case. The Court disagreed with the reasoning that the pre-requisites for issuing a notice under Section 148 in search cases cannot be met by a Faceless Assessing Officer (FAO), as was understood in the Gujarat High Court judgment. The Court noted that the Bombay High Court's decision in Hexaware Technologies Ltd. was distinguished as applying to Explanation 1 to Section 148, not Explanation 2. The Court also referred to the Supreme Court's dismissal of an SLP against a Telangana High Court order based on similar reasoning, which supported the assessee's position. The petitioner stated that other grounds were not being pressed. The Court quashed the notice with liberty to the revenue to revive it if the Apex Court interferes with the judgments in Hexaware Technologies Ltd., Sharda Devi Chhajer, or Shree Cement Limited. The petition was disposed of on the same terms as the Jaskaran Singh Brar judgment.
What were the facts?
The petitioner, Dinesh Jhanwar, filed a writ petition challenging a notice dated March 26, 2025, issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The petitioner argued that the notice was invalid as it was issued by the Jurisdictional Assessing Officer (JAO) and not a Faceless Assessing Officer (FAO). The respondent, Income Tax Officer, Ward 3(1), Jodhpur, did not refute the petitioner's submission. The Rajasthan High Court at Jodhpur was considering this petition, which was presented by Mr. Harsh Vardhan Singh for the petitioner and Mr. KK Bissa for the respondent.
What were the issues?
1. Whether a notice issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, by the Jurisdictional Assessing Officer (JAO) is invalid, as opposed to being issued by a Faceless Assessing Officer (FAO)? (Question of law and fact, concerning Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961). Assessee's Contention: The notice issued by the JAO is invalid. This contention is supported by the judgment in Jaskaran Singh Brar Vs. Principle Commissioner of Income Tax (Central) Jaipur & Ors., which followed the Bombay High Court's decision in Shree Cement Limited vs. Assistant Commissioner of Income-Tax & Others and Sharda Devi Chhajer vs. The Income Tax Officer & Another, holding such notices invalid. Revenue's Contention: The revenue referred to a Gujarat High Court judgment in Talati and Talati LLP vs. Office of Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, Circle 4(1)(1), Ahmedabad, which did not interfere with a similar notice but directed the assessee to file a reply. However, the Court found the facts of this case to be entirely different.
Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?
AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below
Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
Order 04/11/2025
Learned counsel for the petitioner Mr. Harsh Vardhan Singh submits that the controversy involved in this matter is squarely covered by the judgment dated 24.09.2025 passed by the co- ordinate Bench of this Court in the case of Jaskaran Singh Brar Vs. Principle Commissioner of Income Tax (Central) Jaipur & Ors.; D.B. Civil Writ Petition No.18987/2025, which is reproduced hereinbelow:
"
All office objections waived.
Mr. Kothari submits that petitioner is unhappy with notice dated 26th March 2025 issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (for short ‘the Act’).
Mr. Kothari further submits that apart from various grounds taken in the petition, one of the grounds is that notice has been issued by Jurisdictional Assessing Officer (JAO) and not Faceless Assessing Officer (FAO). He also submits that this Court in Shree Cement Limited vs. (Uploaded on 07/11/2025 at 04:20:40 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:01 AM)
[2025:RJ-JD:47474-DB] (2 of 5) [CW-21496/2025] Assistant Commissioner of Income-Tax & Others and Sharda Devi Chhajer vs. The Income Tax Officer & Commissioner of Income-Tax, Circle 15(1)(2) has held High Court has taken cognizance of the contention that pre- requisite conditions before issuance of notice under Section (Uploaded on 07/11/2025 at 04:20:40 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:01 AM)
[2025:RJ-JD:47474-DB] (3 of 5) [CW-21496/2025] 148, as provided in Explanation 2 of Section 148 would require human application of mind and cannot be fulfilled by algorithm under the Faceless Regime.
The decision of the Division Bench of the Bombay High Court in the case of Hexaware Technologies Ltd. (supra) has been distinguished as having been rendered in a case, which falls within the arena of Explanation 1 to Section 148 and not where Explanation 2 to Section 148 of the Income Tax Act' 1961, would be attracted.
It is pertinent to note that the Gujarat High Court was Tax Officer, International Tax Ward Circle-4(2)(1), Mumbai and Ors. where the orders dated 31st March 2021 and 06th September 2021 issued by the CBDT creating exception for the assessment proceedings undertaken by the International taxation charges/Central Charges were subject matter of deliberation.
In Abhin Anilkumar Shah (supra) the Court held that said orders dated 31st March 2021 and 06th September 2021 issued by the CBDT only carve out exception in relation to the assessment proceedings. What has been done by order dated 06th September 2021 is to modify the order dated 31st March 2021 to the extent of what is set out in paragraph 3 thereof, namely, that in addition to such exceptions to the applicability of the faceless mechanism to assessment orders in relation to Central Charges and International Tax Charges, an additional exception was added, namely, to the assessment order in cases where pendency could not be created on ITBA because of technical reasons or cases not having a PAN, as the case may be. Thus, the scheme as framed under section 151A and notified under the notification dated 29th March 2022 does not include the applicability, inclusion or even reference to the orders dated 31st March 2021 and 06th September 2021. It was further held that it would be doing violence to the language of the notification/scheme dated 29th March 2022 to read into such notification what has not been expressly provided for and/or something which is kept (Uploaded on 07/11/2025 at 04:20:40 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:01 AM)
[2025:RJ-JD:47474-DB] (4 of 5) [CW-21496/2025] came to be dismissed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court vide order dated 16th July 2025 in SLP (Civil) Diary No. 33956/2025 stating the following- 1. “Delay condoned.
Exemption Application is allowed.
Having heard the learned counsel appearing for the petitioners – Revenue and having gone through the materials on record, we find no good reason to interfere with the impugned order passed by the High Court.
The Special Leave Petition is, accordingly, dismissed.
Pending applications, if any, shall also stand disposed of.”
Thus the judgment passed by the Gujarat High Court is not based on the reading of notification dated 29th March 2022 along with orders dated 31st March 2021/ 06th September 2021 but is based on the simple reading of Explanation 2 to Section 148 along with understanding that the pre-requisites for issuing notice under Section 148 in search cases cannot be met by the FAO. With due respect, we do not agree.
In these circumstances, notice dated 26th March 2025 passed under Section 148 of the Act is liable to be quashed and set aside.
At this stage, Mr. Bissa submits that in judgment of Hexaware Technologies Ltd. (supra), Revenue has (Uploaded on 07/11/2025 at 04:20:40 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:01 AM)
[2025:RJ-JD:47474-DB] (5 of 5) [CW-21496/2025] preferred a Special Leave Petition and notice has been issued. Counsel states that in view of the law as it stands today, Court may grant the prayer of petitioner but in case the Apex Court interferes with judgment in Hexaware Technologies Ltd. (supra), Sharda Devi Chhajer (supra) or Shree Cement Limited (supra), then Revenue should be given liberty to revive the notice issued under Section 148 of the Act.
In view of above, counsel for petitioner states that other grounds raised are not being pressed upon and they will be taken at appropriate stage, if required.
Therefore, keeping open all rights and contentions of parties, we quash and set aside notice dated 26th March 2025 passed under Section 148 of the Act with liberty as prayed.
Petition disposed.
Consequently, all pending applications, if any, also stand disposed."
Learned counsel for the respondent is not in a position to refute the above submission.
In view of the above, the present writ petition is disposed of on the same terms as laid down in Jaskaran Singh Brar (supra). (ANUROOP SINGHI),J (DR.PUSHPENDRA SINGH BHATI),J 113-nirmala/- Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) (Uploaded on 07/11/2025 at 04:20:40 PM) (Downloaded on 28/10/2026 at 12:31:01 AM)
More judgments on Section 148
- ACIT Central Bilaspur, Bilaspur vs Arun Kumar Agrawal, SaktiITSSA 26/RPR/2025[2018-19]Status: Disposed21 Oct 2026AY 2018-19
- Vinod Agrawal, Kawardha vs Assisstant Commissioner of Income Tax…ITA 666/RPR/2026[2019-20]Status: Heard21 Oct 2026AY 2019-20
- Sar Business Tradelink Private Limited… vs Income Tax Officer, Ward - 1(2), RaipurITA 599/RPR/2026[2014-15]Status: Heard21 Oct 2026AY 2014-15
- Neo Incorporation, Rajkot vs DCIT Circle- 1(2), RajkotITA 471/RJT/2026[2012-2013]Status: Disposed21 Oct 2026AY 2012-2013
- Adj Agri International LLP, Rajkot vs The Income Tax Officer, Ward-1(1)(1), RajkotITA 1198/RJT/2026[2018-19]Status: Disposed21 Oct 2026AY 2018-19
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