VAGHJIBHAI S BISHNOI vs. INCOME TAX OFFICER

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SCA/6726/2013HC GujaratGJHC24011211201309 July 2013Author: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE M.R. SHAH,HONOURABLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE MS. JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI15 pages
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What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that respondent no. 2 (ITO) failed to perform its duty under Section 154 of the Act. The court noted that when a clear mistake was pointed out, the authority ought to have amended the assessment order. The failure to exercise these powers compelled the petitioner to approach the High Court. The court observed the extensive computerization within the Income Tax Department and the stated objectives of improving efficiency, reducing compliance burden, and ensuring timely availability of information. The court found that the CPC's functioning, in this instance, added to the taxpayer's difficulties due to a lack of coordination between the back and front offices. Consequently, the petition was allowed. The respondents were directed to consider the total TDS reflected in Form 26AS (Rs. 4,00,064.36) and issue the refund. While the petitioner had claimed Rs. 2,11,415, he was permitted to make an additional claim for further refund if entitled. The refund process was ordered to be completed within four weeks. No costs were imposed.

What were the facts?

The petitioner, Vaghjibhai S. Bishnoi, an assessee, filed an electronic return of income for Assessment Year 2010-11, declaring a total income of Rs. 8,61,077 and claiming a refund of Rs. 2,11,415. This refund was based on Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) of Rs. 3,78,608 against a tax payable of Rs. 1,67,193. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) inadvertently failed to credit the TDS. The assessee filed rectification applications under Section 154 of the Income Tax Act on July 8, 2011, and September 12, 2011, but received no response. Subsequently, the Centralized Processing Centre (CPC), Bangalore, processed the return under Section 143(1) on March 17, 2011, determining tax payable at Rs. 1,93,429 (including interest of Rs. 26,235) without granting the TDS adjustment. The CPC rejected the rectification application on October 27, 2011, citing incomplete details for TDS credit.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the respondent authorities have failed to perform their statutory duty under Section 154 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, by not rectifying the assessment order to grant the due TDS credit to the assessee? Assessee's Contention: The petitioner argued that all relevant details for claiming TDS, including Form 16A and challan particulars, were submitted. He contended that the failure to grant the refund was due to a lack of inter-departmental coordination between the CPC and the jurisdictional Assessing Officer (respondent no. 2). The petitioner emphasized that the online system should have facilitated verification and refund processing, and the respondents' failure to correct the mistake despite a rectification application was unacceptable. The petitioner also pointed out that his total TDS entitlement, as per Form 26AS, was higher than initially claimed. Revenue's Contention: The respondent no. 2 (ITO) contended that he could not act without the CPC transferring the necessary details. The CPC, in its rectification order, stated that the assessee failed to furnish proper details like BSR Code, date of deposit, challan sequence number, and exact amount paid for TDS credit, and these were not corrected during rectification.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 139,Section 154,Section 143(1)

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION  No. 6726 of 2013

FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.R. SHAH and HONOURABLE MS JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI ================================================================ 1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ? 2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India, 1950 or any order made thereunder ? 5 Whether it is to be circulated to the Civil Judge ? ================================================================ VAGHJIBHAI S BISHNOI....Petitioner(s) Versus INCOME TAX OFFICER  &  1....Respondent(s) ================================================================ Appearance: Mr. SP MAJMUDAR, ADVOCATE for the Petitioner(s) No. 1 Ms. PAURAMI B SHETH, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 2 NOTICE SERVED for the Respondent(s) No. 1 SERVED BY RPAD ­ (N) for the Respondent(s) No. 1 ================================================================ CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE M.R. SHAH and HONOURABLE Ms. JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI 9 th July 2013

ORAL JUDGMENT (PER : HONOURABLE Ms. JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI)

1.

Rule.  Learned   advocate  Ms.  Paurami B.  Sheth  appears  and waives service of rule on behalf of the respondent no.2. 2. This  writ  petition   under  Article  226  of   the   Constitution   of   India   is preferred for seeking  refund of Rs. 2,11,415/=, with the following  factual background.

3.

The petitioner is an assessee who filed his return of income as required under  section   139 of the  Income­tax Act,  1961  [“Act”  hereinafter]  for  the Assessment Year 2010­11. Such tax return was filed electronically declaring his total income at Rs. 8,61,077/= [rupees eighteen lacs sixty one thousand seventy seven]. As per the entire computation, the refund entitlement the petitioner claimed, was to the tune of Rs. 2,11,415/= on adjustment of Tax deducted at source {“TDS” for short}. It is averred that the respondent no.1 inadvertently missed out giving credit of the TDS of the amount of Rs. 3,78,608/= against the tax payable at Rs. 1,67,193 [rupees one lac sixty seven thousand one hundred ninty three].

3.

1 An   application   for   rectification   under   section   154   of   the   Act   was preferred  vide  communications dated 8 th  July 2011 and 12 th  September 2011 addressed to the respondent no.2, the assessee pointed out this mistake and also requested giving of credit of TDS. However, since the request has not been accorded to and credit is not given as requested for, and, no reply to such communications   has   been   received   by   the   present   petitioner,   the   present Special  Civil  Application  is filed,  inter alia,  praying for a direction to the respondents­authorities to forthwith refund the amount of Rs. 2,11,415/= to the petitioner; being the refund due to the petitioner for A.Y 2010­11, alongwith interest at an appropriate rate.

4.

In response to the issuance of the notice, the respondent no.2 filed affidavit­in­reply, inter alia, admitting filing of e­return by the petitioner for the A.Y 2010­11 on 20 th September 2010 declaring his total income at Rs. 8,61,077/= and claiming refund of Rs. 2,11,415/=; after adjusting TDS of Rs. 3,78,608/= against tax payable of Rs. 1,67,193/=. It is also contended that the return of the petitioner assessee was processed under section 143 (1) of the Act on 17 th March 2011   by   the   Centralized   Processing   Centre   [“CPC”   for   short],   Bangalore. However, such adjustment of TDS was not granted and the tax payable was determined at Rs. 1,93,429/=; which included both – Tax and the interest, being a sum of Rs. 1,67,193/= and Rs. 26,235/= respectively. It is also contended that the petitioner failed to furnish all the relevant information as was required under Section 139 (1) of the Act in the e­return, and therefore, the adjustment of TDS was not allowed. A stand is further taken by the respondent no. 2 inter alia that he has not  been transferred details of the e­return by the respondent no.1­ CPC, Bangalore, and therefore, the respondent no. 2 is not authorized to accede to any request of the assessee. It is further admitted that the rectification application preferred by the petitioner was attended to by the CPC, Bangalore on 27 th October 2011 by passing an order under section 154 of the Act, wherein the respondent no.2 observed as follow :­ “During the processing of the return under section 143 (1), tax payments had not matched as proper details like BSR Code,   Date   of   Deposit,   Challan   sequence   number,   Exact amount paid in case of multiple payments, Details of each payments to be furnished has not been furnished by the assessee,   however,   during   rectification,   the   same   has   not been corrected by the assessee.”

5.

Affidavit­in­rejoinder on behalf of the petitioner is preferred where he has   denied   all   the   contentions   raised   in   the   affidavit­in­reply.   It   is empathetically urged that all relevant details for claiming the TDS amount were submitted to the respondents authorities and all forms; including Form 16A were also annexed with the application and the respondents were aware that the TDS credit was required to be given and yet, for the reasons best known to them, the said mistake has not been corrected till the date. It is further urged that the jurisdictional Assessing Officer is the respondent no.2, however, on account of non­transfer of the details by the CPC, Bangalore [the respondent no.1] to the respondent no.2, the assessee has not been given his due by way of refund. It is further urged that the system is on­line and all details of TDS are available on the net.  The TDS has been deducted at source by the public limited companies/government companies, and therefore also, such deductions shall have to be regarded. It is further contended that the complete details, which match with the payments; with BSR code; deposit challans, etc. have been furnished.

6.

It needs to be noted that the respondent no. 1 has neither filed any affidavit­in­reply nor furnished any document to controvert the facts; although duly   served.   For   the   respondent   no.2,   Ms.   Paurami   Sheth   appeared   and advanced her submissions.

7.

Learned   advocate   Mr.   Majmudar   appearing   for   the   petitioner   has fervently made his submissions along the line of the petition and insisted for grant of refund. He also further pointed out from the documents furnished by the   respondent  no.2  that   his  entitlement  for  refund  is to  the  tune  of  Rs. 4,00,647=36p., however, what all he has asked for is Rs. 2.11 lacs [rounded off]. He argued that in wake of filing of the e­return, all details are already on the net,  therefore, the respondents could have verified all the aspects and given refund   to   the   petitioner.   He   argued   that   even   due   to   inadvertence,   this adjustment of TDS was not given, after the rectification application was made before the respondent no.1, he ought to have responded to the same. He further argued that lack of inter­departmental coordination has resulted into non­grant of refund to the petitioner in time. It is empathetically refuted that requisite documents   were   not   furnished.   He   also   contended   that   despite   extensive computerization   in   the   Income­tax   Department,   no   fruitful   benefits   are available to the assessee.

8.

Learned advocate Ms. Paurami Sheth appearing for the respondent no.2 has argued that the respondent no.2 is the jurisdictional authority which cannot act unless the CPC­Bangalore transfers the details. She further argued that in computation; if at all error is committed, unless the documents are transferred to the respondent no.2, he would not be in a position to act and grant refund, as requested for by the petitioner.

9.

On thus hearing both the sides and on thorough examination of the material on record, at the outset, we would like to note that Section 139 of the Act provides for filing of return, process of which is to be done u/s. 143 (1) of the Act. It would be profitable to reproduce Section 143 (1) of the Act, which reads thus : ­ “143 (1) Where a return has been made under section 139, or in response to a notice under sub­section (1) of section 142, such   return   shall   be   processed   in   the   following   manner, namely :­ (a) the total income or loss shall be computed after making the following adjustments, namely :­ (i) any arithmetical error in the return; or (ii) an incorrect claim, if such  incorrect  claim  is apparent from any information in the return; (b) the tax and interest, if any, shall be computed on the basis of the total income computed under clause (a); (c) the sum payable by, or the amount of refund due to, the assessee shall be determined after adjustment of the tax and interest, if any, computed under clause (b) by any tax deducted at source, any tax collected at source, any advance tax paid, any relief allowable under an agreement under section 90 or section 90A,   or   any   relief   allowable   under   section   91,   any   rebate allowable under Part­A of Chapter VIII, any tax paid on self­ assessment and any amount paid otherwise by way of tax or interest; (d) an intimation shall be prepared or generated and sent to the assessee specifying the sum determined to be payable by, or the amount of refund due to, the assessee under clause (c) ; and (e) the amount of refund due to the assessee in pursuance of the   determination   under   clause   (c)   shall   be   granted   to   the assessee.

10.

Section 139 of the Act requires every person, whose total income exceeds the maximum amount which is not chargeable to income­tax, to file the return on or before the due date. Such return is required to be processed in the manner prescribed under section 143 (1) of the Act. The total income or loss requires to be computed after making certain adjustments – one of which is taking into account the arithmetical error in the return.

11.

On   having   so   done,   an   intimation   is   required   to   be   prepared   or generated and sent to the assessee specifying the sum determined to be either paid by him, or amount of refund due to the assessee. In absence of any arithmetical error or any mistake in the return, on following the computation; as provided under the law, it is expected that the  respondent would need to grant refund under section 143 (1) of the Act; as claimed in the return of income.

12.

The fact is not in dispute that in the case on hand, the return has been filed electronically for the A.Y 2010­11 wherein, the petitioner has made a claim for deduction of TDS as per Form 26AS under section 203AA of the Act. This is also visible from the website of the Department. The total amount of TDS deducted is shown in the Form 26AS is Rs. 4,00647=36p.. This amount is more than what has been claimed in the return of income of the petitioner. The petitioner has also explained that he had earned total freight income of Rs. 1,23,88,721/=.   The   audit   report   declares   his   total   freight   income   of   Rs. 75,91,259/=; after deducting freight expenses of Rs. 47,97,462/=. Thus, the freight income shown by the petitioner in the Profit & Loss Account is net­ freight income – after deducting the freight expenses of Rs. 47,97,462/= from the gross income. According to the petitioner, this method of deducting the expenses from the total freight income is being followed by him consistently for all the years, and therefore, this issue is aptly and sufficiently answered and does not appear to have the bearing on the claim of the petitioner.

12.

1 On examination of the material on record, it appears that Form 26AS, available on the net, clearly reflects different dates on which payment had been credit and the total tax deducted at source by various companies viz., Messrs. Indian Oil Corporation Limited; GAIL India Limited; Futura Travels Limited; Hindustan   Petroleum   Corporation   Limited,   etc.   It   is   apparent   from   the communication in the form of an Order dated 17 th March 2011 issued by the respondent no. 1 that he has not been given credit of TDS of Rs. 3,78,608/= , as is visible from the computation made under section 143 (1) of the Act. Thus, it can be seen that on one hand, in the details available with the Department from Form 26AS, the amount of TDS is to the tune of Rs. 4,00,647=36p. and in the return filed by the petitioner, the claim made by him is to the tune of Rs. 3,78,608/=. However, while passing the final order, there is a complete absence of taking into account the said amount of TDS in the computation as has been accepted by the Department as well. The petitioner is unable to explain as to why he has claimed less amount though the total amount of TDS shown in the department record is Rs. 4,00,647=36p. and   the TDS income claimed is Rs. 3,78,608/=.

13.

Be that as it may, the respondents have not succeeded in bringing anything on the record to indicate any default on the part of the petitioner to furnish any of the documents that have been directed. When the only claim which appears to have been missed out in computation is the TDS amount deducted   by   various   government   companies,   while   detailing   with   the petitioner and when such details are available on­line in Form 26AS, and when these details to the Court have been provided by the learned counsel appearing for the Department, there is no reason why there should be absence of such amount in the final computation of the e­return of the petitioner.

14.

Again, when this came to the knowledge of the petitioner; on having received communication in the form of an order dated 17 th  March 2011, a rectification application appears to have been made which the respondent no.1­ CPC, Bangalore attended to and passed an order dated 27 th October 2011. One glaring aspect that needs to be noted is that the respondent no.2 has reflected rejection of rectification application by way of reproducing a part of the order. However, the respondent no.1 has blissfully chosen not to respond to the notice of this Court, nor order on rectification application is brought on the record. We are not convinced from such reproduction as to in which manner assessee failed   in   furnishing   necessary   details   which   would   have   entitled   the Department to discard the total amount of TDS, while computing the return of the petitioner, when all the details of TDS are available with the Department. What all it needs to do is to compute, as required under section 143 (1) of the Act. Instead of that, the respondents have adamantly continued to take a stand of this being a failure on the part of the petitioner to comply with the directions. We are not impressed with such a stand. On the contrary, we are of the firm opinion that computerization in every Department is objected with a view to facilitate easy access to the assessee and make the system more viable and transparent. In the event of any shortcoming of software programme or any genuine mistake, the Department is expected to respond to such inadvertence spontaneously by rectifying the mistake and give corresponding relief to the assessee. Instead of that, even when it is being brought to the notice of the Department  by the assessee, by a rectification application and subsequent communication, not only it has chosen not to rectify the mistake, but, the lack of inter departmental coordination has driven the assessee to this Court for getting his legitimate due. This attitude for sure does not find favour with the Court, as more responsive and litigant centric system is expected; particularly in the era of computerization. Tax payers friendly regime is promised in this electronic   age.   For   want   of   necessary   coordination   between   the   two departments, the assessee cannot be expected to be sent from pillar to the post.

14.

1 Thus, from the discussion above, it can be very well said that the respondent no. 2 has failed to perform its duty as provided under section 154 of the Act. When a glaring mistake was pointed out to the authority, it ought  to have amended the order of assessment by exercising powers under section 154 of the Act, which in the present case, the authority failed to exercise and consequently, the petitioner was compelled to approach this Court by way of the present petition.

15.

We could not resist ourselves from taking note of details provided in the official   website   of   Income­tax   Department   which   reveals   the   extension   of computerization in the department so far and their vision for the same in this field. “With a view to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of Direct Taxes administration and to create a database on its various aspects, a Comprehensive Computerization programme was   approved   by   the   Government   in   October   1993. In accordance with the programme, computerization was taken up on a three­tier system. In the apex level, a National Computer Centre [NCC] having large computers to maintain data base and   to   execute   processing   work   of   a   global     nature   was envisaged. At the second level, 36 Regional Computer Centres [RCCs] were to be established across the country equipped with large computers to maintain regional databases and to cater to regional processing needs.  All the RCCs were to be connected to the National Computerization Centre through high speed data communication lines. At the third level, computers were to be installed in  the  rooms of  all  the  Assessing Officers and connected with the respective Regional Computer Center for data/information exchange, in a phased manner. Accordingly, in the first phase, Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai City regions were taken up and provided with state of art hardware and software connected with RCC, through inter­city and intra­city linkages. After stabilizing of the computer systems in the 3 RCCs, computerization of 33 other centres covering the rest of the country was taken up in the second phase. The Director General of Income Tax [Systems], {DIT [S]}, New Delhi was made the main nodal authority for overall planning   and   implementation   of   the   computerization programme; including procurement of hardware and software and   development/installation   of   application   software.   In addition, at each RCC, the Chief Commissioner of Income Tax [CCIT] was required to monitor and co­ordinate with the DIT [S]. He would be assisted by CIT [Computer Operations] who would monitor the functioning of the RCC. The main objectives of the computerization programme, as   approved   by   the   Committee   on   Non­Plan   Expenditure [CNE], were – (a) to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of tax   administration;   (b)   to   ensure   timely   availability   and utilization of  information; (c) to reduce compliance burden on honest tax payers; (d) to enhance equitable treatment of tax payers   of   income­tax   and   procedures;   (e)   to   ensure   better enforcement   of   tax   laws;   (f)   to   provide   management   with reliable and accurate information in time so as to assist them in tax planning and legislation and also in decision making; (g) to broaden th tax base; and (h) to keep the cost of administration at an acceptable level over a period of time.”

15.

1 Thus, computerization of the Income Tax Department when has undergone the exercise of ‘a comprehensive business process re­engineering’, it is expected that Department’s wish to herald ‘Tax payers friendly regime’ becomes the reality. A ‘paradigm shift is programmed‘ as tax payers’ population has been growing exponentially, ushering all the imperative changes and modernization of administration.

15.

2 If the Centralized Processing Center meant for return processing, accounts, refund, storage of data etc. adds to the difficulties of the Tax payers, due to lack of distribution of work between back office and front office, and that too, after having been pointed out the actual error, a serious re­look is expected.

16.

Resultantly, this petition succeeds. Respondents are directed to take into account the total sum of TDS as is reflected in Form 26AS and after computing such TDS amount, issue refund in the name of the petitioner. As mentioned hereinabove, the sum claimed by the petitioner towards TDS is Rs. 3,78,608/=, however, in Form 26AS, the amount of TDS is Rs. 4,00,064=36 paise. As the petitioner has chosen not to make any amendment in the petitioner, at present, while allowing his refund claim of Rs. 2,11,415/=; as requested for by the petitioner, he is also being permitted to make additional claim of refund, which shall be considered by the respondents in accordance with law and permit him more refund; if he is entitled to. The exercise of granting refund to the petitioner must be completed within four weeks from the date of receipt of this order. Rule made absolute accordingly. In the facts and circumstances of the case, we would have imposed the costs, however, as Shri Majmudar, learned advocate appearing on behalf of the petitioner has not insisted for costs, there shall be no order as to costs. {M.R Shah, J.} {Ms. Sonia Gokani, J.} Prakash*

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