M/S. HEMANT TRADERS vs. INCOME TAX OFFICER, WARD 22(3)(1), NOW WARD 28(1)(2) AND ANR

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WP/2308/2015HC BombayHCBM01009042201531 March 2015Author: HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE A. K. MENON,HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE S.C. DHARMADHIKARI8 pages
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What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the precondition for issuing a notice under Section 148, as per Section 147, is the satisfaction that income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment for the relevant assessment year. The survey report dated April 2, 2012, based on an authorization dated January 7, 2011, pertained to allegations of hoarding and price fluctuation of potatoes. While the survey found minor discrepancies, such as a cash shortage of Rs. 5020 and a physical stock of 672 bags of potatoes, these were explained. The court found that neither the survey report nor any other material indicated that income chargeable to tax for AY 2010-11 had escaped assessment. Consequently, the Assessing Officer had no basis to form a belief of escapement. The court concluded that the reasons recorded were insufficient to satisfy the legal requirement for reopening. Therefore, the writ petition was allowed, and the notice and reassessment proceedings were quashed at the threshold, preventing undue harassment to the assessee. No issue was expressly left undecided.

What were the facts?

The assessee, M/s. Hemant Traders, a partnership firm registered as a commission agent, filed its return of income for Assessment Year (AY) 2010-11 on October 14, 2010. The return was processed under Section 143(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, and an intimation was issued on February 20, 2012. The assessee claimed a profit of Rs. 13,81,880, which was reportedly accepted. A survey under Section 133A was conducted on January 7, 2011, pertaining to AY 2011-12, at the assessee's premises. The survey report, dated April 2, 2012, did not mention any discrepancies for AY 2010-11. On March 6, 2014, the Income Tax Officer issued a notice under Section 148 for AY 2010-11, stating that income chargeable to tax had escaped assessment. The assessee sought reasons for reopening, which were provided on July 15, 2014.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the notice issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, for reopening assessment for AY 2010-11 is valid and in conformity with law, given that the reasons recorded were based on a survey report that did not contain any specific findings for the said AY? Assessee's Contention: The assessee argued that there were no reasons, let alone a belief, that income chargeable to tax had escaped assessment. The survey report, which formed the basis for reopening for AYs 2009-10, 2010-11, and 2011-12, was conducted on January 7, 2011, and did not contain any findings for AY 2010-11. Therefore, the notice was ex facie bad in law and the proceedings were without jurisdiction. Revenue's Contention: The revenue contended that while the survey and its report might have been the reason for issuing the notice, there was an independent satisfaction that income chargeable to tax had escaped assessment. The assessee should have raised these contentions before the Assessing Officer, and the High Court should not interfere in writ jurisdiction at this stage.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 147,Section 148,Section 143(1),Section 133A

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

1 1.wp2311 & 2308.15(civil).doc sbw IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION WRIT PETITION NO.2308 OF 2015 WITH WRIT PETITION NO.2311 OF 2015 M/s. Hemant Traders ] E­97, APMC Market Yard ] Vashi, Turbhe ] Navi Mumbai­400 705. ] ..Petitioner ­Versus­ 1] Income Tax Officer ] Ward 22(3)(1) ] Now [Ward 28(1)(2), 3rd floor ] Tower No.6 Vashi Railway Station ] Compex, Vashi, Navi Mumbai. ] 2] Income Tax Officer ] Ward 28(1)(5) ] 3rd floor, Tower No.6, Vashi ] Railway Station Complex, Vashi ] Navi Mumbai. ] ..Respondents

........... Ms. Ritika Agarwal i/b. K.D. Jadhwani  for the Petitioner. Mr. S. V. Bharucha  for the Respondents. ...........

CORAM: S. C. DHARMADHIKARI AND      A. K. MENON,JJ. DATE :­  31st MARCH, 2015. ORAL JUDGMENT:­ Having heard both sides and finding that a very short point is 1/8 CNR No : HCBM010090422015 Uploaded on - 22/08/2020

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wp2311 & 2308.15(civil).doc involved, we dispose of this Writ Petition finally by this order. 2] Rule.  The Respondents waive service. 3] By this Writ Petition under Article 226 of the constitution of India, the Petitioner seeks the following relief : “(a) to issue writ, order or direction to Respondent No.1 and Respondent No.2 quashing the reopening proceedings initiated under section 147 of the Act for Assessment Year 2010­2011. (b)   to   declare   the   notice   issued   under   section   148(2)   as invalid and illegal and not in conformity with law.” 4] The facts and circumstances in which these reliefs are sought are that   the   Petitioner   is   a   partnership   firm   registered   under   the   Indian Partnership Act, 1932. It is registered as a commission agent of the Onion Potato Market under the Agricultural Produce Market Committee, Vashi, Navi Mumbai.   The Petitioner firm is regularly assessed to income tax. The Petitioner filed a return of income for assessment year 2010­11 on 14th   October, 2010. Along with this return, they have filed an audit report, audited balance sheet and profit and loss account for the year ended 31st March, 2010. The said return was processed and intimation dated 20th February, 2012 under section 143(1) of the Income Tax Act was issued wherein  the clarification was sought but the assessment order was 2/8 Uploaded on - 22/08/2020

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wp2311 & 2308.15(civil).doc not passed.  It is the claim of the Petitioner­Assesee that the profit claimed in the return of income amounting to Rs.13,81,880/­ was accepted. 5] In the meanwhile, the survey action under section 133A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 was carried out on 7th January, 2011 at the business premises of the Petitioner at Navi Mumbai.   This was pertaining to the assessment year 2011­12. The survey party did not find any discrepancy in the books of accounts.  The survey report (Annexure C) dated 2ndApril, 2002   was   forwarded   by   the   Deputy   Director   of   Income   Tax (Investigations)   Unit­IV,   Mumbai   to   the   first   Respondent   to   this   Writ Petition. However, the Petitioner states that this report did not contain any reference of any transactions for assessment year 2010­11. 6] On 6th March, 2014 the first Respondent issued a notice purporting to be under section 148 of the Income Tax Act for the assessment year 2010­11. A copy of this notice is to be found at page 81 of the paper book wherein it is stated that the Assessing Officer is satisfied that the income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment for the assessment year 2010­

11.

In   response   to   this   notice,   the   Assessee   sought   the   reasons   for reopening of the assessment by an application dated 23rd May, 2014. A copy of which is marked at page 82 of the paper book. 3/8 Uploaded on - 22/08/2020

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wp2311 & 2308.15(civil).doc 7] However, on 30th June, 2014 the Income Tax Officer sought certain information   and   production   of   documents   from   the   Assessee.     The Assessee replied to the same and pointed out that a copy of the 'reasons recorded' have not been supplied and reiterated the said demand. 8] Thereupon   the   copy   of   'reasons   recorded'   were   supplied   by   a communication dated 15th July, 2014. 9] It is claimed that these reasons are recorded at the time of issuance of notice under section 148. The same read as under: “A survey action under section 133A of the Income Tax, Act, 1961 was carried out by the DDIT (Inv.), Unit­VII(2), Mumbai on 7th January, 2011 at the business premises of the Assessee at E­ 97/C­76, APMC Market Yard, Vashi, Turbhe, Navi Mumbai and on the basis of survey Report forwarded to this office, the case is reopened   under   section   147   of   the   Income   Tax,   1961   for Assessment Year 2009­10, 2010­11 and 2011­12. Notice under section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 is hereby issued to the Assessee.” 10] The Petitioners counsel would submit that there are no reasons much less leading to a belief that income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment.     The   survey   report   is   made   the   basis   for   reopening   the assessment and for assessment years 2009­10, 2010­11 and 2011­12. The survey is stated to be of 7th January, 2011. In the circumstances, there is 4/8 Uploaded on - 22/08/2020

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wp2311 & 2308.15(civil).doc no satisfaction recorded that any income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment and as pointed out in the survey report or from such other relevant material.  It is, therefore, submitted that the notice is ex facie bad in   law   and   the   proceedings   in   pursuance   thereof   are   totally   without jurisdiction. 11] Mrs. Bharucha, the learned counsel, appearing on behalf of the Respondents submits that in the affidavit in reply, it is pointed out as to how this notice was justified.  The reason for issuing it may be the survey and   the   report   thereof   but   there   is   an   independent   satisfaction   that income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment.  In such circumstances, she submits that the Petitioner­Assessee should appear before the Income Tax   Officer   and   he   has   all   opportunity   in   law   to   raise   contentions challenging the reassessment and on merits.   At this stage, this Court should not interfere in writ jurisdiction and merely because another view is possible.  She submits that the Writ Petition be dismissed. 12] With the assistance of the learned counsel appearing for both sides, we have perused the Petition paper book and the relevant annexures.  The pre­condition for issuing the notice under section 148 is the satisfaction and in terms of section 147 that an income chargeable to tax has escaped 5/8 Uploaded on - 22/08/2020

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wp2311 & 2308.15(civil).doc assessment and in the relevant assessment year.  The survey report dated 2nd  April,   2012   indicates   that   on   the   basis   of   authorisation   dated 7/1/2011   which   records   that   there   is   a   group   of   Assesses   which   is engaged in wholesale trading of Potato on commission basis.  The survey was conducted based on the allegations that these parties are resorting to hoarding of potatoes and making huge profits by fluctuating the day to day price of potatoes in the market. During the course of survey,   the Assessee's   manual   books   of   accounts,   cash   balance,   stock   etc.   were physically verified and inventory was prepared. The back­up of the books of accounts maintained on computer has been taken and impounded for further verification. The details of the group's bank accounts have been obtained and kept on record.  The further contents of this report would reveal that there were some discrepancies and which are very minor in nature.  Therefore , the cash physically found was short of Rs.5020/­ for which it is explained that the same pertains to day to day and misc. expenses incurred on the day of survey.  Secondly, the physical stock of 672 bags of potato was found.  The explanation for the same is recorded. 13] Thus, neither the survey report nor any other material indicates that any income chargeable to tax for the relevant assessment year has escaped assessment.   The Assessing Officer, therefore, had nothing before him 6/8 Uploaded on - 22/08/2020

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wp2311 & 2308.15(civil).doc which would enable him to record his belief that any such escapement has taken   place.     In   the   circumstances,   the   reasons   recorded   and   which pertain to all the assessment years prior and subsequent to the survey can hardly satisfy requirement in law.   This is not how the power under section   147   should   be   exercised.     That   is   to   be   exercised   and   in exceptional cases. It should not be exercised as a manner of routine and merely because some survey of this nature had taken place.  At any point of time and when there was shortage of potato in the market, that such powers  of survey were invoked.  If nothing has been found therein which would indicate escapement of income and chargeable to tax, then, the basis for reopening ought not be such survey actions and the report. Something more was required in law for the Assessing Officer to exercise his powers. 14] As a result of the above discussion, we find that it is not possible to agree with Mrs. Bharucha that writ jurisdiction of this Court should not be exercised to interfere with a notice and at the threshold. Once we find that the foundation or basis for initiation of reassessment proceedings is such   a   communication   and   which   does   not   contain   the   requisite satisfaction or reasons for the belief, then, we are required to step in and at the threshold itself. We cannot allow the Assessing Officer to continue 7/8 Uploaded on - 22/08/2020

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wp2311 & 2308.15(civil).doc the   proceedings   and   which   may   cause   undue   harassment   and embarrassment to Assessee like the Petitioner. When there is absolutely no material   to   institute   the   proceedings   or   issue   the   notice   proposing reassessment of income, then, it is the duty of the Court to interfere and quash the proceedings at the threshold. In these circumstances, this Writ Petition is allowed.  Rule is made absolute in terms of prayer clause (a) and (b).  There would be no orders as to costs. (A. K. MENON, J.) (S. C. DHARMADHIKARI, J.) wadhwa 8/8 Uploaded on - 22/08/2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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