ADANI EXPORTS vs. INCOME TAX OFFICER

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SCA/2120/2015HC GujaratGJHC24005391201529 April 2015Author: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE M.R. SHAH,HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE S.H.VORA12 pages
AI SummaryDismissed

What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the petitioner cannot challenge the notice under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, at this stage. The Court reasoned that the petitioner participated in the reassessment proceedings initiated by the Section 148 notice without challenging it. Subsequently, the reassessment proceedings were dropped by the Assessing Officer through a one-line order, which lacked application of mind regarding the Section 10AA exemption. This dropping of proceedings led to a show-cause notice from the Commissioner under Section 263, initiating revision proceedings. The Court found the challenge to the Section 148 notice to be malafide and an afterthought, especially since the petitioner only raised this challenge after the Section 263 notice was issued. Regarding the argument of consistency for Section 10AA exemption, the Court noted that the initial allowance in AY 2007-08 was under Section 143(1) without detailed discussion, and subsequent mechanical allowances in later years did not prevent reopening of the issue, subject to Section 147 conditions. Therefore, the petition was dismissed.

What were the facts?

The petitioner, Adani Exports, a partnership firm engaged in manufacturing and export of gold jewellery from a Special Economic Zone (SEZ), challenged a notice dated 29.03.2014 issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, for reopening the assessment for AY 2007-08. The petitioner also initially challenged a show-cause notice dated 26.11.2014 issued under Section 263 by the Principal Commissioner of Income Tax. However, the petitioner later restricted the petition to challenging only the Section 148 notice. The original return for AY 2007-08 was processed under Section 143(1), declaring an income of Rs. 309. Subsequently, the Assessing Officer issued the Section 148 notice, alleging income had escaped assessment due to failure to disclose full and true facts. The reassessment proceedings were completed on 25.05.2014, dropping the initiated proceedings.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the notice issued under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, for reopening the assessment for AY 2007-08 is bad in law and invalid because it was initiated at the instance of an audit party without tangible fresh material or a change of opinion. Assessee's Arguments: - The Section 148 notice is bad in law as it was initiated at the instance of an audit party. - There was no tangible fresh material except an incorrect audit objection, which the Assessing Officer was not convinced by and which was ultimately dropped. - The initiation of reassessment proceedings under Section 147 is bad in law. - In subsequent years, exemption under Section 10AA was consistently allowed in similar circumstances, necessitating consistency for AY 2007-08. - Relied on decisions in Radhasoami Satsang v. CIT, Taraben Ramanbhai Patel v. ITO, CIT v. N.P. Mathew (Decd.), and Director of Income Tax (Exemptions) v. Escorts Cardiac Diseases Hospital Society. Revenue's Arguments: - The petitioner participated in the reassessment proceedings without challenging the Section 148 notice. - The reassessment order dated 25.06.2014 was a one-line order, indicating a lack of application of mind by the Assessing Officer regarding the Section 10AA exemption. - The reassessment order was taken under revision by the Commissioner under Section 263. - The challenge to the Section 148 notice is malafide and an afterthought. - The exemption under Section 10AA in AY 2007-08 was allowed under Section 143(1) without discussion, and subsequent mechanical allowance in later years does not preclude reopening.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 148,Section 147,Section 143(3),Section 263,Section 10AA,Section 143(1)

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
C/SCA/2120/2015 JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION  NO. 2120 of 2015   For Approval and Signature:  HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.R. SHAH Sd/­ and HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE S.H.VORA Sd/­ ============================================= 1      Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see  the judgment ? No 2      To be referred to the Reporter or not ? No 3      Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the  judgment ? No 4      Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as  to the interpretation of the Constitution of India or any  order made thereunder ? No ============================================= ADANI EXPORTS....Petitioner(s) Versus INCOME TAX OFFICER  &  1....Respondent(s) ============================================= Appearance: MR SN SOPARKAR, SR. ADVOCATE with MR B S SOPARKAR, ADVOCATE for Petitioner MRS MAUNA M BHATT, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 1 ­ 2 ============================================= CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.R. SHAH and HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE S.H.VORA   Date : 29/04/2015

ORAL JUDGMENT (PER : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.R. SHAH) [1.0] By way of this petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India,   the   petitioner   has   challenged   the   impugned   notice   dated 29.03.2014 (Annexure­A to the petition) issued by the Assessing Officer under section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (hereinafter referred to as “Act”) to reopen the assessment for AY 2007­08 (Annexure­A1 to the petition) as well as the impugned notice dated 26.11.2014 (Annexure­ A2 to the petition) issued by the proposed Commissioner of Income Tax, Ahmedabad05 – Revisional Authority by which in exercise of powers under Section 263 of the Act, the petitioner has called upon to show­ cause why the assessment made under section 143(3) read with section 147 of the Act dated 25.06.2014 may not be treated as erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of the Revenue and by which the petitioner assessee has been called upon and/or required to show cause why the assessment may not be re­framed by making additions as suggested in the said show­cause notice. [1.1] At the outset it is required to be noted that Shri Soparkar, learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of the petitioner does not press the prayer   challenging   the   impugned   show­cause  notice   at   Annexure­A2 dated 26.11.2014 issued by the Principal Commissioner of Income Tax, Ahmedabad­5 issued under Section 263 of the Act with a liberty to make appropriate submissions before the appropriate Authority who has issued the notice under Section 263 of the Act, if required. He has stated at the Bar that therefore, the present petition be restricted to challenging the notice dated 29.03.2014 issued under Section 148 of the Act by the Assessing Officer to reopen the assessment for AY 2007­08 only.

[2.0] The facts leading to the  present  Special Civil  Application and which are necessary for deciding the present Special Civil Application in nut­shell are as under: [2.1] That the petitioner assessee who according to the petitioner is a partnership firm and derives income from business of manufacturing and export of gold jewellery, which activities are carried out from the Special Economic Zone (SEZ), Surat filed the return of income for the AY 2007­ 08 on 24.10.2007 declaring income at Rs.309. The said return was processed under section 143(1) of the Act. It appears that subsequently the Assessing Officer noticed that the income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment on account of the failure on the part of the assessee to disclose full and true facts and therefore, the notice under section 148 of the Act dated 29.03.2014 was issued and served upon the assessee (notice dated 29.03.2014 is the subject matter of present Special Civil Application).   That   thereafter   the   petitioner   participated   in   the reassessment   proceedings   and   the   Assessing   Officer   completed   the assessment under section 143(3) of the Act read with section 147 of the Act and passed the reassessment order on 25.05.2014  dropping the proceedings   which   were   initiated.   That   thereafter   the   Revisional Authority – Principal Commissioner of Income Tax, Ahmedabad­5 had issued the show­cause notice dated 26.11.2014 under section 263 of the Act   having   opined   and   satisfied   that   the   reassessment   order   dated 25.05.2014   dropping   the   reassessment   proceeding   is   erroneous   and prejudicial to the interest of the Revenue. That after having been served with   the   show­cause   notice   under   section   263   of   the   Act   dated 26.11.2014 by which the petitioner has been called upon to show cause why the order dated 25.06.2014 dropping the reassessment proceedings be not considered as erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of the Revenue and by which the petitioner assessee has been called upon to show­cause as to why the assessment be not re­framed by making the additions   as   suggested   in   the   said   show­cause   notice   issued   under section 263 of the Act, the petitioner has preferred the present Special Civil Application in the month of January 2015 initially challenging both the   notices   i.e.   notice   issued   under   section   148   of   the   Act   dated 29.03.2014 and the subsequent show­cause notice issued under section 263 of the Act, however as recorded hereinabove, Shri Soparkar, learned Senior Advocate does not press the present petition to challenge the subsequent show­cause notice dated 26.11.2014 issued under section 263 of the Act and therefore, the challenge in the present Special Civil Application would be with respect to the notice dated 29.03.2014 issued under section 148 of the Act only. [3.0] Shri   Soparkar,   learned   Counsel   appearing   on   behalf   of   the petitioner has vehemently submitted that the notice under section 148 of the Act is absolutely bad and invalid inasmuch as it was at the instance of   the   audit   party.   It   is   submitted   that   as   the   initiation   of   the reassessment proceedings itself is / was bad in law and invalid, the subsequent reassessment order also cannot be sustained and the same deserves to be quashed and set aside. [3.1]   Shri   Soparkar,   learned   Counsel   appearing   on   behalf   of   the petitioner has further submitted that at the time when the reassessment proceedings were initiated by issuing the notice under section 148 of the Act, there was no tangible fresh material except the incorrect audit objection regarding which even the Assessing Officer was not convinced and the objection was not accepted and was ultimately dropped. It is submitted   that   in   these   circumstances  the   initiation   of   reassessment proceedings under section 147 of the Act would be bad in law. It is further submitted by Shri Soparkar, learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioner that even otherwise during all the subsequent years completed after thorough scrutiny, exemption under section 10AA of the Act was consistently allowed in similar facts and circumstances. It is submitted that therefore consistency of approach has to be adopted for the present assessment year also. In support of his above submissions, he has heavily relied upon the following decisions of the Hon’ble Supreme as well as different High Courts.

1.

Radhasoami Satsang v. CIT [1992]193 ITR 321

2.

Taraben Ramanbhai Patel v. ITO [1995]215 ITR 323 (Guj.)

3.

CIT v. N.P. Mathew (Decd.) [2006]280 ITR 44 (Kerala)

4.

Director of Income Tax (Exemptions) v. Escorts Cardiac Diseases Hospital Society [2008]300 ITR 75 [3.2] Shri   Soparkar,   learned   Counsel   appearing   on   behalf   of   the petitioner   has relied  upon the  following  decisions   in support  of  his submission   that   as   the   initiation   of   reassessment   proceedings   is absolutely on the audit objection and/or on change of opinion without there   being   any   tangible   material   and   therefore,   the   same   is impermissible and/or invalid.

1.

Calcutta Discount Co. Ltd. v. Income­Tax Officer [1961]41 ITR 191 (Guj.)

2.

Jagan Nath Singhal v. Deputy Commissioner of Income­Tax & Anr. [2000]242 ITR 554 (P&H)

3.

Commissioner of Income Tax v. Kelvinator of India Ltd. [2010]320 ITR 561 (SC)

4.

Parixit Industries Ltd. v. Assistant Commissioner of Income­Tax [2013]352 ITR 349 (Guj.)

5.

Synbiotics Ltd. v. Assistant Commissioner of Income­Tax [2015]370 ITR 119 (Guj.) [3.3] Shri   Soparkar,   learned   Counsel   appearing   on   behalf   of   the petitioner has further submitted that even at this stage i.e. after the concluded reassessment proceedings and after the reassessment order, petitioner can still challenge the reopening of the assessment. He has submitted that if the notice under section 148 is bad, it is bad for all times to come and therefore, it is bad for all times and all purposes and even despite the fact that the reassessment order is in his favour, the assessee can still challenge the initiation of the reassessment proceedings and/or reopening of the assessment. No other submissions have been made. Making above submissions and relying upon above decisions it is requested to allow the present Special Civil Application and grant the relief as prayed for. [4.0] Present   petition   is   opposed   by   Mrs.   Bhatt,   learned   Counsel appearing on behalf of the Revenue. Mrs. Bhatt, learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the Revenue has vehemently submitted that in the facts and circumstances of the case, now it is not open for the petitioner to challenge the notice under Section 148 of the Act and it is not open for the petitioner now to challenge the initiation of the reassessment proceedings. [4.1] It is submitted that as such after the notice under section 148 of the   Act,   the   petitioner   participated   in   the   reassessment   proceedings without raising any objection whatsoever with respect to the initiation of the   reassessment   proceedings.   It   is   submitted   that   not   only   that, thereafter even the reassessment order has been passed. It is submitted that even at that stage also, the petitioner did not thought it fit to challenge the initiation of the reassessment proceedings. It is submitted that only thereafter when in exercise of powers under section 263 of the Act, the order of reassessment is taken under revision as it is found that the reassessment order is absolutely without application of mind and prejudicial to the interest of Revenue and only thereafter and having been served with the notice under Section 263 of the Act, now the petitioner has challenged the notice under Section 148 of the Act which in the facts and circumstances of the case is not permissible now. [4.2] It is further submitted by Mrs. Bhatt, learned Counsel appearing on   behalf   of   the   Revenue   that   to   challenge   the   initiation   of   the reassessment proceedings is nothing but an afterthought and having realized and found and/or apprehending that in the proceedings now under   section   263   of   the   Act,   the   reassessment   order   cannot   be sustained. [4.3] It is further submitted by Mrs. Bhatt, learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the Revenue that even the exemption under Section 10AA of the Act was granted to the petitioner in the first year i.e. AY 2007­08 (year   under   consideration)   without   any   scrutiny   and   the   intimation under section 143(1) of the Act was given and in the subsequent years the same has been mechanically followed. It is submitted that therefore when the original assessment for AY 2007­08 was reopened, as such the AO was required to consider the issue/grant of exemption under Section 10AA of the Act in detail, however and instead the Assessing Officer in the   reassessment   proceedings   also   dropped   the   reassessment proceedings without considering the issue in detail. It is submitted that

therefore   when   as   such   the   reassessment   order   is   in   favour   of   the petitioner and which is now taken under revision by the Commissioner in exercise of powers under Section 263 of the Act, it is requested not to entertain the present petition challenging the notice under Section 148 of the Act. It is submitted that therefore none of the decisions which have been relied upon by the learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioner in support of challenge to the notice under Section 148 of the Act would be applicable to the facts of the case on hand and/or shall be of any assistance to the petitioner. [5.0] Heard learned Counsel appearing on behalf of respective parties at length. At the outset it is required to be noted that now the only challenge in the present petition is the notice under Section 148 of the Act to reopen the   assessment   for   AY   2007­08   i.e.   the   notice   dated   29.03.2014. However, it is required to be noted that the petitioner filed the return of income on 25.10.2007 for AY 2007­08 claiming the exemption under Section 10AA of the Act of Rs.72 Crores. It is required to be noted that for claiming the exemption under Section 10AA of the Act the AY 2007­ 08 was the first year. No scrutiny notice was issued and the AO accepted the return filed by the petitioner ­ assessee by sending the intimation under Section 143(1) of the Act and without any further inquiry in detail and/or even any discussion on the issue with respect to the exemption claimed under section 10AA of the Act, and accepted the return and allowed the exemption under Section 10AA of the Act claimed by the assessee. That by notice dated 29.03.2014, the assessment for AY 2007­ 08   was   reopened.   That   the   petitioner   assessee   participated   in   the reassessment   proceedings,   initiated   pursuant   to   the   aforesaid   notice dated 29.03.2014. At  this  stage it  is  required  to  be noted  that  the petitioner   at   that   stage   did   not   challenge   the   initiation   of   the reassessment proceedings and/or even the notice under Section 148 of the Act and he participated in the reassessment proceedings without raising any objection whatsoever. That the Assessing Officer by order dated 25.06.2014 dropped the assessment proceedings for AY 2007­08, pursuant to the notice under Section 148 of the Act on 29.03.2014, by a one line order which reads as under: “Order dropping re­assessment proceedings In this case, the re­assessment proceedings initiated by way of issue of notice u/s.148 of the I.T. Act on 29.03.2014 is hereby dropped.” [5.1] It is required to be noted at this stage that even at that stage also the petitioner did not challenge the notice under Section 148 of the Act dated 29.03.2014, obviously because the reassessment proceedings were dropped. That thereafter the Commissioner has issued the show­cause notice under Section 263 of the Act on 26.11.2014 and has taken the order  of reassessment dated 25.06.2014  under  suo moto  revision.  It appears that having realized and/or apprehending that the one line order of reassessment dated 25.06.2014 cannot be sustained and/or has no legs to stand, as an afterthought now the petitioner has challenged the notice under Section 148 of the Act. At this stage it is required to be noted that initially the petitioner challenged the notice under Section 148 of the Act dated 29.03.2014 as well as the show­cause notice under Section 263 of the Act dated 26.11.2014, however for the reasons best known, the petitioner has restricted the present petition with respect to challenge to the notice under Section 148 of the Act dated 29.03.2014 only. [5.2] Considering the aforesaid facts and circumstances of the case and in the facts and circumstances of the case narrated hereinabove, the petitioner   now   cannot   be   permitted   to   challenge   the   notice   under Section 148 of the Act and initiation of the reopening of the assessment for AY 2007­08. Having participated in the reassessment proceedings without challenging the reassessment proceedings and/or reopening of the assessment for AY 2007­08 and thereafter the reassessment order in favour of the petitioner and thereafter the show­cause notice under Section 263 of the Act dated 26.11.2014 by which the reassessment order dated 25.06.2014 is taken under revision, thereafter now it is not open for the petitioner to challenge the notice under Section 148 of the Act and/or reopening of the assessment for AY 2007­08, as the same is malafide and nothing but an afterthought. It is required to be noted that if the reassessment order dated 25.06.2014 was not taken under revision by   the   Commissioner   under   Section   263   of   the   Act,   naturally   the petitioner would not have challenged the notice under Section 148 of the Act. At the cost of repetition it is required to be noted that the reassessment order dated 25.06.2014 is a one line order reproduced hereinabove and there is no application of mind by the Assessing Officer with respect to the issue / claim under Section 10AA of the Act claimed by the assessee and which was accepted by the Assessing Officer earlier. [5.3] At this stage it is also required to be noted that AY 2007­08 was the first year with respect to claim under Section 10AA of the Act and the Assessing Officer without any further discussion and/or considering the exemption claimed under Section 10AA of the Act in detail accepted the return filed by the assessee and sent the intimation under Section 143(1) of the Act. There was no scrutiny assessment under Section 143(3) of the Act at the time of original assessment. That is how the assessment for AY 2007­08 was reopened for which the notice under Section 148 of the Act dated 29.03.2014 was issued. However, again without any application of mind by the Assessing Officer and without any further discussion with respect to the exemption under Section 10AA of the Act claimed by the assessee and/or any further discussion on the aforesaid  issue,  by  passing  one  line order  the  Assessing  Officer  has dropped the reassessment proceedings, which has given rise to the show­ cause notice by the Commissioner under Section 263 of the Act. Under the circumstances, none of the decisions relied upon by the learned Counsel   appearing   on   behalf   of   the   petitioners   in   support   of   his submission challenging the notice under Section 148 of the Act are required to be considered and/or none of them shall be applicable to the facts   of   the   case   on   hand.   As   observed   hereinabove,   once   having participated in the reassessment proceedings without challenging the notice   under   Section   148   of   the   Act   and   thereafter   reassessment proceedings are dropped and thereafter a show­cause notice has been issued by the Commissioner taking the reassessment order [which is a one line order] under revision, in such facts and circumstances of the case, it is not open for the petitioner now to challenge the notice under Section 148 of the Act. As observed hereinabove, it is nothing but a malafide and an afterthought. Therefore, in the facts and circumstances of the case, petitioner now cannot be permitted to challenge the notice under Section 148 of the Act. [5.4] Now, so far as the submission of Shri Soparkar, learned Counsel appearing   on   behalf   of   the   petitioner   that   in   subsequent   years   the benefit/exemption under Section 10AA of the Act has been allowed by the   Assessing   Officer   and   therefore,   on   the   principle   of   Rule   of Consistency,   it   is  not   permissible   to   open  the   issue  with   respect   to exemption under Section 10AA of the Act with respect to the first year is concerned, the aforesaid has no substance. As observed hereinabove, in the first year i.e. AY 2007­08, the Assessing Officer accepted the return accepting the exemption under Section 10AA of the Act claimed by the assessee   and   sent   the   intimation   under   Section   143(1)   of   the   Act, without any discussion on the issue / exemption under Section 10AA of the Act claimed by the assessee. As the same was allowed in the first year which was without any discussion at all and it was an intimation under Section 143(3) of the Act, in the subsequent years the Assessing Officers have mechanically allowed the exemption under Section 10AA of   the   Act   claimed   by   the   assessee.   That   does   not   mean   that   the exemption under Section 10AA of the Act allowed by the Assessing Officers   in   the   first   year,   which   was   allowed   without   any   further

discussion and/or without applying any mind, cannot be reopened. The same can always be permitted to be reopened, however subject to the conditions   being   fulfilled   under   Section   147   of   the   Act.   Under   the circumstances, on the aforesaid ground, the notice under Section 148 of the   Act   cannot   be   quashed   and   set   aside.   However,   as   observed hereinabove, as such it is not open for the petitioner now to challenge the notice under Section 148 of the Act in the facts and circumstances of the case narrated hereinabove. [6.0] In view of the above and for the reasons stated above, present Special Civil Application fails and the same deserves to be dismissed and is, accordingly, dismissed. Rule is discharged. Ad­interim relief, if any, stands vacated forthwith. ­ (M.R. SHAH, J.) ­ (S.H. VORA, J.) Ajay

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