MEHTA LABORATORIES THROUGH PARTNER KAUSHIK MAYACHAND MEHTA vs. THE PRINCIPAL CHIEF COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX 2

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SCA/222/2019HC GujaratGJHC24000732201907 January 2020Author: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA,HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA6 pages
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What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that for compounding an offence under Section 276C(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the permissible payment is 100% of the tax sought to be evaded, not 100% of the amount of income sought to be evaded. The Court referred to its own decision in Supernova System Pvt. Ltd. Vs. CCIT-2, which interpreted the CBDT's guidelines of December 23, 2014. Paragraph 12.2 of these guidelines prescribes 100% of the amount sought to be evaded for Section 276C(1) offences. The Court reasoned that Section 276C(1) itself links the severity of punishment to the amount sought to be evaded, which refers to tax, penalty, or interest. Therefore, the 'amount sought to be evaded' in the context of compounding fees under the circular must be understood as the tax evaded. The Court set aside the impugned communication demanding fees based on concealed income and directed a fresh computation based on tax evaded. It noted that the petitioner had already paid the disputed amount under protest and ordered a refund of any excess amount.

What were the facts?

The petitioner, Mehta Laboratories, a partnership firm dealing in lubricating oil and petroleum products, was subjected to a search on October 11, 1984. Incriminating material and gold ornaments were seized. Assessment orders for Assessment Years (AY) 1983-84 to 1985-86 were passed with additions for cash credit and bogus purchases. Appeals to the CIT(A) and ITAT were partly allowed. In 1987, criminal complaints were filed under Sections 276C(1), 271, 278B, and 278 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, for AYs 1983-84, 1984-85, and 1985-86. The petitioner applied for compounding of offences on June 1, 2017. The Assessing Officer calculated the compounding fees based on the amount of concealed income, which the petitioner objected to, arguing it should be based on the tax evaded.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the compounding fee for an offence under Section 276C(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, should be 100% of the amount sought to be evaded or 100% of the tax sought to be evaded? (Question of law) Assessee's contentions: The petitioner argued that the compounding fee should be calculated at 100% of the tax evaded, not 100% of the income evaded. They relied on the Gujarat High Court's decision in Supernova System Pvt. Ltd. Vs. CCIT-2. Revenue's contentions: The respondent department stated that they had accepted the decision in Supernova System Pvt. Ltd. and the relevant Board Circular, and agreed that the petitioner was required to pay 100% of the tax sought to be evaded, not 100% of the income sought to be evaded.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 276C(1),Section 132(5),Section 271,Section 278B,Section 278

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
C/SCA/217/2019 JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 217 of 2019 With R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 221 of 2019 With R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 222 of 2019 FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA and HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA ========================================================== 1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ? NO 2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? NO 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? NO 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India or any order made thereunder ? NO ========================================================== MEHTA LABORATORIES THROUGH PARTNER KAUSHIK MAYACHAND MEHTA Versus THE PRINCIPAL CHIEF COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX 2 ========================================================== Appearance: MR. HARDIK V VORA(7123) for the Petitioner(s) No. 1 MRS MAUNA M BHATT(174) for the Respondent(s) No. 1,2 ========================================================== CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA and HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA   Date : 07/01/2020

COMMON ORAL JUDGMENT (PER : HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA)

1.

Rule returnable forthwith. Mr. Karn Sanghani, the learned counsel appearing for Mrs. Mauna Bhatt, the  learned Senior Standing Counsel waives service of notice of rule for and on behalf of the respondents.

2.

Since the issues raised in all the captioned writ­applications are the same, those were heard analogously and are being disposed of by this common judgment and order.

3.

The short question raised for determination of this Court as to whether 100% of the amount sought to evaded or 100% of tax sought to be evaded is to be paid for compounding of offence under Section 276C(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 [for short 'The Act, 1961'], when offence pertains to willful attempt to evade tax, etc.

4.

The Central Board of Direct Taxes [CBDT] has issued guidelines for compounding of offences under the Direct Tax Laws, 2014. In the Paragraph­12.2 of the said guidelines provides for eligible amount to be paid by the assessee for the compounding offence under section 276C(1) of the Act at 100% of the amount sought to be evaded, whether 100% of the amount of tax sought to be evaded.

5.

The   short   facts   of   the   case   are   that   the   petitioner   was   a partnership   firm   and   dealing   in   the   business   of   lubricating   oil   and petroleum products. The search was conducted on various premises of the   petitioner   on   11th  October   1984. During   the   course   of   search, incriminating material such as books of accounts, written loose papers etc. and 503 grams of gold ornaments were seized and were retained under section 132(5) of the Act. In the scrutiny assessment proceedings, an assessment order was passed for the period from A.Y. 1983­84 to A.Y.1985­86 by the Assessing Officer making addition on account of cash credit, bogus purchases etc.

6.

Being aggrieved by the assessment order, an appeal was preferred before the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) and then before the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, which were partly allowed.

7.

In the year 1987, three complaints under Sections 276C(1), 271, 278B and 278 of the Act, 1961 were filed being Criminal Case No.57 of 1987 for A.Y. 1983­84; Criminal Case No.54 of 1987 for A.Y.1984­85 and Criminal Case No.56 of 1987 for A.Y. 1985­86 in the Court of the Additional   Chief   Metropolitan   Magistrate,   Ahmedabad   by   the respondents against the petitioner.

8.

The petitioner filed an application for compounding of offences as per   the   guidelines   issued   by   the   Central   Board   of   Direct   Taxes   for compounding of offences under Direct Tax Laws, 2014 on 1st June 2017. The Assessing Officer intimated working of compounding fees by letter dated 8th August 2018 on the basis of amount of concealed income and communicated the approval of the Chief Commissioner of Income Tax­2, Ahmedabad for compounding fees directing the petitioner­assessee to pay the amount worked out within 60 days on receipt of the intimation.

9.

The   petitioner   on   receiving   such   details,   vide   reply   dated   4th October 2018 objected the working of the compounding fees based on the amount of income evaded instead of amount of tax evaded. It was contended that the amount for compounding offeces is required to be paid at 100% of the tax evaded. The petitioner relied on the decision of this Court in the case of Supernova System Pvt. Ltd Vs. CCIT­2 reported in [2018] 99 taxmann.com 300 (Gujarat).

10.

Heard Mr. Hardik Vora, the learned counsel appearing for the petitioner and Mrs. Mauna Bhatt, the learned senior standing counsel appearing for the respondents.

11.

The learned counsel appearing for the petitioner submitted that the Assessing Officer committed an error while working out the amount of compounding fees paid by the petitioner, as the compounding fees is required to be paid on the basis of 100% of tax evaded and not 100% of Commissioner of Income Tax  reported in  [2018] 99 taxmann.com 300 (Gujarat). The learned counsel appearing for the petitioner submitted that the amount as per the calculation given by the respondent – Income­tax Officer has already been deposited by the petitioner.

12.

On   the   other­hand,   the   learned   counsel   appearing   for   the respondents   referring   to   the   affidavit­in­reply   submitted   that   the respondent – department has accepted the decision of this court and the Board Circular in the case of Supernova System (P.) Ltd. and accordingly, the petitioner is required to pay 100% amount of the tax sought to be evaded not on the 100% amount of income sought to be evaded.

13.

Having   considered   the   submissions   made   by   other­side,   it   is germane to refer to the decision of this Court in the case of Supernova System (P.) Ltd. [Supra], wherein, this Court has held as under:– “9. In terms of such compounding powers, the CBDT has been issuing  circulars for providing guidelines for compounding offenses under the Act. We are concerned with the latest guideline issued on 23.12.2014   issued   by   the   CBDT.   This   circular   contains   detailed provisions and procedure for compounding offenses under the Act.

10.

Para 12 of the said circular pertains to fees for compounding. In the context of section 276C(1) of the Act, para 12.2 prescribes fees for compounding as under: “12.2 Section­ 276C(1) Wilful attempt to evade tax etc. 100% of the amount sought to be evaded.”

11.

Para 12.2 of the said circular thus prescribes compounding fees for offense under section 276C(1) at 100% of the amount sought to be evaded. This para also starts with an expression “Section 276C(1) Wilful attempt to evade tax etc.”. The title of this  para thus, is taken   from   the   section   itself   and   the   compounding   fee   is   to   be computed at the rate of 100% of the amount sought to be evaded. Since this para does not contain any specification of “the amount sought to be evaded”, we may fall back on the statutory provisions in relation to which, this compounding fee is prescribed. Sub­section (1) of section 276C, as noted, prescribes punishment for a person who willfully attempts in any manner to evade any tax, penalty or interest chargeable under the Act. This could  be without prejudice  to any penalty that may be imposable on him under any provisions of   the Act. Under such circumstances, as per the sections stood at the relevant time, the person concerned would be punishable; (i)   In   case   where   the   amount   sought   to   be   evaded   exceeds Rs.250,000/­, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than six months but which may extend to seven years and with fine and; (ii) In any other case with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than three months but which may extend to two years and with fine.

12.

This provision thus while prescribing punishment for willful attempt to evade tax, penalty or interest chargeable, provides for a more  severe  punishment in  case   the  amount  sought to be  evaded exceeds Rs.250,000/­. For the rest, punishment prescribed is lesser. This prescription of punishments in two categories is thus linked with the amount sought to be evaded. This amount sought to be evaded is in relation with the action of a person of a willful attempt to evade tax, penalty or interest chargeable. In the prescription of punishment thus, when there is a reference to amount sought to be evaded, it must be seen in light of the willful attempt on the part of the concerned person to evade tax, penalty or interest. This provision thus, links the severity of punishment on the amount sought to be evaded and thus, in turn has relation to the attempt at evasion of tax, penalty or interest. Thus, when the CBDT circular refers to the amount sought to be evaded, it must be seen and understood in light of the provisions contained in section 276C(1) and in turn must be seen as amount sought to be evaded.   100%   of   tax   sought   to   be   evaded   would   be   the   basic compounding fees which in the present case would be Rs.2,71,000/­ and not Rs.8,70,000/­ as computed by the departmental authorities. The   rest   of   the   computation   is   consequential   and   automatic.   The impugned communication dated 20.03.2018 is therefore set aside. The respondent   shall   carry   out   fresh   computation   of   the   petitioner's liability to pay compounding charges in terms of this order. We are informed that, to avoid any complication, the petitioner has under protest, paid up the entire amount of Rs.10,49,000/­ as demanded by the  department. Once  such  fresh  computation   is made, the  excess would   be   refunded   by   the   department   to   the   petitioner   latest   by 31.10.2018.”

14.

In view of the aforesaid decision of this Court, for compounding of offence under Section­276C(1) of the Act, 1961 would be permissible on payment of 100% of the tax sought to be evaded and not 100%  of the amount sought to be evaded by the assessee.

15.

In view of the forgoing, the petitions succeed and are accordingly allowed. The petitioner is therefore required to pay 100% of the tax sought to be evaded for compounding of offence under Section­276C(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Rule is made absolute to the aforesaid extent. No order as to costs. (J. B. PARDIWALA, J) (BHARGAV D. KARIA, J) aruna

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