SUMANDEEP VIDYAPEETH vs. ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX

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SCA/22471/2019HC GujaratGJHC24080513201910 March 2021Bench: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA,HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ILESH J. VORA10 pages
AI SummaryDismissed

What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that it should not interfere with the impugned show cause notices. Citing the Supreme Court's decision in Commissioner of Income Tax vs. Chhabil Das Agarwal, the Court emphasized that the Income Tax Act provides a complete machinery for assessment and re-assessment, and an assessee cannot abandon this machinery to invoke the writ jurisdiction of the High Court under Article 226 if an adequate alternative remedy exists. The Court found that the assessee had not described the alternate remedy as ineffectual and that the High Court had not exercised its jurisdiction with cogent reasons. The initial grievance regarding insufficient time and non-furnishing of reports was considered in light of the fact that the stay had operated for over two years. The Court concluded that the writ applications failed. However, in further proceedings, the Court clarified that the concerned authority shall hear the writ applicant before taking a final decision, subject to the aspect of limitation, even if the department believed the hearing had concluded.

What were the facts?

The assessee, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, filed two writ applications challenging assessment notices issued for Assessment Year (AY) 2016-17 and AY 2017-18. The first application (SCA No. 20755 of 2018) challenged show cause notices dated December 18, 2018, and December 21, 2018. The second application (SCA No. 22471 of 2019) challenged similar notices for the subsequent AY. The assessee contended that insufficient time was granted to reply to the notices, the assessment was time-barred by December 31, 2018, and a crucial enquiry report was not provided. A coordinate bench had granted an interim stay on further proceedings. The revenue argued that adequate opportunities were provided and the assessee was aware of the proceedings.

What were the issues?

1. Whether the High Court should entertain a writ petition challenging show cause notices when an alternative statutory remedy of appeal is available (Section 226 of the Constitution of India and Section 246A of the Income Tax Act, 1961). 2. Whether the show cause notices issued by the Assessing Officer were procedurally flawed due to insufficient time for reply and non-furnishing of relevant reports, leading to a violation of natural justice. Assessee's Contentions: - The show cause notices were issued with insufficient time for reply, with hearings fixed shortly after issuance and a short period to file a reply. - The assessment was nearing its time-bar date (December 31, 2018), suggesting the notices were a mere formality. - A crucial enquiry report from the DDIT (Inv.) was not provided, hindering the assessee's ability to respond. - The Assessing Officer was likely to proceed with a high-pitched assessment without affording a proper opportunity. Revenue's Contentions: - Adequate and reasonable opportunities were given to the assessee from time to time. - The assessee was well-acquainted with the facts of pending court proceedings. - The affidavit-in-reply detailed the steps taken, including issuing notice under Section 142(1) and considering instructions from higher authorities.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 143(2),Section 142(1),Section 226,Section 246A

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 20755 of 2018 With R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 22471 of 2019

FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:

HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA

and HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ILESH J. VORA ========================================================== 1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ? YES 2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? YES 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? NO 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India or any order made thereunder ? NO ========================================================== SUMANDEEP VIDYAPEETH THROUGH PRESIDENT/MANAGING TRUSTEE DIXIT SHAH Versus ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CIRCLE 2 EXEMPTIONS ========================================================== Appearance: MR MIHIR H JOSHI, SENIOR ADVOCATE WITH MR MITUL K SHELAT ADVOCATE WITH MS DISHA N NANAVATY(2957) for the Petitioner(s) No. 1 MR MR BHATT SENIOR ADVOCATE WITH MRS MAUNA M BHATT(174) WITH MR KARAN SANGHANI, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 1 ========================================================== CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA and HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ILESH J. VORA

Page 1 of 10

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT Date : 10/03/2021

CAV COMMON JUDGMENT (PER : HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA) 1 Since the issues raised in both the captioned writ applications are the same, those were taken up for hearing analogously and are being disposed of by this common judgement and order. 2 The Special Civil Application No.20755 of 2018 seeks to challenge the   assessment   notice   issued   for   the   A.   Y.   2016­17.   Whereas   the connected writ application i.e. the Special Civil Application No.22471 of 2019 seeks to challenge the assessment notice issued for the A. Y. 2017­ 18. 3 For   the   sake   of   convenience,   the   Special   Civil   Application No.20755 of 2018 is treated as the lead matter. 4 By this writ application under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, the writ applicant has prayed for the following reliefs: “(A)   Issue   writ   of   certiorari  or   any other   appropriate   writ,   order   or direction quashing the impugned show cause notice ITBA/AST/F/143(3) (SCN)/2018­19/1014381634(1) dated 18/12/2018 and further show cause

notice

bearing

no.ITBA/AST/F/143(3)(SCN)/2018­19/ 1014472868(1) dated 21/12/2018 at Annexure – F and Annexure ­G. (B) Pending the hearing and final disposal of this application, this Hon'ble Court be pleased to stay further proceedings in pursuance of show cause notices   ITBA/AST/F/143(3)(SCN)/2018­19/1013381634(1)   dated 18/12/2018

and

further

show

cause

notice

bearing no.ITBA/AST/F/143(3)(SSCN)/2018­19

1014472868(1)

dated 21/12/2018 at Annexure­F and Annexure­G. (C) Award the costs of this petition. Page 2 of 10

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT (D) Grant any further or other relief as this Hon'ble Court deems just and proper in the interest of justice, and” 5 A Coordinate Bench of this Court passed the following order dated 27th December 2018: “1. Learned advocate for the petitioner has tendered draft amendment. The amendment is allowed in terms of the draft. The same shall be carried out forthwith. 2. Mr. Mihir Joshi, Senior Advocate, learned counsel with Ms. Disha Nanavati for the petitioner, invited the attention of the Court to the show cause notice dated 18.12.2018 issued by the respondent to point out that by the show cause notice dated 18.12.2018, the hearing has been fixed on 20.12.2018 whereas the petitioner  has been called upon to file its reply within seven days from the date of receipt of the letter. It was pointed out that thereafter another show cause notice dated 21.12.2018 came to be issued referring to an enquiry report of the DDIT (Inv.)­1, Vadodara and fixing  the date of hearing on 24.12.2018. It was submitted that  the assessment is getting time barred on 31.12.2018 and that the show cause notice appears to be a mere empty formality inasmuch as sufficient time has not been granted to the petitioner to deal with the contents of the show cause notice. It was submitted that moreover, the enquiry report, which   finds   reference   in   the   notice   dated   21.12.2018,   has   not   been furnished to the petitioner. It was submitted that the Assessing Officer is likely to proceed with the assessment without affording proper opportunity to the petitioner, which would result in a high­pitched assessment. 3. Having regard to the submissions advanced by the learned counsel for the petitioner, issue Notice returnable on 08.01.2019. By way of ad­ interim relief, the further proceedings pursuant to the impugned show cause notices dated 18.12.2018 and 21.12.2018 are hereby stayed. Direct service is permitted.” 6 We   have   heard   Mr.   Mihir   Joshi,   the   learned   Senior   Counsel assisted by Mr. Mitul Shelat, the learned advocate appearing for the writ applicant and Mr. M. R. Bhatt, the learned Senior Counsel assisted by Mrs. Mauna Bhatt, the learned Senior Standing Counsel appearing for the Revenue. Page 3 of 10

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT 7 The assesment proceedings in the case of the writ applicant were initiated by issuing notice under Section 143(2) of the Act on 28th July 2017. Various notices were issued from time to time calling for the necessary information / details. Certain information was received under a confidential letter dated 11th December 2018 from the Commissioner of Income Tax (Exemption). After perusing the document so received, the impugned show cause notice dated 18th December 2018 came to be issued to the writ applicant. Even after issuance of the said notice, opportunities were given to the writ applicant. During the pendency of the   said   proceedings,   further   information   was   received   under   letter dated 20th  December 2018 from the investigation wing. Therefore, a further show cause notice dated 21st December 2018 came to be issued to the writ applicant. Thus, adequate and reasonable opportunity was given to the writ applicant from time to time. Further, the writ applicant is well acquainted with the facts of the pending Court proceedings in the various Courts. 8 In the aforesaid context, we may refer to few relevant averments made in the affidavit­in­reply filed on behalf of the Revenue. We quote the relevant observations: “I submit that in order to cross verify the findings of Enforcement Directorate's charge sheet of 06/2018 u/s 45 of PMLA Act, 2002 and applicability of these findings, in the petitioner's case in AY 2016­17 (F.Y. 2015­16), a notice u/s 142(1) of the Act was issued on 03./12.2018 asking   the   petitioner   trust   to   furnish   copy   of   Return   of   Income, Acknowledgment,   Personal   Balance   sheet,   Profit   &   Loss   A/c   of   each trustees for AY 2016­17 along with the other relevant details related to trust. In response to the same, the petitioner trust submitted its reply on 06.12.2018. Thereafter, upon perusing the documents thoroughly as well as duly  considering  the  instructions  issued  by the Board  and  the  higher authorities in the matter of scrutiny assesssment, impugned show cause notice dated 18.12.2018 came to be issued requesting the petitioner to reply to the show­cause notice within 07(seven) days from the receipt of the notice. However, the petitioner sought adjournment till 26.12.2018 Page 4 of 10

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT under letter dated 20.12.2018 and the same was granted. The deponent – assessing officer did not proceed to conclude the assessment proceedings. However, the petitioner trust submitted its reply under its letter dated 24.12.2018 on 25.12.2018 through ITBA portal. Meanwhile,   the   deponent   –   assessing   officer   also   received information   from   the   Investigation   wing   of   Baroda   through   the   Jt. CIT(E)/R­2/SV/Information/2018­19   dated   20/12/2018   in   which Enforcement   Directorate's   findings   with   regard   to   bogus   Long   Terms Capital  Gain   claim  of  trustees  was examined.  Further,  an   issue  with respect   to   unexplained   credit   was   also   intimated   in   the   report   of investigation   wing.   Accordingly,   another   show   cause   notice   dated 21.12.2018 came to be issued to the petitioner trust requesting to submit the reply by 24.12.2018. In response, the petitioner trust vide letter dated 24.12.2018 asked for adjournment which was granted. The deponent – assessing officer did not proceed to conclude the assessment proceedings. Finally, the petitioner trust submitted its reply on 26.12.2018 through ITBA portal. 5. I submit that the above narrated sequence of events would clearly go to show that the plea of the petitioner regarding affording reasonable opportunity of being heard is not true. I submit that the petitioner is well acquainted with facts of the pending court proceedings in various courts. The   contents   of   the   show   cause   notices   are   basically   findings   of   the Enforcement   Directorate   and   its   corresponding   effect   on   undisclosed income under the Act. Furthermore, I submit that on the same facts and findings based on ACB action and complaint u/s. 45 of PMLA Act, 2002 in 06/2018 (charge­sheet) filed by the Enforcement Directorate, the officer of CIT(E), Ahmedabad has also initiated the proceedings with regard to cancellation of registration u/s 12AA and 10(23C)(vi) of the Act. I submit that the facts brought to the notice of the petitioner under impugned show cause notices were not new facts, for which petitioner needs to put special efforts to present its case. The petitioner was very much aware of the facts enumerated in the show cause notices and ample opportunity of hearing has been provided to the petitioner as narrated hereinabove. Therefore, the contention of the petitioner regarding not affording sufficient opportunity of hearing is baseless.” 9 It was brought to the notice of this Court that during the pendency of the present writ application, the case has been centralized to the Central Charge. All the necessary and relevant documents upon which reliance has been placed by the writ applicant have been furnished to the writ applicant. Page 5 of 10

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT 10 The   principal   argument   of   Mr.   Joshi   appearing   for   the   writ applicant is that in the notice issued under Section 143(2) of the Act dated 28th  July 2017, the issues raised in the impugned notices dated 18th December 2018 and 21st December 2018 respectively have not been referred to or stated. We do not find any merit in this contention raised on behalf of the writ applicant. 11 As per the scheme of the Act, once the return of income is filed under Section 139 of the Act, the department would either accept the said return under Section 143(1) of the Act or frame an assessment under Section 143(3) of the Act after complying with the requirement of sub­Section (2) of Section 143 of the Act. Once a notice under Section 143(2) has been issued, the assessment  is at large and in the event any adverse view with regard to the accounts of the assessee is to be taken by the Revenue, the assessee is required to be put to notice, which in the instant case has been complied. When the assessment is at large by issuing the first notice under Section 143(2), within the time prescribed and in the course of the ongoing assessment proceedings, if further information is received, the same has to form a part of the assessment proceedings. It is not the case of the writ applicant that the notice dated 28th July 2017 issued under Section 143(2) of the Act is time barred. The only contention of the writ applicant is that during the course of the assessment proceedings, the Assessing Officer could not have called for further information by issuing the impugned show cause notice dated 18th  December   2018   and   21st  December   2018   respectively.   This contention   is   thoroughly   fallacious   and   not   tenable   in   view   of   the scheme of the Act. 12 The contention with regard to the documents not provided is also fallacious and not borne out from the record. The evidence upon which the department seeks to rely upon, is already within the knowledge of Page 6 of 10

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT the writ applicant, as enumerated in the affidavit­in­reply referred to above. In any view of the matter, the assesment in the case of the writ applicant has been transferred from the Exemption to Central Charge. Thus, the contention of adequate opportunity not being given is also factually incorrect. 13 There is one another good reason why we should entertain this writ   application.   If   the   impugned   show   cause   notice,   ultimately, culminates in an order of assessment, then such order would be an appealable order. A show cause notice can be questioned before a Writ Court provided the writ applicant is able to establish that the show cause notice has been issued without any jurisdictional fact in existence. In other words, a jurisdictional fact is a fact which must exist before a Court, Tribunal or an authority assumes jurisdiction over a particular matter. A jurisdictional fact is one on existence or non­existence  of which depends the jurisdiction of a Court, a Tribunal or an authority. The underlying principle is that by erroneously assuming the existence of such jurisdictional fact, no authority can confer upon itself jurisdiction which it otherwise does not possess. The case on hand is not one in which it can be said that the jurisdictional fact did not exist. 14 The Supreme Court in the case of  Srinivasa Rice Mills vs. ESI Corporation reported in (2007) 1 SCC 705 has observed in para 84 as under: “....it is clear that existence of 'jurisdictional fact' is sine qua non for the exercise of power. If the jurisdictional fact exists, the authority can proceed with the case and take an appropriate decision in accordance with law. Once   the   authority   has   jurisdiction   in   the   matter   on   existence   of 'jurisdictional fact', it can decide the 'fact in issue' or 'adjudicatory fact'. A wrong decision on 'fact in issue' or on 'adjudicatory fact' would not make the decision of the authority without jurisdiction or vulnerable provided essential or fundamental fact as to existence of jurisdiction is present." Page 7 of 10

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT 15 Keeping the aforesaid in mind, we may now refer to and rely upon a   decision   of   the   Supreme   Court   in   the   case   of  Commissioner   of Income   Tax   and   others   vs.   Chhabil   Das   Agarwal   [Civil   Appeal No.6704 of 2013 decided on 8th August 2013], wherein the following has been observed: “20. In the instant case, the Act provides complete machinery for the assessment/re­assessment of tax, imposition of penalty and for obtaining relief in respect of any improper orders passed by the Revenue Authorities, and the assessee could not be permitted to abandon that machinery and to invoke   the   jurisdiction   of   the   High   Court   under  Article   226   of   the Constitution when he had adequate remedy open to him by an appeal to the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals). The remedy under the statute, however, must be effective and not a mere formality with no substantial relief. In Ram and Shyam Co. vs. State of Haryana, (1985) 3 SCC 267 this Court has noticed that if an appeal is from “Caesar to Caesar’s wife” the existence of alternative remedy would be a mirage and an exercise in futility.   In   the   instant   case,   neither   has   the   assessee­writ   petitioner described the available alternate remedy under the Act as ineffectual and non­efficacious while invoking the writ jurisdiction of the High Court nor has   the  High  Court   ascribed   cogent   and  satisfactory   reasons   to   have exercised its jurisdiction in the facts of instant case. 21. In light of the same, we are of the considered opinion that the Writ Court ought not to have entertained the Writ Petition filed by the assessee, wherein he has only questioned the correctness or otherwise of the notices issued under Section 148 of the Act, the re­assessment orders passed and the consequential demand notices issued thereon.” 16 We take notice of the fact that the writ applicant came rushing to this Court way back in the year 2018 complaining that by the impugned show cause notice dated 18th  December 2018, the hearing had been fixed on 20th  December 2018, whereas the writ applicant was called upon to file its reply within seven days from the date of receipt of the letter. A grievance was redressed that the Assessing Officer was likely to proceed with the assessment without affording proper opportunity to the writ applicant, which may result in a high­pitched assessment. On these Page 8 of 10

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT two grounds, the writ applicant obtained ad­interim relief, by which, the further proceedings pursuant to the impugned show cause notices came to be stayed. This stay of the further proceedings has operated for more than two years. Even at the time when the Coordinate Bench thought fit to issue notice and stay the proceedings, it was not the case of the writ applicant that no jurisdictional fact existed for the purpose of assuming jurisdiction to issue the impugned show cause notices. 17 In the overall view of the matter, we are convinced that we should not interfere with the impugned show cause notices. 18 In   the   result,   both   the   writ   applications   fail   and   are   hereby rejected. The interim relief earlier granted stands vacated forthwith in both the case. (J. B. PARDIWALA, J) (ILESH J. VORA,J) FURTHER ORDER After the judgement is pronounced, Mr. Mihir Joshi, the learned Senior Counsel appearing for the writ applicant made a fervent request that   his   client   may   be   given   an   opportunity   of   hearing   before   the concerned authority so far as the proceeding which has led to the filing of   the   Special   Civil   Application   No.22471   of   2019   is   concerned. According to Mr. Joshi, the hearing has not been concluded and there is some scope for his client to make few relevant submissions before the final decision is taken by the concerned authority. Mr. M. R. Bhatt, the learned Senior Counsel would submit that if the writ applicant wants to make submissions before the concerned authority, there should not be Page 9 of 10

C/SCA/20755/2018 CAV JUDGMENT any objection at the end of the Revenue. In such circumstances, we clarify that the concerned authority shall hear the writ applicant in the concerned proceedings before taking the final decision in the matter. It goes without saying that the same shall be subject to the aspect of limitation. We clarify that even if the department is of the view that the hearing has concluded, still, an opportunity may be given to the writ applicant to make few submissions. (J. B. PARDIWALA, J) (ILESH J. VORA,J) CHANDRESH Page 10 of 10

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