ORIENTAL INSURANCE CO. LTD. vs. ARUNABEN DINESHBHAI PATEL

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD R/FIRST APPEAL NO. 4975 of 2007

FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:

HONOURABLE MS. JUSTICE S.V. PINTO Sd/-

================================================================ 1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ? Yes 2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? No 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? No 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India or any order made thereunder ? No ================================================================ ORIENTAL INSURANCE CO. LTD. Versus ARUNABEN DINESHBHAI PATEL & 4 other(s) ================================================================ Appearance: MS. NIYATI K JUTHANI(7014) for the Appellant(s) No. 1 DELETED for the Defendant(s) No. 4 MR HM PARIKH(574) for the Defendant(s) No. 1,2,3 SERVED BY AFFIX. (R) for the Defendant(s) No. 5 ================================================================ CORAM:HONOURABLE MS. JUSTICE S.V. PINTO

Date : 17/07/2023

ORAL JUDGMENT 1. This appeal has been filed by the appellant – original opponent No.3 against the respondent No.1 to 3 – original claimants and the respondent Nos. 4 and 5 – original opponent Nos.1 and 2 under Section 173 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (hereinafter Page 1 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 referred to as ‘the Act’ for short) against the judgment and award passed by the learned Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (Auxi.) and Presiding Officer, Fast Track Court No.9, Kheda at Nadiad in MACP No. 1789 of 2000 on 05.05.2007. The parties are hereinafter referred to as the claimants and the opponents as they stood in the original petition for the sake of convenience, clarity and brevity. 2. The brief facts that emerge from the record of the case are as under: 2.1. That on 16.05.2000, one Dineshbhai Ramabhai Patel was standing by the side of the road near Ladvel Crossing and at that time, the opponent No.1 came driving tanker bearing registration No. HR-38-C-2901, which belonged to the opponent no. 2 and was insured with the opponent no. 3 in a rash and negligent manner and dashed with Dineshbhai Patel, as a result of which, Dineshbhai Patel sustained grievous injuries and died on the spot. The offence was registered with Kapadvanj Rural Police Station I-C.R.No. 55 of 2000. 2.2. The claimants, who are the widow, minor son and mother of Page 2 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 deceased Dineshbhai Patel, have filed the claim petition for compensation mainly stating that the deceased was young, hale and hearty and was working as a police constable in the police department and was earning Rs.5,000/- per month and was the sole bread winner of his family. The claimants have lost their sole earning member and have claimed Rs.12,00,000/- jointly and severally from the opponents under all the available heads. 3. The opponents were duly served with summons, but the opponent No. 1 did not appear. The opponent No. 2 appeared and has filed the written statement at Exh.20 and the opponent No. 3 – insurance company filed the written statement at Exh. 39. The opponents denied all the contents of the claim petition and stated that the claim is highly excessive and has prayed to dismiss the petition with costs. 4. The learned Tribunal, after considering all the evidence adduced by the parties, by a judgment and award dated 05.05.2007, awarded an amount of Rs.14,08,500/- with interest at the rate of 9% per annum from the date of the claim petition till realization under all the available heads. The learned Page 3 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 Tribunal assessed the income on the basis of pay details issued by the office of Dy.S.P. Kheda at Nadiad and according to the pay details, as the salary of the deceased would have been Rs.7,179/- on 21.03.2007 i.e round figure Rs.7.180/- and calculated the loss of future dependency to be Rs.86,180 per annum and applied the multiplier of 16 and awarded an amount of Rs.13,78,560/- towards future loss of dependency, Rs.10,000/- towards loss of expectation of life, Rs.10,000/- towards loss of estate, Rs.5000/- towards loss of consortium and Rs.5,000/- towards funeral expenses and in all, awarded an amount of Rs,14,08,560/-. 5. Being aggrieved and dissatisfied with the judgment and award, the appellant – insurance company has filed the appeal mainly stating that the learned Tribunal has erred in taking into account the income of the deceased to be Rs.7,180/- per month as in fact, at the time of the accident, the deceased was earning Rs.3,407/- and the learned Tribunal ought to have considered the same. The learned Tribunal has also erred in considering the prospective income to be Rs.1,277/- without any evidence of prospective income on record. The amount awarded under the other heads as loss of expectation of life is Page 4 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 also erroneous. 6. Heard learned advocate Ms. Niyati Juthani for the appellant and learned advocate Mr.H.M.Parikh for the respondent Nos. 1 to 3. Though served, other respondents have not appeared. 7. Learned advocate Ms. Niyati Juthani for the appellant has reiterated the contents of the appeal memo and has mainly challenged the amount of income as calculated by the learned Tribunal and has stated that the learned Tribunal has erred in calculating the monthly income to be Rs.7,180/- without any evidence to that effect. That as per the settled principles of law, the amount of income on the date of the accident, has to be calculated but the learned Tribunal has considered the amount of income as on the date, on which, the witness is examined and has added future prospects to that amount, and hence, the amount of compensation may be modified accordingly. 8. Learned advocate Mr.H.M.Parikh for the claimants has stated that the learned Tribunal has not erred in any manner and has properly appreciated the evidence regarding income of the deceased and there is no merits in the appeal, and hence, the Page 5 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 appeal may be dismissed. 9. From the recording and proceedings of the MACP No. 1789 of 2000, the claimants have produced the copies of FIR at Exh. 28, panchama at Exh. 29, P.M.Note of the deceased at Exh. 30, the inquest panchanama at Exh. 31 and the charge sheet filed against the opponent No.1 – driver of the tanker bearing registration No. HR-38-C-2901 at Exh.32. The claimant No. 1 has filed the examination-in-chief at Exh. 24 and the claimants have produced details of the salary certificate of the deceased at Exh. 41. As per the documents produced at Exh. 41, deceased Dineshbhai Patel was an unarmed police constable having buckle No. 1062 with the Police Department, Kheda at Nadiad and he had joined the service on 09.10.1994. As per the deails of salary provided by Office of D.S.P. Kheda at Nadiad at Exh. 165, deceased’s date of birth was 29.07.1972 and as per the statement of salary on 01.10.2006, his salary would be Rs.3,710/- and he would be getting D.P. (Dearness Pay) Rs.1,855/- and D.A. (Dearness allowance) Rs.1,614/-. The claimants have also produced a certificate of pay of the deceased, which is signed by the P.S.I. Kheda (Rural) which shows salary details of the deceased on 04.09.2000 and as per Page 6 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 the document, the salary details of the deceased are as under: Details of Salary (In Rs.) Details of Deduction (In Rs.) 3,030.00 Basis Salary 50.00 Insurance 970.00 Dearness 500.00 Gratuity Provident Fund 60.00 Special Allowance 250.00 Food allowance 100.00 Medical Allowance 150.00 Diwali allowance 25.00 Washing allowance 20.00 Professional Tax 20.00 Cycle Allowance 170.00 House Rent 4377.00 Total Salary 970.00 Total deduction Rs.3407.00 Monthly payable amount 10. The Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Shyamwati and Ors. Vs. Karam Singh and Ors. reported in 2010(12) SCC 378 has observed in Para – 9 as under: “9. …………….……. We, however, make it clear that while ascertaining the income of the deceased, any deductions shown in the salary certificate as deductions towards GPF, life insurance premium, repayments of loans etc. should not be excluded from the income. The deduction towards income tax/ surcharge along should be considered to arrive at the net income of the deceased.” 10.1 The Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Sunil Sharma and Ors. Vs. Bachitar Singh and Ors. reported in (2011) 12 SCC 425 has observed in Para – 11 as under: Page 7 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 “11. Based on the aforementioned judgments, wer are of the view that deductions made by the Tribunal on account of HRA, CCA and medical allowance are done on an incorrect basis and should have been taken into consideration in calculation of the income of the deceased. Further, deduction towards EPF and GIS should have not have been made in calculating the income of the deceased.” 10.2. The Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Sebastiani Lakra and Ors. Vs. National Insurance Company Limited and Anr. reported in (2019) 17 SCC 465 has observed in Para – 11 as under: “12. The law is well settled that deductions cannot be allowed from the amount of compensation either on account of insurance, or on account of pensionary benefits or gratuity or grant of employment to a kin of the deceased. The main reason is that all these amounts are earned by the deceased on account of contractual relations entered into by him with others. It cannot be said that these amounts accrued to the dependants or the legal heirs of the deceased on account of his death in a motor vehicle accident. The claimants/dependants are entitled to "just compensation" under the Motor Vehicles Act as a result of the death of the deceased in a motor vehicle accident. Therefore, the natural corollary is that the advantage which accrues to the estate of the deceased or to his dependants as a result of some contract or act which the deceased performed in his lifetime cannot be said to be the outcome or result of the death of the deceased even though these amounts may go into the hands of the dependants only after his death. 13. As far as any amount paid under any insurance policy is concerned whatever is added to the estate of the deceased or his dependants is not because of the death of the deceased but because of the contract entered into between the deceased and the insurance company from where he took out the policy. The deceased paid premium on such life insurance and this amount would have accrued to the estate of the deceased either on maturity of the policy or on his death, whatever be the manner of his death. These amounts are paid because the deceased Page 8 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 has wisely invested his savings. Similar would be the position in case of other investments like bank deposits, share, debentures, etc. The tortfeasor cannot take advantage of the foresight and wise financial investments made by the deceased. 14. As far as the amounts of pension and gratuity are concerned, these are paid on account of the service rendered by the deceased to his employer. It is now an established principle of service jurisprudence that pension and gratuity are the property of the deceased. They are more in the nature of deferred wages. The deceased employee works throughout his life expecting that on his retirement he will get substantial amount as pension and gratuity. These amounts are also payable on death, whatever be the cause of death. Therefore applying the same principles, the said amount cannot be deducted.” 11. In light of the judgments of the Hon’ble Supreme Court and the salary details of deceased Dineshbha Patel, who was working as police constable, the gross monthly income of the deceased is Rs.4,377/-, out of which, Rs.250/- towards food allowance and Rs.150/- towards the Diwali festival Allowance and Rs.20/- as professional tax is to be deducted and hence, the monthly income is Rs.3,957/-. As per the settled principles of law, in National Insurance Company Vs. Pranav Shethi reported in (2017) 16 SCC 680, 50% addition of the annual salary is to be done when the deceased is less than 40 years of age and as per the record, the deceased was aged 27 years on the date of the accident and hence, adding Rs.1,978/- as future prospects, the monthly income is Rs.5,935/-. After deducting 1/3 amount Page 9 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 for persons expenses, as there are three dependents, the loss of dependency would come Rs.3,957/- per month and Rs.47,484/- per annual. As per the judgment of the Apex Court in the case of Sarla Verma and others Vs. Delhi Transport Corporation and another reported in (2009) 6 SCC 1211, the claimants are entitled for the multiplier of 17 and hence, the total loss of dependency of the claimants is to Rs.8,07,228/-. The learned Tribunal has granted an amount of Rs.30,000/- under the other conventional heads but, as per the judgment of the Apex Court in the case of Magma General Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Nanu Ram alias Chuhru Ram reported in (2018) 18 SCC 130, the claimants being the wife, minor son and mother are also entitled to loss of spousal and parental and filial consortium of Rs.40,000/- each. The learned Tribunal has awarded an amount of Rs.14,08,500/- but, the claimants are entitled to Rs.9,57,228/- with interest at the rate of 6% per annum from the opponents jointly and severally from the date of filing the claim petition till realization. 12. In view of the above discussion, the appeal is partly allowed and the impugned judgment and award is hereby modified accordingly. Page 10 of 11

C/FA/4975/2007 JUDGMENT DATED: 17/07/2023 13. As per the record, the insurance company has deposited the entire amount of award with interest before the learned Tribunal and the same has been directed to be kept in fixed deposit to be renewed periodically. and accordingly, the amount of Rs.9,57,228/- with interest at the rate of 6% to be disbursed in the proportion granted by learned Tribunal to the claimants and the remaining amount to be refunded to the appellant – insurance company by NEFT / RTGS, after proper verification. Sd/- (S. V. PINTO, J) F.S.KAZI….. Page 11 of 11