DAVIES MANUEL vs. INCOME TAX OFFICER
What did the High Court hold?
The High Court held that the question of whether the petitioner's explanation for the cash deposits is correct is a matter to be considered during the assessment proceedings after the return is filed. At the initial stage of re-opening under Section 148A, the assessing authority needs to be satisfied that income has escaped assessment. If the period of three years has elapsed from the relevant assessment year, the authority must also ascertain if the escaped income exceeds Rs. 50,00,000/-. In this case, the alleged escaped income was stated to be more than Rs. 50,00,000/-, making the three-year limitation period under Section 149(1)(a) inapplicable. Therefore, the Court found no substance in the writ petition. The operative direction was to dismiss the writ petition.
What were the facts?
The petitioner, Davies Manuel, is an individual assessee who failed to file an income tax return for the assessment year 2016-17. The Income Tax Officer initiated reassessment proceedings under Section 147 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, alleging that the petitioner had deposited over Rs. 50,00,000/- in cash into two bank accounts, leading to escaped income. A notice under Section 148A(b) was issued on March 17, 2023, followed by the petitioner's reply on March 23, 2023. An order under Section 148A(d) was passed on March 28, 2023, and subsequently, a notice under Section 148 was issued requiring the petitioner to file his return. The petitioner challenged these proceedings by filing a writ petition.
What were the issues?
1. Whether the proceedings initiated under Section 148A of the Income Tax Act, 1961, for reassessment are barred by limitation, considering the alleged escaped income is not more than Rs. 50,00,000/-, as per Section 149(1)(a) of the Act? Assessee's Contention: The normal limitation period for re-opening assessment under Section 149(1)(a) is three years, extendable to ten years if escaped income exceeds Rs. 50,00,000/-. The petitioner argues that their escaped income does not exceed Rs. 50,00,000/-, making the proceedings initiated under Section 148A beyond the normal limitation and thus without jurisdiction. Revenue's Contention: The cash deposits in the petitioner's bank accounts amounted to approximately Rs. 76,00,000/-. Since the petitioner did not file a return under Section 139, this income was rightly considered to have escaped assessment. The reassessment proceedings were initiated after 3 years, which is in accordance with the statute.
Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?
Section 147,Section 148A,Section 148,Section 149(1)(a),Section 139
AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM PRESENT THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE DINESH KUMAR SINGH FRIDAY, THE 2ND DAY OF FEBRUARY 2024 / 13TH MAGHA, 1945 WP(C) NO. 943 OF 2024 PETITIONER: DAVIES MANUEL AGED 57 YEARS KOLADY HOUSE, PERUMATTY, KANNIMARI, PALAKKAD, PIN - 678534 BY ADVS. HARISANKAR V. MENON MEERA V.MENON R.SREEJITH K.KRISHNA PARVATHY MENON RESPONDENT: INCOME TAX OFFICER WARD-2 PALAKKAD, AYAKAR BHAWAN, ENGLISH CHURCH ROAD PALAKKAD, PIN - 678534 BY ADVS. ADV. P.G. JAYASHANKAR PGJ KEERTHIVAS GIRI OTHER PRESENT: P.G. JAYASHANKAR-SC THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION ON 02.02.2024, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
JUDGMENT Dated this the 2nd day of February, 2024 The petitioner is an individual assessee under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961,(hereinafter referred to as ‘I.T Act of 1961’). The petitioner/assessee did not file return of his income for the assessment year 2016-17. The petitioner’s case was selected for a scrutiny inasmuch as according to the assessment officer, the petitioner had deposited more than Rs.50,00,000/- cash in his two bank accounts and in the estimation of the assessing officer the said income of the petitioner had escaped assessment under the provisions of the I.T Act, 1961. Therefore, the petitioner’s case was re-opened under Section 147 of the I.T Act, 1961. The petitioner was issued a notice under Section148A(b) on 17.03.2023, to which the petitioner had submitted reply on 23.03.2023, and after affording an opportunity of hearing, an order under Section 148A(d) came to be passed on 28.03.2023. Thereafter, notice under Section 148 has been issued asking the petitioner to file his returns.
Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that normal limitation period for re-opening the assessment under Section 149(1)(a) of the IT Act, is three years. However, it may extend to ten years if the escaped income is more than Rs.50,00,000/-. He submits that the petitioner’s income is not more than Rs.50,00,000/- which has escaped asssessment. Therefore, the proceedings initiated under Section 148A of the IT Act are barred by limitation, and therefore, without jurisdiction.
Sri.P.G Jayashankar, learned Senior Standing Counsel for the Income Tax Department submits that in the two bank accounts of the petitioner, there has been a cash deposit of around Rs.76,00,000/-. The petitioner did not file return of his income under Section 139 of the IT Act, and therefore, the assessing authority rightly considered that this income to have escaped assessment under the provisions of the IT Act, 1961. The case has been re-opened after 3 years which is as per the statute.
The question whether the petitioner’s explanation for the cash amount deposited in two bank accounts is correct or otherwise a question which can be considered only when the petitioner files the return in pursuance to the notice issued under Section 148 of the IT Act, 1961. At the initial stage of enquiry of re-opening the assessment under Section 148A, the assessing authority has to satisfy itself that whether the income of the petitioner has escaped assessment and if the 3 years period has elapsed from the last date of relevant assessment year, whether the income which has escaped assessment is more than Rs.50,00,000/-. In the present case, income escaped assessment is allegedly more than Rs.50,00,000/- and therefore, the limitation period of 3 years provided under Section 149 (1)(a) has no applicability in the facts of the present case. In view thereof, I find no substance in this writ petition. Therefore, the present writ petition is hereby dismissed. DINESH KUMAR SINGH AP JUDGE
Appendix — schedule of exhibits
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