RAMANBHAI B. PATEL HUF vs. THE DY. C.I.T.(ASSESSMENT)

PDF · subscribers
TAXAP/145/2000HC GujaratGJHC24022665200024 July 2012Author: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI,HONOURABLE MS. JUSTICE HARSHA DEVANI12 pages
AI SummaryAllowed

What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the Tribunal erred in confirming the penalty orders. The primary issue was the application of Explanation (4) to Section 18(1)(c) by the Commissioner (Appeals) and the Tribunal. The Court noted that the Assessing Officer had not applied this explanation in the initial assessment proceedings, and it was introduced for the first time at the appellate stage. The Court emphasized that penalty proceedings are quasi-criminal in nature and require strict compliance with legal requirements. While Explanation (4) creates a presumption of furnishing inaccurate particulars when the returned wealth is less than 70% of the assessed wealth, this presumption is rebuttable. The assessee has the right to prove that their valuation was correct. However, the Court found that the assessee was not put on notice regarding the applicability of Explanation (4) and thus was not given an opportunity to rebut the presumption. The Court distinguished the present case from Sanghi Bros.(India) Ltd. by noting that in this case, the assessee adopted a valuation method not permissible under the Act (valuing property based on books of accounts instead of Rule 1BB). Nevertheless, the lack of proper notice and opportunity to rebut the presumption under Explanation (4) was fatal to the penalty. The Court answered the substantial question of law in the negative, in favour of the assessee. The orders under challenge were quashed.

What were the facts?

The assessee, Ramanbhai B. Patel HUF, is appealing against a judgment of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal dated February 29, 2000. The assessment year in question is 1986-1987. The assessee failed to file a wealth tax return despite having wealth exceeding the statutory limit. Upon detection, the assessee filed a return on May 17, 1988, disclosing a net wealth of Rs. 4,08,194. The Assessing Officer computed the net wealth at Rs. 28,38,855, leading to penalty proceedings under Section 18(1)(c) of the Wealth Tax Act. The assessee contended that the difference in valuation was due to a bona fide difference of opinion and disclosure of all material facts. The Assessing Officer imposed a penalty of Rs. 30,522. The Commissioner (Appeals) confirmed the penalty, relying on Explanation (4) to Section 18(1)(c), despite acknowledging a bona fide difference in valuation. The Tribunal upheld this order.

What were the issues?

1. Whether, in the facts and circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in sustaining the levy of penalty under Section 18(1)(c) of the Wealth Tax Act, 1956, by ignoring the assessment case under the Wealth Tax Act of the same assessee and of his brother? (Question of law) Assessee's contentions: - The assessee filed a return and disclosed full particulars of immovable properties, thus there was no concealment of particulars or furnishing of inaccurate particulars. - The difference in valuation arose solely from different methods adopted by the assessee and the Assessing Officer, constituting a bona fide difference of opinion. - Penalty under Explanation (4) to Section 18(1)(c) could not have been imposed if there was a bona fide difference of opinion regarding valuation. - The Assessing Officer did not clearly specify the default for which penalty was imposed (concealment or inaccurate particulars). - Relied on: Commissioner of Income-tax, Gujarat-III v. Manu Engineering Works (1980) 122 ITR 307 (Guj.) and New Sorathia Engineering Co. v. Commissioner of Income-tax (2006) 282 ITR 642 (Guj.). - The Commissioner (Appeals) could not have confirmed the penalty when he found a bona fide difference of opinion, and applying Explanation (4) at the appellate stage denied the assessee an opportunity to establish correct valuation. - Relied on: Commissioner of Wealth-Tax v. Sanghi Bros.(India) Ltd. (2008) 301 ITR 129 (MP). Revenue's contentions: - Three authorities found that the assessee had concealed particulars and furnished inaccurate particulars. - No return was filed until notice under Section 17 was issued. - The belated return adopted a wholly impermissible method for valuation. - The difference in valuation exceeded the permissible margin under Explanation (4) to Section 18(1)(c).

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 18(1)(c),Section 17,Section 16(3),Section 14(1),Section 132

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
TAXAP/145/2000 1/12 JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD TAX APPEAL No. 145 of 2000 With TAX APPEAL No. 147 of 2000 For Approval and Signature: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI HONOURABLE MS.JUSTICE HARSHA DEVANI ========================================================= 1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ? 2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the constitution of India, 1950 or any order made thereunder ? 5 Whether it is to be circulated to the civil judge? ========================================================= RAMANBHAI B. PATEL HUF - Appellant(s) Versus THE DY. C.I.T.(ASSESSMENT) - Opponent(s) ========================================================= Appearance : MR BANDISH SOPARKAR WITH MR SN SOPARKAR, SR COUNSEL for Appellant(s) : 1, MR MANAV A MEHTA for Opponent(s) : 1, ========================================================= CORAM : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI and HONOURABLE MS.JUSTICE HARSHA DEVANI Date : 24/07/2012 TAXAP/145/2000 2/12

ORAL JUDGMENT (Per : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI)

1.

These appeals arise out of a common judgement of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal(“the Tribunal” for short) dated 29.2.2000. They have   been   heard   together   and   are   being   disposed   of   by   this common order.

2.

At   the   time   of   admission   of   this   appeal   common   substantial question of law framed by the Division Bench was as under :

"Whether  in  the  facts and circumstances of the case the Tribunal was right in law in  sustaining the levy of penalty under Section 18(1)(c) and in  doing  so  ignored  the assessment case under the Wealth Tax Act of the same assessee  and  of  his brother?”

3.

Brief facts may be noted from Tax Appeal No.147/2000. Assessee is an HUF. Assessment year under consideration is 1986­1987. For such  assessment  year,  the   assessee   had  not   filed  its   return  of wealth   though   the   net   wealth   exceeded   statutory   limit.   The department   therefore,   issued   a   notice   dated   26.2.1998   under section 17 of the Wealth Tax Act, 1956(“the Act for short). In response to such notice, the assessee filed return of wealth on 17.5.1988 and disclosed net wealth of Rs.4,08,194/­. Such return was assessed by the Deputy Commissioner of Wealth Tax under section 16(3)of the Act. He computed net wealth of assessee at Rs.28,38,855/­. Penalty proceedings under section 18(1)(c) of the Act   were   thereupon   instituted.   A   show   cause   notice   for   this purpose was issued to the assessee in response to which reply dated 11.4.1991 was filed. In such reply the assessee contended that   no   material   facts   about   wealth   had   been   disclosed.   The assessee had also disclosed value of various properties as per the books   of   accounts.   If   due   to   adoption   of   different   method   of

TAXAP/145/2000 3/12 valuation, there was a difference in the ultimate wealth assessed, such difference would not give rise to any penalty proceedings.

3.

1 The Deputy Commissioner considered the assessee's reply but proceeded to impose penalty of Rs.30,522/­ by his order dated  12.9.1991 making following observations : “ Further, the wealth assessed at Rs.30.89,341/­ is accepted by the assessee. These facts clearly proves that though the assessee had taxable wealth he did not file the return of wealth as per the provisions of section 14(1) of the W.T. Act and he filed the return of wealth only after concealment of wealth was detected during the search u/s.132 of the I.T. Act and subsequent issue of notice u/s.17 of the W.T. Act. Thus, the assessee's case is clearly covered by the provisions of section 18(1)(c) of the W.T. Act.”

3.

2 Said   order   of   the   Deputy   Commissioner   was challenged by the assessee before the Appellate Commissioner. Before the Commissioner, assessee contended that there was no concealment of wealth. Assessee had disclosed all material facts before   the   Deputy   Commissioner   and   also   produced   books   of accounts   duly   maintained   by   the   assessee.   The   assessee   had adopted valuation as per such books. The Deputy Commissioner had taken valuation of asset on the basis of rule 1BB of the Wealth Tax Rues, 1957(“the Rules” for short). This   was a bona fide difference of opinion regarding valuation of property which would not give rise to penalty proceedings. The assessee also contended that there was no mala fide intention  its part. The assessee also contended that when the Assessing Officer brought to its notice the provisions of rule 1BB, the assessee calculated and submitted statement of valuation on that basis upon which the assessment was framed adopting such valuation.

3.

3 The Appellate Commissioner dismissed the assessee's

TAXAP/145/2000 4/12 appeal.   In   such   appellate   order   he   accepted   the   assessee's contention   that   there   was   a   bona   fide   difference   of   opinion regarding the valuation of the immovable property. He however, proceeded to confirm the penalty on the basis of explanation (4) to section 18(1)(c) of the Act.

3.

4 Such   order   of   the   Commissioner(Appeals)   was challenged   by   the   assessee   before   the   Tribunal.   The   Tribunal upheld   such   order   and   held   that   in   view   of   clear   provisions contained in explanation(4) to section 18(1)(c) of the Act, the contentions of the assessee cannot be upheld.

4.

Facts are identical in both the appeals. They are therefore, not separately noted with respect to Tax Appeal No.145/2000. 5. Learned   counsel   Shri   Bandish   Soparkar   for   the   appellant submitted that the assessee having filed the return and having disclosed full particulars of the immovable properties exigible to wealth tax, it cannot be stated that the assessee concealed the particulars of the assets. He further submitted that the assessee had not furnished inaccurate particulars of such assets and the difference in valuation was solely on account of different methods adopted by the assessee and the Assessing Officer. He heavily relied on the findings of the appellate authority that there was bona   fide   difference   of   opinion   regarding   valuation   of   the immovable property. He submitted that if this be so, no penalty under explanation(4) of section 18(1)(c) of the Act could have been imposed. Counsel submitted that the Assessing Officer did not give any clear findings as to for which default of the assessee, the   penalty   was   being   imposed   namely,   for   concealment   of particulars or for furnishing inaccurate particulars of any asset. In

TAXAP/145/2000 5/12 that view of the matter, no penalty could have been imposed. In this respect counsel relied on the decision of this Court in case of Commissioner of Income­tax, Gujarat­III v. Manu Engineering Works reported in (1980) 122 ITR 307(Guj.) and in case of New Sorathia   Engineering   Co.   v.   Commissioner   of   Income­tax reported in (2006) 282 ITR 642(Guj).

5.

1 Counsel further submitted that the appellate authority could not have confirmed the order of the Assessing Officer, particularly, when he came to the conclusion that difference in valuation was on account of bona fide difference of opinion in the valuation methodology. He submitted that explanation(4) of section 18(1) (c) of the Act was applied by the Commissioner at the appellate stage denying any opportunity to the assessee to establish that value stated by him in the return represented the correct value of the asset. In this respect counsel relied on   decision of Madhya Pradesh High Court in case of   Commissioner of Wealth­Tax v. Sanghi Bros.(India) Ltd. reported in (2008) 301 ITR 129(MP).

6.

On the other hand, learned counsel Shri Manav Mehta for the Revenue   opposed  the   appeal   contending   that   three  authorities have found that the assessee had concealed the particulars of asset and also furnished inaccurate particulars. He submitted that no return was filed till notice under section 17 of the Act was issued. Even in the return that was filed belatedly, the assessee adopted wholly   impermissible   method   for   valuation   of   the   assets. Difference in valuation between that disclosed by the assessee in the return as compared to valuation accepted in the final order of assessment far exceeded the permissible margin   provided under explanation(4)   of   section   18(1)(c)   of   the   Act.   The   Assessing

TAXAP/145/2000 6/12 Officer therefore, rightly imposed penalty which was upheld by the Appellate   Commissioner   and   the   Tribunal.   Counsel   relied   on decision of the Madras High Court in case of V.G. Paneerdas and Co. P. Ltd. v. Commissioner of Wealth­tax reported in (2006) 284 ITR 444(Mad), wherein the High Court upheld the penalty where the assessee has filed nil return and eventually it was found that the assessee had sizable wealth.

7.

Having heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the documents on record, we may notice the statutory provisions first. Section 18(1)(c) of the Act provides for penalty in case an assessee has concealed the particulars of any assets or furnished inaccurate particulars of any assets or debts. Explanation(4) to said sub­ section provides that where the value of any asset returned by any person is less than seventy per cent of the value of such asset as determined in an assessment under section 16 or 17, such person shall be deemed to have furnished inaccurate particulars of such asset   within   the   meaning   of   clause(c)   of   this   sub­section. Explanation further provides that such deeming fiction shall arise unless the assessee proves that the value of the asset as returned by him is the correct value. Relevant portion of   Section 18(1)(c) reads as under : “18(1) If the Wealth­tax Officer, Appellate Assistant Commissioner, Commissioner(Appeals), Commissioner or Appellate Tribunal in the course of any proceedings under this Act is satisfied that any person­ (c) has   concealed   the   particulars   of   any   assets   or   furnished inaccurate particulars of any assets or debts. Explanation 4 : Where the value of any asset returned by any person is less than seventy per cent of the value of such asset as

TAXAP/145/2000 7/12 determined in an assessment under section 16 or 17, such person shall be deemed to have furnished inaccurate particulars of such asset within the meaning of clause(c) of this sub­section, unless he proves that the value of the asset as returned by him is the correct value.” ● Section 7 of the Act pertains to value of assets and how the same is to be determined. Sub­section(1) of section 7 provides that subject to any rules made in this behalf, the value of any asset other than cash for the purposes of this Act, shall be estimated to be the price which in the opinion of the Wealth­tax Officer it would fetch if sold in the open market on the valuation date. ● Rule 1BB of the Rules in turn provides for valuation of house property. It lays down a formula as per which for the purpose of sub­section(1) of section 7, the value of a house which is wholly or mainly used for residential purpose has to be ascertained.

8.

With this statutory provisions in mind, if we revert back to the case on hand, the assessee filed wealth tax return in response to notice under section 17 of the Act in which it disclosed the valuation of assets at Rs.4,08,194/­. The Assessing Officer however, applying rule   1BB   of   the   Rules,   computed   such   wealth   tax   at Rs.28,38,855/­.

9.

In the penalty order that the Assessing Officer passed, he did not give any clear findings as to for which breach such penalty was being imposed i.e. for concealment of the particulars of any asset or for furnishing inaccurate particulars of any asset. In fact the reproduced portion of the Assessing Officer would suggest that he was inclined to impose penalty only for concealment of particulars of assets. If this be so, we fail to see how the penalty could be sustained. It is not in dispute that the assessee did file return and

TAXAP/145/2000 8/12 gave full particulars of the assets held. This was therefore, not a case of assessee concealing the particulars of the assets. Assessing Officer however, did in the earlier part of the order briefly touch on the question of valuation of the assets. His ultimate order however,   was   not   on   the   basis   of   any   inaccurate   particulars supplied   by   the   assessee.   In   this   respect   we   may   peruse   the decision of this Court relied upon by the counsel for the appellant. In case of  New Sorathia Engineering Co.(supra), Division Bench of this Court relied on and referred to earlier decision in case of Manu Engineering Works  (supra) and deleted penalty making following observations : “The   penalty  order   and  the   order  of   Commissioner   (Appeals) show that no clear­cut finding has been reached. The Tribunal has failed to appreciate this legal issue. Applying the ratio to the facts of the case it is apparent that the order of penalty cannot be sustained and the Tribunal could not have sustained the same. The Tribunal having failed to take into consideration and deal with   the   decision   of   the   juri ictional   High   Court   it   would constitute an error in law which goes to the very basis of the controversy   involved   and   hence,   the   impugned   order   of   the Tribunal cannot be upheld.” ● In case of Engineering Works (supra), Division Bench has held as under : “..... We   find   from   the   order   of   the   IAC,   in   the penalty proceedings, that is, the final conclusion as expressed  in   para.   4   of   the   order:   “I   am   of   the opinion that it will have to be said that the assessee had   concealed   its   income   and/or   that   it   had furnished   inaccurate   particulars   of   such   income”. Now, the language of “and/or” may be proper in issuing a notice as to penalty order or framing of charge in a criminal case or a quasi­criminal case, but it was incumbent upon the IAC to come to a positive   finding   as   to   whether   there   was concealment of income by the assessee or whether

TAXAP/145/2000 9/12 any inaccurate particulars of such income had been furnished by the assessee. No such clear­cut finding was reached by the IAC and, on that ground alone, the order of penalty passed by the IAC was liable to be struck down.” 10.We therefore, are of the view that the Assessing Officer erred in imposing the penalty without any clear findings as to whether there was concealment of particulars of any assets or providing of inaccurate particulars of any assets. His main thrust seemed to be on the ground of concealment of particulars which as we have noted   was   not   a   valid   ground.   Interestingly,   the Commissioner(Appeals) did not go into the aspect of concealment of particulars. He relied on explanation(4) of Section 18(1)(c) of the   Act.   Thus   he   based   his   conclusions   solely   on   providing inaccurate particulars by the assessee. He noticed that the net wealth return by the assessee was less than 70% of what the Assessing   Officer   computed   in   the   assessment   framed   under section 16 of the Act. He therefore, was of the opinion that penalty under     section   18(1)(c)   of   the   Act   must   follow   by   virtue   of explanation(4) thereof. 11.We are of the opinion that the Appellate Authority could not have applied such an explanation in the facts of the present case. We say   so   because   the   Assessing   Officer   never   applied   said explanation. Though the show cause notice is not on record, from the discussions made by the Assessing Officer in the order and the assessee's reply we can safely presume that in such show cause notice there was no proposal that the assessee would be visited with penalty by virtue of deeming fiction created in explanation(4) of section 18(1)(c) of the Act. It was the Commissioner(Appeals) who for the first time at the appellate stage realized that case may

TAXAP/145/2000 10/12 fall within such explanation. When we are dealing with penalty proceedings, which are quasi criminal  in nature, we must put the Revenue to strict compliance of the legal requirements. 12.We may notice that explanation(4) of Section 18(1)(c) of the Act though   does   give   rise   to   a   presumption   under   certain circumstances,   such   presumption   is   not   irrebuttable.   The rebuttable can come in the form of assessee being able to prove that valuation of the assessee as returned by him is the correct value of the asset. It is of­course true that if the returned value of assets is less than 70%  of the value of such assets as determined in the assessment framed under section 16 or 17 of the Act and also if the assessee did not prove that the value of the asset as returned by him is  the correct value, such a situation would give rise to a deeming fiction and the Assessing Officer would presume that   the   assessee   had   furnished   inaccurate   particulars   of   such assets within the meaning of clause(c) of Section 18(1) of the Act. However, before such a deeming fiction could arise, the assessee had a right to prove that the value of the asset as returned by him was the correct value. We are also prepared to proceed on the basis that once it is established that the margin between the two values is more than 30%, the onus would be on the assessee to show that his valuation represented the correct value of the asset to avoid the penal liability by virtue of the fiction as provided in Explanation (4). However, when neither in show cause notice, nor during the proceedings before the Assessing Officer, there was even a remote hint that such deeming fiction would be made applicable in such as case, the onus could not be on the assessee to lead evidence to show that the value of the asset as returned by him was a correct value.

TAXAP/145/2000 11/12

13.

We may recall that Shri Mehta relied on the decision of Madras High Court in case of  V.G. Paneerdas and Co. P. Ltd.  (supra), which was however, a case wherein the assessee had filed a nil return even in response to notice under section 16 of the Act. Ultimately, it was found that the assessee had sizable net wealth. It was   in   this   background   the   High   Court   upheld   the   penalty rejecting the assessee's contention that it had bona fide impression that no return   was required to be filed. Such case therefore, stands on a different footing. 14.Under the circumstances, we are of the opinion that the Tribunal erred in confirming the penalty orders imposed by the Assessing Officer   and   confirmed   by   the   CIT(Appeals).   In   the   result,   we answer the question in the negative i.e. in favour of the assessee and against the Revenue. 15.Before closing we may record that the decision of the Madhya Pradesh High Court in case of  Sanghi Bros.(India) Ltd.(supra), arose in a very different factual background. It was a case wherein the assessee in the return of wealth filed, adopted valuation of immovable asset on the basis of methodology provided in rule 1BB of   the   Rules.   Ultimately   when   there   was   a   difference   in   the ultimate valuation accepted in the assessment, the question of penalty arose. It was in this background that Division Bench of Madhya   Pradesh   High   Court   referring     to   decision   in   case   of Commissioner of Wealth­tax v. Sharvan Kumar Swarup and sons reported in (1994) 210 886(SC), held that methodology chosen by the   assessee   for   valuation   of   asset   was   a   known   method   and therefore,   it   cannot   be   said   that   assessee   had   made   any concealment with regard to the property. Such decision is thus

TAXAP/145/2000 12/12 clearly   distinguishable.   In   the   present   case,   the   assessee   had adopted the method of valuation which was not permissible under the Act. For valuation of house property which is used wholly or mainly used for residential purposes, the formula provided under rule   1BB   of   the   Rules   is   to   be   applied.   The   assessee   instead, valued the property on the basis of its books of accounts. We are therefore, of the opinion that had the assessee been put to notice with respect to explanation(4) of section 18(1)(c) of the Act and consequently given opportunity to rebut the presumption, perhaps the situation would have been different 16.Both   the   appeals   are   allowed.   Orders   under   challenge   are quashed. (Akil Kureshi,J.) (Harsha Devani,J.) (raghu)

More judgments on Section 17

All 167 judgments and leading authorities on Section 17 →

Recent GST High Court judgments

Search GST case law →